Experimental evaluation of a glass curtain wall of a tall building

The seismic demand parameters including the floor acceleration amplification (FAA) factors and the interstory drift ratios (IDRs) were acquired from the floor response in time history analysis of a tall building subjected to selected ground motions. The FAA factors determined in this way are larger than those given in most current code provisions, but the obtained IDRs are close to the values given in some code provisions. Imposing a series of in‐plane pre‐deformations to two glass curtain wall (CW) specimens mounted on a shaking table, the IDRs were reproduced and the FAA factors were satisfied through applications of computed floor spectra compatible motion time histories, whose peak accelerations corresponded to the FAA factors. The CW specimens performed well during the whole experimental program with almost no change in the fundamental frequencies. No visible damage was observed in the glass panels. The maximum stresses detected in each component of the CW system were smaller than the design strengths. The obtained component acceleration amplification factor approached 3.35, which is larger than the value given in the current code provisions. In conclusion, the performance of the studied CW system is seismically safe. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

磁流变阻尼器对高层建筑风振舒适度的半主动控制分析

高层建筑风振舒适度的控制是结构抗风设计的一项重要内容。本文提出了磁流变阻尼器对高层建筑风振舒适度控制的一种设计方法。由于加速度是舒适度的判别标准，因此，首先通过对依据现行规范计算和用计算机模拟两种方法下得到的加速度进行比较，进而对模拟的脉动风荷载进行合理的修正，并以此作为抗风设计的依据；其次，根据磁流变阻尼器在不同位置时的控制效果，合理地布置控制装置，在此基础上，通过对加速度的有效控制来满足结构舒适度要求；最后，对磁流变阻尼器的参数进行合理的设计，达到优化的目的。     

应用5种被动动力减振器时高层建筑侧移-扭转脉动风振反应控制优化设计的统一公式

目的是建立5种被动的动力减振器对长宽比较大的高层建筑侧移-扭转脉动风振反应控制优化设计的统一方法。文中,在建立了5种被动动力减振器对高层建筑侧移-扭转脉动风振反应控制统一的方程的基础上,导出了被动动力减振器对高层建筑侧移-扭转脉动风振反应控制效果最优等效阻尼比和被动动力减振器最优设计参数的基本公式。通过工程实例的计算与分析,本文比较了5种被动动力减振器对高层建筑侧移-扭转脉动风振反应的控制效果,讨论了动力减振器在楼层上设置位置对动力减振器最优设计参数和控制效果的影响,得到了2个有工程价值的重要结论。     

高耸结构地震动力分析

在对2000年姚安6.5级地震Ⅶ度区文峰塔和2004年保山5.0级地震Ⅵ度区文笔雁塔震害及结构进行调查分析的基础上,对这两个塔的结构进行了简化,计算了两个塔各层的地震加速度,并对其进行对比分析。结果表明,当加速度值≥0.08g时,塔的某些部位开始破坏。     

对金茂大厦“粗指纹”诊断初探

金茂大厦是目前中国最高建筑之一,高达420.5m。本文采用自回归移动平均ARMA模型,利用大厦的随机振动得到其某些振型的频率及阻尼比,在地震、台风过后或经一长段时间之后,看其相应振型频率和阻尼比的变化,以达到健康诊断之目的。结果显示此法具有很好的可操作性,可用于大厦、大桥等的"粗指纹"健康诊断和维护。     

北京机场新塔台结构模拟地震作用试验研究

本文对首都机场新塔台钢筋混凝土筒-钢框架组合结构缩尺模型进行了模拟地震振动台试验研究,分析了高耸塔台结构的地震反应和破坏特征,并对这种下部为混凝土筒体,上部为钢框架结构的锚固连接及钢榧架结构层间位移控制进行了探讨,为提出这类钢-混凝土组合结构体系抗震计算模型和设计理论提供了试验依据。     

