重力场解析梵净山岩浆岩构造及与矿产的关系

本文通过区域重力资料对贵州梵净山地区岩浆岩的深部构造进行研究,探索其深部构造特征,根据岩浆岩与高、中、低温元素富集成矿规律,探讨该地区成矿规律,为寻找隐伏矿产提供参考。     

落实科学发展观促进贵州地质矿产事业可持续发展

地质矿产资源是经济和社会可持续发展的保障。为适应经济和社会的可持续发展,本文对贵州的地质矿产调查、勘查、研究和管理提出几点建议：进一步加强贵州省地质矿产勘查工作投入;矿产勘查工作的重点是“攻深找肓”、“探边填空”和“打弱挖潜”;扩大服务领域,使地矿工作与贵州经济和社会发展紧密结合。     

Mineralogy of Holocene Sediments from the Southwestern Black Sea Shelf (Turkey) in Relation to Provenance, Sea-level and Current Regimes

Grain size and mineral composition of core sediments were used to investigate influences of various terrestrial and marine conditions, which have prevailed on the southwestern Black Sea shelf during the Holocene. Siliciclastic mud with small amounts of sand and gravel from nearby coastal hinterland is the principal sediment type, whereas sediments deposited near the shelf edge and the Istanbul Strait and off the Duru Lake （a paleo-river mouth） constitued large quantities of sand and gravel of both biogenic and terrigenic origin. Variable amounts of aragonite, 1 nmmicas, quartz, feldspars, calcite and dolomite constitute the dominant non-clay minerals in bulk sediments. The clay mineral assemblage in the 〈 2 μm fraction is made up of smectite, illite, kaolinite and chlorite. Aragonite and calcite are mainly derived from benthic accumulations, whereas feldspars （mainly plagioclase） and smectite reflect magmaticvolcanic provenance and the distribution of 1 nm-micas and chlorite correlate with nearby metamorphic sources onland. Nevertheless, grain size and mineral distribution generally indicate a combination of effects of wind and wave climate, longshore and offshore cyclonic currents, changing sea-level stands and nearby source rock and morphological conditions. It is also suggested that at least part of clay minerals could be derived from the northwesterly Danube River input.     

鄂尔多斯盆地纳岭沟地区直罗组砂岩粘土矿物特征及初步对比研究

纳岭沟铀矿床位于鄂尔多斯盆地东北部,含铀岩系为中侏罗统直罗组。文章通过薄片鉴定、扫描电镜、X射线衍射 等分析测试手段,对纳岭沟地区直罗组砂岩粘土矿物的镜下特征、成分及含量进行了系统的观察和研究,探讨了直罗组砂 岩粘土的矿物特征,并初步与伊犁盆地及二连盆地做了对比。研究表明,纳岭沟地区直罗组砂岩的粘土矿物主要为蒙皂 石,其次为高岭石、绿泥石,少量伊利石 。蒙皂石与高岭石存在相互转化现象,部分绿泥石由蒙皂石和高岭石转化而来, 成岩过程中蒙皂石并未大规模自发的向伊利石转化。砂岩的粘土总量较高,与伊犁盆地相比,富含蒙皂石,高岭石含量较 低,粘土矿物的吸附能力较强。在直罗组砂岩的成岩过程中,粘土矿物的吸附作用为直罗组富集了大量的铀,这是鄂尔多 斯盆地东北部地区能形成众多铀矿床乃至超大型铀矿床的重要条件。     

Mineralogical and geochemical evolution of the Bidgol bauxite deposit,Zagros Mountain Belt,Iran: Implications for ore genesis,rare earth elements fractionation and parental affinity

The present study focuses on the Late Cretaceous Bidgol bauxite deposit in the Zagros Simply Fold Belt, SW Iran. The orebody is located in the eroded major NW–SE trending Koh-e-Hosseyn anticline and hosted as discontinuous stratified layers and lenses within the upper member of the Cenomanian–Turonian Sarvak Formation. Detailed mineralogical analysis reveals that diaspore, hematite, goethite, anatase, clinochlore, chamosite, and calcite are the major mineral components accompanied by minor amounts of detrital and REE-bearing minerals such as rutile, zircon and parisite. The ore texture suggest that the bauxite material has an authigenic origin but in some parts it has been transported short distances from a primary in situ environment and redeposited in karstic depressions. The spheroidal pisolites of the Bidgol bauxite formed under conditions of low water activity, favouring the formation of large diaspore cores and a single dry-to-wet climatic fluctuation. The mass change calculations relative to the immobile element Ti show that elements such as Si, Fe, Mg, K, Na and Sr are leached out of the weathered system; Al, Ni, Zr, Ga, Cr and Ba are concentrated in the residual system; and Hf, Ta, Co, Rb, Cs, Be, and U are relatively immobile during the bauxitisation processes. The Nb, Th, Y, V, Sc, Sn and ΣREE are relatively immobile in the initial stage of bauxitisation processes in the bauxite ores, but were slightly mobile at the later stage of bauxitisation. Geochemical data reveal progressive enrichment of the REE and intense LREE/HREE fractionation toward the lower parts of the bauxite profile. Cerium behaves differently from the other REEs (especially LREE) and show positive anomalies in the upper horizons that gradually become negative in the deeper parts of the profile. The distribution and fractionation of trace elements and REEs during the bauxitisation process in the Bidgol deposit are mainly controlled by the presence of REE-bearing minerals, fluctuations in soil solution pH, REE ionization potential and the presence of bicarbonates or organic matter. Geochemical analyses confirm a protolith contribution from the bedrock argillaceous limestone and suggest that the source material for the Bidgol bauxite was provided from a siliciclastic material derived from a continental margin. The mid-Turonian uplift led to the formation of karstic topography, rubbly breccia and a layer of ferruginous–argillaceous debris that was affected by lateritic weathering under humid tropical climate. Subsequently, mobile elements are removed from the profiles, while Al, Fe and Ti are enriched, resulting in the formation of the pristine bauxite materials. When the platform subsided into the water again, the pristine bauxitic materials were partly converted to bauxite. During the exposure of bauxite orebodies on the limbs and crests of anticlines and subsequent eroding and accumulation in the karstic depressions during folding and faulting in Oligocene–Miocene, important factors such as intensity of the weathering, drainage and floating flow may have improved the qualities of the bauxite ores.     

