Subaltern strategies and development practice: urban water privatization in Ghana

This paper is concerned with subaltern actions providing alternatives to development practice. I use Ghana's attempt at urban water privatization to illustrate that Ghana's development practice is characterized by a dependence on foreign sources of capital and expertise that illustrates a psyche and mindset of Eurocentrism associated with the elite and decisionmakers of the country. The rationale for water privatization, the how of privatization, and the anti-development opposition to privatization not only demonstrate this dependency but also the extent to which decisionmakers are willing to sacrifice sovereignty and culturally sensitive ways of doing things, to global capital, in exchange for development funds. In the state's zeal for Western or Occidental development, subalterns in Ghana have devised hybridities that are post-traditional and Oriental in nature to solve their water problems. These development solutions are couched within structures provided to human agency and suggest that development practice should therefore listen to subalterns in terms of how they imagine and solve their problems. The concern with subaltern voices shows the relationship between postcolonial studies and development practice.     

翁牛特旗--库伦旗一带严重缺水区的地质环境及找水途径

翁牛特旗--库伦旗一带为西辽河平原周边的严重缺水区.通过分析研究区地下水形成的地质环境,认为降水量、地形地貌、岩性构造和地下水循环是造成研究区严重缺水的主要因素,地层岩性和新构造运动是影响地下水富集的决定性因素.指出要加强含水层的岩性和构造、基岩区的断裂性质和产状的研究,并提出在基岩区、低山丘陵区寻找构造裂隙水和断裂带脉状水是解决研究区严重缺水的较好途径.     

玛纳斯河一级电站引水渠沿线提取地下水进行融冰的可行性研究

通过对向斜洼地含水层水文地质特征的勘探及研究,对研究区的水文地质边界条件进行了概化,并用水均衡法估算了地下水资源量,对拟建一级电站引水渠沿线提取地下水进行融冰的可行性进行了研究,并提出了取水方案.     

北京市地下水动态监测示范工程的建设和应用

北京市地下水动态监测示范工程是北京市科委的重大项目,从1999年开始建设,到2004年4月全面完成.本文详细介绍了该项目的建设及开发内容,以及在北京市地下水动态监测工作中的应用情况.     

水环境容量的影响因素及分析研究

本文采用流量级频率分析和统计分析方法,对黄河下游流量及泥沙含量对水环境容量的影响进行了研究分析.分析结果:河流在平滩流量时不仅输沙能力最大[8],而且输运污染物能力也最大,黄河下游水环境容量萎缩是平滩流量降低的必然结果.     

从电法勘探资料分析宋楼煤矿主斜井突水因素

根据宋楼煤矿主斜井直流电法勘探资料及矿井地质及水文地质条件的分析,煤矿主斜井突水原因应该是来自第四系砂砾石含水层及深层地下岩溶水。通过电法勘探确定裂隙发育带、富水区域、涌水部位,对此处实施钻孔注浆堵水后,恢复生产。     

淄博市洪山、寨里煤矿地下水串层污染形成原因及防治

淄博市洪山、寨里煤矿区隐伏的奥陶系灰岩裂隙岩溶水污染严重。水质污染突发于矿坑全面闭坑以后，污染范围与矿坑水区一致，地下水污染组份与矿坑水的高含量组份相同。水质恶化主要由矿坑水串层污染所致。在此针对串层污染形成原因及影响因素，提出了防治对策。     

地下导线随盾构推进逐段接测中的可靠性检验

盾构法施工的要点是需要在井下布设高精度的控制支导线，当我们根据盾构推进进度对导线接测时，由于观测条件、观测方法、观测仪器基本相同，但观测、的成果往往会存在一定的差异，有时我们无法直接判断成果的正确与否，此时，采用测量平差中的统计检验的方法来分析这些观测数据，可以取得比较满意的结果。     

Advective, orographic and radiation fog in the Tarapacá region, Chile

A project in northern Chile was undertaken to determine the origin and behaviour of fog in the coastal and inland locations of the Tarapacá Region. In the Pampa del Tamarugal, 50 km from the sea, conditions exist for the formation of radiation fog. Advective fog has been studied on the coast and orographic fog was observed at a few coastal sites near mountain ranges with elevations above 1000 m. Fog water collected by two standard fog collectors (SFC) for 3 1/2 years showed an average flux of 8.5 l m⁻² day⁻¹ on the coast and 1.1 l m⁻² day⁻¹ inland 12 km from the coastline. On only a few days in 10 months was water collected at the inland site of Pampa del Tamarugal. GOES satellite images are shown to illustrate the pattern of formation of the stratocumuli cloud over the sea, its approach to the coastline, the entrance of fog by corridors through the coastal range and the presence of radiation fog inland. The results are important for the understanding of fog formation and dissipation along the coastal mountain range and for the recognition of potential sites for the installation of fog water collectors, which can be used as a water source in the Atacama Desert. The results also provide vital information for use in the preservation of the unique ecosystems of the most arid desert of the world.     

可控深度电法对水平柱体和垂直界面的计算和实验

球状地球体可控深度电法的效应系数可近似地全面表达可控深度电法和各种效应。通过点源二度体的电算模拟实验，证明了该方法在水平柱状体和地下存在电阻率垂直界面的条件下，也是有效的。