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401.
402.
The recently streamlined strength-of-materials approach using cones to calculate vibrations of foundations embedded in layered half-spaces and full-spaces is applied to incompressible and nearly-incompressible soil and to axi-symmetric embedments of arbitrary shape. For incompressible soil the axial-wave velocity in the cones is limited to twice the shear-wave velocity and a trapped mass for the vertical motion and a trapped mass moment of inertia for the rocking motion moving as a rigid body with the under-most disk of an embedded foundation are introduced. In the case of a fully embedded foundation, a mass and a mass moment of inertia are also assigned to the upper-most disk. For an axi-symmetric embedment of arbitrary shape, the disks have varying radii. No modifications to the formulation are, however, required. For these two extensions the strength-of-materials approach using cones leads to the same sufficient engineering accuracy as is achieved in other more conventional cases. This is demonstrated in a vast study. Thus the same other advantages also apply: physical insight with conceptual clarity, simplicity and sufficient generality. 相似文献
403.
Robert Hildebrand 《Soil Dynamics and Earthquake Engineering》2004,24(5):411-424
Although railway-generated ground vibrations usually have greater energy levels at lower frequencies, vibrations in the audible range above 20 Hz can nevertheless be relevant for secondary noise problems in buildings. One countermeasure is soil stabilization under the track embankment. While effective at low frequencies, a potential side effect is amplification in some audible bands. Presented here are both experimental and theoretical assessments of the countermeasure in the audible bands. The main innovation is the treatment of an infinite periodic track–ground system, using a transfer matrix approach with a repeating element including the rail, pad, sleeper, and an underlying half-space (ballast and soil). Excitation in this band is attributed to rail and wheel roughness. The model makes successful predictions when the half-space properties are allowed to be frequency-dependent such that the dispersion of the surface wave matches that in the actual layered earth (including ballast and underlying soil layers). The field measurements are also unique in that both before and after evaluation of the countermeasure was possible. 相似文献
404.
This paper presents a theoretical investigation on the performance of multiple‐tuned liquid column dampers (MTLCD) for reducing torsional vibration of structures in comparison with single‐tuned liquid column dampers (STLCD). The analytical model is first developed for torsional vibration of a structure with an MTLCD under either harmonic excitation or white noise excitation. The experimental results are then used to verify the analytical model for coupled MTLCD‐structure systems under harmonic excitation. The performance of an MTLCD and its beneficial parameters for achieving the maximum torsional response reduction to white noise excitation are finally investigated through an extensive parametric study in terms of the distance from the centre line of the MTLCD to the rotational axis of the structure, the ratio of the horizontal length to the total length of liquid column, frequency bandwidth, head‐loss coefficient, the number of TLCD units in an MTLCD, frequency‐turning ratio and the spectral level of excitation moment. The results show that there is an optimal head‐loss coefficient and an optimal frequency bandwidth for an MTLCD to achieve the maximum torsional response reduction. It is also demonstrated that the sensitivity of an optimized MTLCD to the frequency‐tuning ratio is less than that of an optimized STLCD, and it can be further improved by increasing the bandwidth but at the cost of less torsional vibration reduction. Copyright © 2002 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献
405.
A damper device based on shape memory alloy (SMA) wires is developed for structural control implementation. The design procedures of the SMA damper are presented. As a case study, eight such SMA dampers are installed in a frame structure to verify the effectiveness of the damper devices. Experimental results show that vibration decay of the SMA damper controlled frame is much faster than that of the uncontrolled frame. The finite‐element method is adopted to conduct the free and forced vibration analysis of the controlled and uncontrolled frame. The experimental and numerical results illustrate that the developed SMA dampers are very effective in reducing structural response and have great potential for use as efficient energy dissipation devices with the advantages of good control of force and no lifetime limits, etc. Copyright © 2003 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献
406.
基于环境振动的斜拉桥拉索基频识别 总被引:16,自引:1,他引:16
斜拉索是现代斜拉桥最重要的结构构件,索力在斜拉桥的施工控制和长期监测中起着重要作用。振动测试法是斜拉桥索力测定、监测和状态评估中应用最广泛的一种方法。振动法测索力的关键在于准确地识别出索的基频。本文使用自功率谱和倒频谱方法,基于MATLAB平台,开发出了斜拉桥拉索环境振动模态分析图形用户交互(GUI)工具箱,实现了斜拉索基频的快速自动识别。应用本文的方法,对福州青洲闽江主跨605m斜拉桥拉索的环境振动实测加速度数据进行了分析处理,斜拉索基频识别方便直观,结果可靠。 相似文献
407.
地王大厦风振TMD主被动切换混合控制研究 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
本文采用调谐质量阻尼器对地王大厦这一高层建筑在风荷载作用下的顶点位移进行主被动混合控制,即508重现期风荷载作用下用TMD被动控制,1008重现期风荷载作用下切换为TMD主动控制。理论分析和计算表明,这种控制方式造价低,经济效果佳,以较小的能量输入可取得较优的控制效果。 相似文献
408.
409.
非对称结构扭转振动多重调谐质量阻尼器(MTMD)控制的最优位置 总被引:1,自引:1,他引:1
研究了非对称结构扭转振动多重调谐质量阻尼器(MTMD)控制的最优位置。本文采用的MTMD具有相同的刚度、阻尼,但质量不同。基于导出的设置MTMD时非对称结构扭转角位移传递函数,建立了扭转角位移动力放大系数解析式。MTMD最优参数的评价准则定义为:非对称结构最大扭转角位移动力放大系数的最小值的最小化。MTMD的有效性评价准则定义为:非对称结构最大扭转角位移动力放大系数的最小值的最小化与未设置MTMD时非对称结构最大扭转角位移动力放大系数的比值。基于定义的评价准则,研究了非对称结构的标准化偏心系数(NER)和扭转对侧向频率比(TTFR)对不同位置MTMD最优参数和有效性的影响。 相似文献
410.
列车运行对民宅影响的测试与分析 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
利用工程振动测试仪器,对位于铁路路旁的两座民宅的自振频率进行了测量,同时,在几种不同状况的列车运行时,对这两座民宅的频率、速度值进行了测量,和国家有关技术规范对比,判定列车运行是否会引起房屋损坏。 相似文献