CFRP composite retrofitting effect on the dynamic characteristics of arch dams

The purpose of this study is to investigate the effect of retrofitting dynamic characteristics of a damaged laboratory arch dam model, subsequently repaired with high-strength structural mortar and strengthened with composite carbon fiber reinforced polymer. This study constructed in laboratory conditions is a prototype arch dam–reservoir–foundation model. Five test cases of ambient vibration on the arch dam model illustrate the changes in dynamic characteristics: natural frequency, mode shape, and damping ratio, before and after retrofitting. The ambient vibration tests collected data from the dam body during vibrations by natural excitations which provided small impacts and response signals from sensitivity accelerometers placed at crest points. Enhanced Frequency Domain Decomposition Method in the frequency domain extracts the experimental dynamic characteristics. At the end of the study, experimentally identified dynamic characteristics obtained from all test cases have been compared with each other. Apparently, after the retrofitting, the natural frequencies of the dam body increased considerably, demonstrating that the retrofitting, including repairing and strengthening is very effective on the flashback of initial dynamic characteristics.     

耗能减震技术在抗震加固工程中的简化设计

介绍了阻尼器型屈曲约束支撑和阻尼器型屈曲约束钢板墙这两种耗能减震技术的简化设计方法,并通过这种简化设计方法使阻尼器型屈曲约束支撑这种耗能减震技术在抗震加固工程中的得到了应用,从案例分析结果看,这种耗能减震技术简化设计方法为结构抗震设计提供了可靠、便利的设计依据,是一种合理有效的抗震途径或结构振动控制技术手段,可应用于抗震加固工程的设计理论和分析。     

平面外振动周期性高架桥失谐局部化问题分析

考虑周期性高架桥结构由桥墩及两相邻的水平梁组成,分析平面外振动失谐引起局部化现象。首先建立水平梁-桥墩连接处的传递矩阵,结合Wolf算法推导描述周期性高架桥波场局部化的Lyapunov正指数,并讨论高架桥结构的桥墩高度、桥梁跨度失谐及材料阻尼变化对描述局部化因子的Lyapunov指数影响。计算结果表明:低频时桥墩高度及桥梁跨度失谐对Lyapunov指数几乎没有影响,而随频率增加,周期高架桥结构失谐引起局部化现象明显;在通带域,振动波局部化更容易受结构材料阻尼变化的影响;在禁带域,高架桥的桥墩高度、桥梁跨度失谐对振动局部化影响要大于结构材料阻尼。     

土工袋减振隔振机制分析及试验研究

设置于地基中的土工袋不仅可以提高地基承载力,而且具有减振隔振效果。通过水平循环剪切试验研究了土工袋的动力特性,验证了土工袋具有可变的水平刚度和较大的阻尼比,表明土工袋是一种良好的基础减振隔振材料。土工袋的等效阻尼比随着竖向压力的增大而减小,随着最大剪应变的增大而增大。同时,采用离散单元法进行了土工袋在动力荷载作用下的数值模拟计算,土颗粒间采用弹簧-阻尼器接触模型;而土工袋被看成具有张力的小颗粒薄层,这些小颗粒间的接触与袋内土颗粒间的接触模型相同,但仅设置法向的接触而无切向接触,且只受拉不受压。结果表明,土工袋的减振消能效果主要来自于袋内材料的摩擦耗能、黏滞耗能以及袋子张力引起的耗能。另外,还进行了土工袋沟槽的原位振动测试,验证了土工袋的减振隔振效果。     

广义Gibson饱和地基中刚性圆板的扭转柔度系数

考虑到地基在竖直方向上的非均匀性,结合扭转振动的特点,建立了简谐扭转动荷载作用时剪切模量随深度增大的广义Gibson饱和地基的动力方程,通过积分变换求解了动力方程。考虑到半空间地基表面处应力自由、埋置圆板所在平面为混合边界和无穷深度处为波的辐射边界等条件,得到了广义Gibson饱和地基中刚性圆板扭转振动时的对偶积分方程,通过合适的变换转化成了一个第2类Fredholm积分方程,求解了相应的动力响应问题。对比静扭距作用时的荷载-位移关系,给出了动力柔度系数和扭转角位移幅值的表达式,并把所研究的问题进行退化且与前人成果进行了对比。数值研究表明：当基础的埋置深度小于5倍基础半径时,广义Gibson饱和地基中埋置基础的扭转振动存在明显的边界层现象,且埋置深度越小,边界层现象越明显。     