90°螺旋型和方形截面高层建筑气弹效应对比研究

设计并制作了动力特性基本一致的90°螺旋型和方形截面高层建筑的多自由度气弹模型,对气弹模型进行了风洞试验。运用随机减量法识别了顺、横风向以及多风向角下的气动阻尼;对出现了"拍"现象的工况采用小波方法解耦模态后再进行气动阻尼识别。风洞试验结果表明,方形截面高层建筑顺、横风向气动阻尼比随折算风速的变化规律与相关研究结果类似;螺旋型高层建筑顺风向气动阻尼比随折算风速的变化规律与方形截面高层建筑较为接近,在高折算风速段的阻尼比值相比方形截面高层建筑偏小,横风向气动阻尼比在低折算风速段微弱上升,随后下降,在0值附近波动。对多个风向角的加速度响应进行研究,螺旋型高层建筑均表现出良好的气动性能,尤其在横风向折算风速为12.43时,其加速度均方根为方形截面高层建筑的25.48%。     

Consistent DOF reduction of tall steel frames

This paper presents an energy‐consistent approach for reducing the number of degrees‐of‐freedom (DOFs) in tall steel frames. In the present approach, the moment resistance of beams and columns in each story is represented by the moment resistance of a rotational spring and a beam‐column element, respectively. The shear resistance provided by braces in each story is represented by the shear resistance of a shear spring. Furthermore, the resistance to the overturning moment provided by axial resistance of columns in each story is represented by the moment resistance of a rotational spring. These representations are carried out by achieving the equivalence between the strain energy stored and dissipated in the elements in the full (unreduced) DOF models and the strain energy stored and dissipated in the corresponding elements in the reduced DOF models. The accuracy of the present approach is demonstrated through numerical examples, which compare the results of nonlinear time history analyses obtained using the full and reduced DOF models. In the numerical examples, the response is estimated for 20‐story and 40‐story steel frames with and without buckling‐restraint braces subjected to a suite of near‐fault and far‐fault ground motions. The present approach is useful in estimating the response of tall steel frames having non‐regular member arrangements to a suite of intense ground motions including near‐fault ones, where it is crucial to capture the influence of higher mode effects on collapse mechanisms. Copyright © 2017 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

Tall building performance‐based seismic design using SCEC broadband platform site‐specific ground motion simulations

The scarcity of strong ground motion records presents a challenge for making reliable performance assessments of tall buildings whose seismic design is controlled by large‐magnitude and close‐distance earthquakes. This challenge can be addressed using broadband ground‐motion simulation methods to generate records with site‐specific characteristics of large‐magnitude events. In this paper, simulated site‐specific earthquake seismograms, developed through a related project that was organized through the Southern California Earthquake Center (SCEC) Ground Motion Simulation Validation (GMSV) Technical Activity Group, are used for nonlinear response history analyses of two archetype tall buildings for sites in San Francisco, Los Angeles, and San Bernardino. The SCEC GMSV team created the seismograms using the Broadband Platform (BBP) simulations for five site‐specific earthquake scenarios. The two buildings are evaluated using nonlinear dynamic analyses under comparable record suites selected from the simulated BBP catalog and recorded motions from the NGA‐West database. The collapse risks and structural response demands (maximum story drift ratio, peak floor acceleration, and maximum story shear) under the BBP and NGA suites are compared. In general, this study finds that use of the BBP simulations resolves concerns about estimation biases in structural response analysis which are caused by ground motion scaling, unrealistic spectral shapes, and overconservative spectral variations. While there are remaining concerns that strong coherence in some kinematic fault rupture models may lead to an overestimation of velocity pulse effects in the BBP simulations, the simulations are shown to generally yield realistic pulse‐like features of near‐fault ground motion records.     

高层建筑横风向反应的模糊神经网络控制

介绍了第3代结构风振控制基准问题的定义。通过观测部分楼层加速度和控制力输出,建立了模糊神经网络控制器,解决了传统控制中有限的传感器数目对系统振动状态估计的困难;利用模糊神经网络预测结构的控制行为,消除了闭环控制系统中存在的时滞;通过模糊神经网络控制器的学习功能,解决了土木工程复杂结构模糊控制中难以依据专家的主观经验来确定模糊控制规则和语言变量隶属函数等困难。以风振控制的基准问题为研究对象,编制了程序对受控系统进行数值仿真分析。分析表明,模糊神经网络控制策略能有效地抑制高层建筑的风振反应。