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3种典型荒漠灌木内生固氮菌及固氮酶基因nifH多样性分析 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
具有特殊生境的内生固氮菌,对改善植物营养、增强植物抗逆性及群落稳定性具有重要作用,是一类潜力巨大、尚待开发的微生物资源。以新疆3种典型荒漠灌木多枝柽柳(Tamarix ramosissima)、黑果枸杞(Lycium ruthenicum)、盐穗木(Halostachys caspica)为材料,从根和枝条组织中分离筛选获得137个内生固氮菌菌株,采用16S rDNA PCR-RFLP、16S rDNA序列测定、BOXAIR-PCR指纹图谱、nifH PCR-RFLP等方法分析其遗传多样性及系统发育关系。结果表明:分离菌株经16SrDNA PCR-RFLP酶切图谱聚类划分为9个遗传类型。序列测定和系统发育分析显示,代表菌株分属于拉恩氏菌属(Rahnella)、假单胞菌属(Pseudomonas)、泛菌属(Pantoea)、芽孢杆菌属(Bacillus)、寡养单胞菌属(Stenotrophomonas)和申氏杆菌属(Shinella),其中Rahnella为优势种群。一个测定菌株的16SrDNA序列同源性低于97%,提示可能为一个潜在的新种。BOXAIR-PCR分析优势种群的基因组结构特征,获得12种指纹图谱类型,显示出该种群具有丰富的基因组多样性。nifH PCR-RFLP分析分离内生固氮菌菌株固氮酶基因nifH的分子多态性,将其划分为3种基因型,体现了nifH具有高度保守性,同时在不同固氮微生物种群和菌株间也存在一定的多样性。研究结果丰富了固氮微生物物种资源库和基因库,对于内生固氮菌资源的保护和利用奠定了科学基础。 相似文献
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A. M. Stanevich E. N. Maksimova T. A. Kornilova D. P. Gladkochub A. M. Mazukabzov T. V. Donskaya 《Stratigraphy and Geological Correlation》2009,17(1):20-35
Studied assemblages of diverse organic-walled microfossils separated from the Arymas and Debengda formations of the Olenek Uplift include several paleobiological groups of microorganisms. Sufficiently large morphotypes of the first group are identified with remains of cyanobacteria. Morphotypes of variable spiral structure, which dwelt in association or in symbiosis with cyanobionts, are attributed to the same bacterial community. The other group includes a series of different acritarch genera whose characters suggest their affinity with green algae of the order Desmidiales. It is very likely that this group coexisted on siliciclastic shoals with large ancestral forms of the present-day brown algae. Several microfossil taxa have been known before from the Neoproterozoic deposits only. With due regard for the relatively gradual accumulation of sedimentary succession lacking large hiatuses and for the regular series of K-Ar dates characterizing three Riphean formations of the Olenek Uplift, it is possible to suggest that there was the Arymas-Debengda-Khaipakh cycle of long-lasted, almost uninterrupted sedimentation within the time span of 1250–900 Ma. It is also admissible that age ranges of some Late Precambrian microfossils are much larger than their distribution intervals postulated formerly. 相似文献
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Phylogenetic diversity of planktonic bacteria in the Chukchi Borderland region in summer 总被引:1,自引:1,他引:0
Planktonic bacteria are abundant in the Chukchi Borderland region. However, little is known about their diversity and the roles of various bacteria in the ocean. Seawater samples were collected from two stations K2S and K4S where sea ice was melting obviously. The analysis of water samples with fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) showed that DMSP-degrading bacteria accounted for 13% of the total bacteria at the station K2S. No aerobic anoxygenic