气象条件对大气波导的影响

在介绍大气折射基本类型及其对电磁波影响的基础上,概述了三种类型大气波导的形成机制,分析了不同天气系统、气象要素和天气现象对大气波导的影响,总结了易于出现大气波导现象的天气条件。研究气象条件对大气波导的影响,对于研究和预测电磁波在大气中的传播特性以及在军事上的应用都具有十分重要的意义。     

Geo-engineering properties of expansive soil treated with xanthan gum biopolymer

ABSTRACT

This paper presents the effectiveness of xanthan gum (XG) biopolymer in stabilising the expansive soil. The XG biopolymer is mixed with expansive soil in different proportions such as 0%, 0.2%, 0.5%, 0.8% and 1.0% by weight of the dry soil mass. The plasticity, compaction, swelling, compressibility, hydraulic conductivity, strength and durability characteristics of the treated and un-treated expansive soil are examined. Results show that the plasticity index of the treated soil mass initially increases but beyond 0.5% biopolymer addition it decreases sharply. The optimum moisture content and maximum dry density of treated soil, found out from light and heavy compaction tests, do not follow any definite trend. It is also found that increasing XG content increases compressibility slightly but, it reduces swelling pressure, differential free swelling value and hydraulic conductivity remarkably. On the other hand, time-dependent compressive strength and resistance to mass loss increases with increasing XG content. Microscopic examination confirms the formation of gel-like linkage, which brings about the modifications in the treated expansive soil.     

青海省都兰县丘吉东沟金矿地球化学特征及找矿潜力分析

丘吉东沟金矿是近年来在青海省都兰县境内的东昆仑山系中部新发现的金矿床之一，但其研究工作程度较低。本文基于区内1∶5000土壤地球化学测量工作，对20种土壤地球化学特征元素进行研究，通过相关分析、聚类分析后发现，本区Sb、Hg、Au、As等元素具有较好的异常，这些异常多分布于成矿的有利部位，并且套合较好，具有良好的找矿前景；综合考虑地球化学异常元素的组合特征及区域成矿地质特征，圈定2个找矿靶区。     

胶东玲珑金矿黄铁矿的化学成分标型特征及其矿床学意义

玲珑金矿作为胶东地区一个规模最大且最典型的石英脉型金矿,历经多年的开采,其保有储量已不足以支持持续生产,深部及边部找矿迫在眉睫。本文基于成因矿物学理论,通过矿物地球化学方法对矿区内的黄铁矿化学成分标型特征研究,结果表明:1)胶东玲珑金矿中黄铁矿为亏硫型,根据其N(S)/N(Fe)值变化趋势,显示其形成温度由成矿前期至成矿期最后到成矿后期逐渐降低。2)胶东玲珑金矿中黄铁矿为富As特征,可作为找矿标志之一;Fe、Cu、Pb三种元素整体上呈迁入状态,随着流体的进一步运移,热液中的HS-等组分逐渐流失,进而导致Au(HS)2-络合物失稳而分解,Fe2+、Fe3+被消耗形成黄铁矿,与此同时Au开始逐渐聚集并沉淀。3)黄铁矿的NiCo图解及As-Co-Ni三角相图显示,绝大部分黄铁矿都属于岩浆热液成因,黄铁矿w(Co)/w(Ni)均值为2.79,说明Au沉淀时的温度为中温。综上并结合区域地质、矿区地质特征及蚀变带特征,认为玲珑金矿床为"岩浆核杂岩"隆起-拆离带中的岩浆期后热液矿床。上述研究成果对玲珑金矿下一步的深部及边部找矿具一定的参考价值。     

辽宁东平金矿床地质特征及找矿方向

东平金矿位于辽西凌源-阜新金成矿带上，金矿（化）体主要赋存在硅化构造角砾岩、硅化流纹岩和硅化流纹质角砾熔岩中.矿石以自然金和银金矿为主，其中自然金约占80%，银金矿约占20%.激电中梯及钻探结果显示矿体主要受北北西向构造控制，金矿（化）体主要位于高阻低极化率的F2构造蚀变带内.土壤地球化学测量圈定综合异常22处，Ⅰ-4异常区经钻探验证发现多个隐伏金矿（化）体.在详细研究矿床地质特征的基础上，通过对比邻区赵家沟金矿，初步推断其成因类型为低温热液型金矿.同时认为区内北北西向构造蚀变带内具有的黄铁矿化、强硅化和碳酸盐化是主要的矿化蚀变信息，高阻低极化率及Au土壤地球化学综合异常带是重要的找矿方向.     

昆明机场红土地层地下结构抗震模拟研究

昆明机场残积红土既是区域内重要的土地资源,更是各类工程建设的建筑地基,由于机场及临近区域内小江地震活动断裂带和普渡河断裂带地震活动频繁,使研究区处于较不稳定状态。本文采用MIDAS GTS有限元数值分析软件,利用动三轴试验所得出的结果,分别对昆明长水国际机场玄武岩残积红土、砂页岩残积红土地层下典型的地下结构进行了抗震模拟研究。所获得的研究成果,对红土分布区城市及村镇房屋建筑地基和地下空间结构抗震安全稳定性评价具有一定的指导意义和实用价值。     

Survey on PCDDs and PCDFs in sediments and soils in Ya-Er Lake area, China

INTRODUCTIONOverthepastseveralycars,considerableinteffethasbocenteIdontheenvir0nmentalbehaviouroftoxicandpersistritcomP0undssuchashalogenatalaromat-ies,inparticularthepolychiorinataldibopdioxins(PCDDe)andpolydil0rinateddi~fUtansrpCDFs).ManyofthesecomPounds,espedllythosewithahighdegere0fchiorinesubstitution,arehighlylipophiliccontawhnantSwithlowWhtersolubility,highre-sistancet0chdricaltransformationsandlowwhcrobiologhaldegradatfonpeatnnann,l988,Bromanetal.,l989,Hites,l990)whichexplain…     

Study on the fractal character of magnetic anomaly fields and the delineation of tectonic elements in the South China Sea

INTRODUCTION~hon0ffornjcelmtSwnthebasisofthestudyonthecrustaldefonnationanddeVel0prnent,thedistributionofndnereIs,andthendnerogeneticlawr.ThegeornagneticfieklisthecomP0siterefledionoftheformati0nanddefortnationofthecrust.Sornagnct-icsLLrVeydatacomPriseirnPortantbasisfordelincatingthearchiteCtonicelements,dCtendningtheirboundarylines,andanalopngthesanndarystrudriineachelernent,whicharetthernaintasks0fgoophySicalworkers.Thegoornagneticdelineati0nofanareahadforlongbodonequalitativeybyobs…     

利用地基土应力分布原理确定砂垫层厚度

软弱土层场地若采用天然地基不能满足建筑物所需强度与沉降要求,采用换土撼砂法就可以提高地基的承载力。运用应力分布原理合理确定撼砂层厚度不仅可保证工程稳固性,并可节约投资和缩短工期。     

“THE END OF MODERN HISTORY”?*

ABSTRACT. The first half of the twentieth century marked both an end to confidence in human control of the earth and a prelude to the contemporary era of intense environmental concern after 1950. This conspectus of the environmental history/historical geography of the transitional years between 1900 and 1950 focuses on rising concerns over resource supplies and exploitation, particularly land settlement, timber supplies, soil erosion, and river-basin control. Conservation and the pervasiveness of ecological thinking and analogy form a strong underlying theme.