我国东部花粉雨初探

通过对位于不同气候带的北京、禹城和桃源3地的全年空气孢粉采样以及表土尘孢粉采样的研究分析,初步了解代表暖温带、中亚热带的现代花粉雨的组成,其中空气孢粉组合较表土尘孢粉组合更能反映区域植被的成分;区域花粉雨特征可以作为气候带划分的标志;我国东部花粉雨分析还表明,花粉的远距离迁移与东亚季风气候关系密切,花粉的迁移路线反映了季风运行的轨迹。通过花粉雨的研究,进一步了解孢粉组合—植被—气候三者的联系,将有助于应用孢粉分析恢复植被、恢复气候的定量研究     

日本农村工业与泉州乡镇企业比较研究

日本的农村工业和泉州的乡镇工业都具有规模小，个私经济为主，布局分散等特点，具有可比性，但彼此在发展模式、成长机制等方面存在明显的差异，日本的3种发展模式和泉州的5种发展模式各有千秋、但日本成长机制却明显优于泉州，为此，本文通过对比研究，对泉州乡镇企业的发展提出了6条建议。     

社会信息化、经济全球化与世界地理研究的全息景观化—以韩国地理的全息景观研究为例

知识经济与传统的农业经济和工业经济显著不同，由它推动着的社会信息化及经济全球化所带来的地理发展效应，无论是在发展因素的加入上，还是在地域的建造上都愈来愈向着全息化的方向发展。与之相应，世界地理的研究范式，也应该向着更为开放、更为兼容化的方向改进。为此笔者提出全息景观论，并以韩国为例，以展示这种理论的科学解释价值。     

动态模拟扫描成像转台转速系统变阻尼控制与PID控制的对比研究

在设计高精度速率转台系统时，对PID控制与变阻尼控制作了对比研究，采用变阻尼控制方案较好地解决了系统快速性的矛盾，并且给出的仿真结果实验是令人满意的。     

拉尔玛矿床的自然金研究

本文在总结拉尔玛矿床中自然金及共生矿物一般特点的基础上,对自然金的矿物学和化学组成进行了较系统地研究。提出了决定自然金形成及在矿石、矿物中配分的主要地质因素。     

Study on terrestiral noise in data of geomagnetic total field in North China

The terrestrial noise in the differencial data of geomagnetic total field recorded at 21h in North China was fitted by using the geomagnetic vector data from Beijing Observatory. The terrestrial noise level and its spatial feature in this region was discussed. A method, which may be useful for justifying the quality of fitting, was provided in this paper. The analysis indicates that the terrestrial noise is one of the important noise in tectonomagnetic study. It is shown that the susceptibility effect is quite small and the orientation effect is the main component in the terrestrial noise in North China. The rough spatial feature of the magnetic anomaly in crustal substance was infered from the spatial feature of terrestrial noise. The measurement precision and the source noise level of data at 21h in this region were obtained in the analysis of residual noise. The Chinese version of this paper appeared in the Chinese edition ofActa Seismologica Sinica,15, 441–447, 1993.     

Salt transport on islands in the Okavango Delta: Numerical investigations

This study uses a numerical model to investigate the groundwater flow and salt transport mechanisms below islands in the Okavango Delta. Continuous evapotranspiration on the islands results in accumulation of solutes and the formation of a saline boundary layer, which may eventually become unstable. A novel Lagrangian method is employed in this study and compared to other numerical methods. The numerical results support the geophysical observations of density fingering on Thata Island. However, the process is slow and it takes some hundreds of years until density fingering is triggered. The results are sensitive to changes of the hydraulic gradient and the evapotranspiration rate. Small changes may lead to different plume developments. Results further demonstrate that density effects may be entirely overridden by lateral flow on islands embedded in a sufficiently high regional hydraulic gradient.     

对空间数据不确定性研究的思考

对GIS中空间数据不确定性研究中存在的问题进行思考后提出了5点建议.主要包括:1) 要区分GIS中确定性目标和不确定性目标;2) 要区分用离散点逼近曲线/曲面的逼近误差和离散点自身量测误差及其传播;3) 要研究GIS中的几何不确定性,更要重视研究属性和时态不确定性;4) 要研究空间数据质量,更要研究空间信息服务的质量;5) 空间数据不确定性研究要努力向实际应用转化.     

Study on Statistical Features About Weak Earthquake Activity Before Moderately Strong Earthquakes in the Middle Northern Part of the Qinghai-Xizang （Tibet） Block

In regards to the earthquakes recording M ≥ 5.0 that occurred in middle northern part of the Qinghai-Xizang （Tibet） Block from 1970 - 2003, in this study we describe the temporal and spatial centralization features of the weak earthquakes and the enhancement and anomalous quiescence of their seismic activity before main shocks through 4 parameters, which are basically not correlated： earthquake time centralization degree parameter Ct, earthquake space centralization degree parameter Cd, η value and weak earthquake frequency and so on. On the basis of calculation results, it has been seen that before earthquakes with M ≥ 5.0 took place in the middle northern part of the Qinghal-Xizang （Tibet） Block, the frequency of weak earthquakes often shows ascent and drop, their strength shows an obvious enhancement and the centralization distribution with time and space is evident.     

Color map design for visualization in flood risk assessment

Visualizations of flood maps from simulation models are widely used for assessing the likelihood of flood hazards in spatial planning. The choice of a suitable type of visualization as well as efficient color maps is critical to avoid errors or bias when interpreting the data. Based on a review of previous flood uncertainty visualization techniques, this paper identifies areas of improvements and suggests criteria for the design of a task-specific color scale in flood map visualization. We contribute a novel color map design for visualizing probabilities and uncertainties from flood simulation ensembles. A user study encompassing 83 participants was carried out to evaluate the effects of this new color map on user’s decisions in a spatial planning task. We found that the type of visualization makes a difference when it comes to identification of non-hazardous sites in the flood risk map and when accepting risks in more uncertain areas. In comparison with two other existing visualization techniques, we observed that the new design was superior both in terms of task compliance and efficiency. In regions with uncertain flood statuses, users were biased toward accepting less risky locations with our new color map design.