phototrophic (AAP) bacteria were detected in both samples. The bacterial communities were characterized by two 16S rRNA gene clone libraries. Sequences fell into four major lineages of the domain Bacteria, including Proteobacteria (Alpha, Beta and Gamma subclasses), Bacteroidetes, Actinobacteria and Firmicutes. No significant difference was found between the two clone libraries. SAR11 and Rhodobacteraceae clades of Alphaproteobacteria and Pseudoalteromonas of Gammapro-teobacteria constituted three dominant fractions in the clone libraries. A total of 191 heterotrophic bacterial strains were isolated and 76% showed extracellular proteolytic activity. Phylogenetic analysis reveals that the isolates fell into Gammaproteobacteria, Bacteroidetes, Actinobacteria and Firmicutes. The most common genus in both the bacterial isolates and protease-producing bacteria was Pseudoalteromonas. UniFrac data showed suggestive differences in bacterial communities between the Chukchi Borderland and the northern Bering Sea. 相似文献
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为探讨东风螺脱壳病和吻肿病与体内外致病菌及条件致病菌的相关性,测定了东风螺养殖水体环境中异养菌菌落总数,并对病螺及健康螺体内致病菌及条件致病菌进行了分离鉴定.经兔血培养基、TCBS培养基和弧菌显色培养基分离培养,用生化试验和细菌16S rDNA序列分析鉴定,结果显示:发生脱壳病的方斑东风螺螺池水体中的异养菌菌落总数为1.34×106 cfu/mL,病螺体内分离的致病菌及条件致病菌有副溶血弧菌、哈氏弧菌、河流弧菌、Vibrio hepatarius、腐败希瓦氏菌、海藻希瓦氏菌和芽孢杆菌,其中优势菌株为副溶血性弧菌溶血菌株和哈氏弧菌;脱壳病与吻肿病共患的泥螺螺池水体中异养菌的菌落总数为1.46×107 cfu/mL,病螺体内分离的致病菌及条件致病菌有副溶血弧菌、哈氏弧菌、鲍鱼希瓦氏菌、海藻希瓦氏菌和芽胞杆菌,优势菌株为海藻希瓦氏菌、鲍鱼希瓦氏菌和哈氏弧菌;健康东风螺螺池水体异养菌菌落总数为7.6×104 cfu/mL,健康东风螺螺体内的优势菌株为副溶血性弧菌非溶血菌株和Vibrio hepatarius.试验结果表明,东风螺脱壳病和吻肿病与养殖水体环境中异养菌的总数及螺体内部致病菌及条件致病菌分布具有一定相关性. 相似文献
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The abundance of baroduric bacteria from nine sediment cores (0–10 cm below sea floor) was examined for their response to simulated benthic disturbance in the Central Indian basin (CIB). While the total counts of bacteria decreased from 109 to 106 g?1 dry wt sediment, the average retrievable counts (CFU-colony forming units) improved by two orders of magnitude, i.e., from 102 104 g?1 dry wt sediment. The baroduric retrievable forms were dominated by Acinetobacter and Moraxella sp before the disturbance. After the disturbance the generic diversity was represented by Staphylococcus sp, Enterobacter sp, Micrococcus sp, Coryneforms sp, and Pseudomonas sp in addition to Acinetobacter. These observations were corroborated by changes in enzymatic activities of the retrievable bacteria, which could lead to changes in the biochemical characteristics of the sediment. Thus the simulated disturbance brought about an increase in culturable abundance, taxonomic and functional diversity of deep-sea sediment of the CIB. 相似文献
150.
本文采用原位生态学研究方法分析两种较为典型的对虾养殖模式—高位池精养模式和生态养殖模式沉积物中碳、氮元素的变化和其对底栖细菌的影响.结果表明:(1)在两种养殖模式下沉积物中碳元素含量都是呈上升趋势,高位池精养模式中C∶N值呈下降趋势,而生态养殖模式中C∶N值则呈上升趋势.(2)底栖细菌的呼吸量及其生物量变化呈显著正相关.单位生物量的底栖细菌代谢力变化和沉积物中C∶N值有关.在高位池精养模式中,沉积物C∶N值较高(>16.59),单位生物量底栖细菌代谢力保持恒定;在生态养殖模式中,沉积物C∶N值较低(<15.58),单位生物量底栖细菌代谢力随C∶N值的上升而增加. 相似文献