The effect of periodic intermittency on the cyclic behavior of marine sedimentary clay

Abstract

For subway systems built in coastal areas, the marine sediments are subjected to regular load sequences of waves and intermittencies, resulting in more complex reactions in their cyclic behaviors compared with those under the uniform cyclic loading applied in common studies. This research involved a series of experimental investigations into the undrained behavior of undisturbed saturated marine sedimentary clay subjected to cyclic loading with periodic intermittency considering the initial deviator stress and the conventional uniform cyclic triaxial tests for comparison. The results indicate that periodic intermittency significantly increases cyclic resistance, manifested by weakening of the long-term response and decreases in the number of vibration times required to achieve a steady state. The effect is greater with longer intermittency durations. Furthermore, changes in the pore water volume during cyclic loading were analyzed via nondestructive detection based on nuclear magnetic resonance. A conversion from bound water to free water was observed, referring to vibration magnitude and times. Lastly, the macroscopic results observed in triaxial tests and the microscopic results obtained in the nuclear magnetic resonance test appear to be closely related, indicating that the use of the variation in pore water is an applicable approach to delineate microchanges.     

一维小波变换在侧扫声纳图像去噪中的应用

针对侧扫声纳呯信号中的斑点噪声问题,采用一维离散小波变换对信号在各尺度分解,采用非极大值抑制技术平滑信号,并对各层小波系数模极大值进行阈值化处理抑制噪声,讨论了不同阈值对去噪效果的影响。结果表明,尺度因子和阈值的选择对原数据能量保持影响不大,但对噪声抑制效果影响大。文中算例均能较好地保持边缘,边缘保持指数均在0.5以上。     

Rocking vibration of a rigid strip footing on saturated soil

The dynamic response of a rigid strip footing lying on saturated soil is greatly affected by the pore pressure induced by a rocking moment. To consider the complex behavior of the soil under the rocking load, an analytical solution for a rigid strip foundation on saturated soil under a rocking moment is developed under the framework of Biot’s coupling theory. The boundary-value problem for the governing coupling equations for saturated soil is solved using a Fourier transform to yield a pair of dual integral equations. These dual integral equations are transformed into a set of linear equations using an infinite series of orthogonal Jacobi polynomials to yield the compliance functions. In addition, a parametric study has been carried out to examine the influence of: (1) the dimensionless frequency, (2) the dynamic permeability and (3) the Poisson’s ratio on saturated soil under a rocking rigid strip footing.     

爆破影响下岩质高边坡浅表层块体稳定性研究

摘要:岩质高边坡整体稳定性主要受软弱结构面及其组合控制,在组合有利的情况下,边坡主要发生浅表层块体失稳,开挖时的爆破振动作用是影响浅表层块体稳定的重要因素。本文以大渡河中游某岩质块状结构高边坡为例研究浅表层块体的稳定性,在总结浅表层块体失稳特征的基础上,实测爆破振动曲线,进行块体稳定性评价。研究结果表明,开挖后已失稳浅表层块体大多小于10m3,80%受软弱结构面控制,70%集中在马道下缘;实测的浅表层块体爆破振动加速度曲线显示,与邻近围岩相比,浅表层块体振动持续时间长,频率低,峰值小;等效静力法评价结果较爆破参数推算法更适用于临界失稳浅表层块体的稳定性评价。     

田湾核电站扩建山体爆破工程爆破质量安全控制

综述了在商业运行的核电站周边山体爆破控制要点,尤其对爆破振动的控制和爆破过程质量控制点的设置进行了较详细的讨论,为类似工程提供借鉴。