Colloform high-purity platinum from the placer deposit of Koura River (Gornaya Shoriya,Russia)

A microinclusion of colloform high-purity platinum in a grain of platinum-group minerals (PGM) from the alluvial gold-bearing placer deposit in the south of Western Siberia (Russia) was detected and characterized for the first time. It is different in composition, texture, and conditions of formation from high-purity platinum of other regions described in the literature. The main characteristics of investigated high-purity platinum are colloform-layered texture, admixture of Fe (0.37–0.78 wt%), and paragenesis of Cu-rich isoferroplatinum, hongshiite, and rhodarsenide. The PGM grain with high-purity platinum is multiphase and heterogeneous in texture. It is a product of intensive metasomatic transformation of Cu-rich isoferroplatinum (Pt₃(Fe_0.6Cu_0.4)). The transformation was carried out in two stages: 1 – copper stage including three substages (Cu-rich isoferroplatinum, copper platinum and hongshiite); and 2 – arsenic (rhodarsenide). The formation of high-purity platinum was separated in time from the formation of isoferroplatinum and was carried out by precipitation from postmagmatic solutions.     

Geochemistry of coastal sands of Eastern Mediterranean: The case of Nisyros volcanic materials

Coastal sand samples collected from the northern part of Nisyros volcanic island (Dodecanese, Greece) were investigated for first time for their potential in strategic metals and compared with parental rocks of the island which are Quaternary volcanics with alternating lava flows, pyroclastic layers and lava domes and relevant materials located near granitoids of Northern Greece. The PXRD and SEM-EDS study of the sands revealed enhanced content of feldspars, Fe-Mn oxides, magnetite, tourmaline, pyroxenes, ilmenites, along with zircons, apatite and sulfide inclusions. The fresh hydrothermally deposited clayely material collected from the Nisyros caldera crater had a rather different mineralogical composition from the coastal one (alunite, anhydrite, opal-CT, quartz, kaolinite). UCC-normalized spidergrams indicated that the weathering processes contributed to accumulation of heavy minerals (mainly ilmenite), and strategic metals including V (1920 mg/kg) and Nb (245 mg/kg), in the coastal sand. The low REE concentration (ΣREE + Y = 240 mg/kg) could be attributed to the absence of REE-rich minerals. Moreover, the sands exhibit different geochemical patterns compared to the volcanic source rocks of the island, which are especially enriched in Large-Ion Lithophile Elements (LILE) and depleted in High Field Strength Elements (HFSE), such as Nb and Ta. On the other hand, the caldera material is enriched in volatile components, sulfur, chalcophile elements (Se, Bi, Hg, As, Pb) and Ba. Micro-XRF analyses of representative crystals showed that the high Nb content of the sands was associated with the Ti/Fe-rich phases (e.g. ilmenites). The geochemical composition of N Greece sands showed, because of their origin, enrichment not only in HFSE but also in REE.The study of the coastal heavy mineral sands originating from different geological environments of Greece provides information about the association of their mineral components with REE, other elements of economic interest (e.g. Co, Nb, Ta) and natural actinides. In addition, the study of the black sands of Nisyros island could be considered as a characteristic example of those from other parts of Hellenic Volcanic Arc (HVA) and other relevant Mediterranean regions.     

福建武平地区晚侏罗世石英脉和云英岩型2类钼矿控矿因素及找矿方向

据矿床分布特点,将武平地区与晚侏罗世侵入岩有关的的钼矿(化)分为石英脉型钼多金属矿和云英岩型钼钨矿2种类型,并据成矿地质特征,结合地球化学异常,分析其控矿因素,提出找矿标志及找矿方向。     

松辽盆地钱家店地区姚家组砂岩黏土矿物特征及其与铀矿化的关系

[研究目的]钱家店铀矿床位于松辽盆地西南部,含铀岩系为上白垩统姚家组.目的层中含有大量的黏土矿物,因此揭示姚家组砂岩黏土矿物特征,对铀的成矿作用探讨至关重要.[研究方法]本文通过系统的显微镜下鉴定、扫描电镜、X射线衍射等分析测试手段,对钱家店地区姚家组砂岩黏土矿物的镜下特征、成分及含量进行了系统的观察和研究.[研究结果...     

Relevant Magnetic Parameters and Heavy Metals from Relatively Polluted Stream Sediments - Vertical and Longitudinal Distribution Along a Cross-City Stream in Buenos Aires Province,Argentina

Previous magnetic and geochemical studies of stream sediments in the Northeast of Buenos Aires Province, in the Greater La Plata area, have revealed a high level of trace elements, especially lead and zinc. Continuing these preliminary works, new sampling sites were considered in order to improve and increase the magnetic mapping of this area. This part of the study focuses especially on the magnetic properties of sediments from a cross-city stream. Such stream receives a variable pollutant load from urban, industrial and diffuse sources.Concentration-dependent magnetic parameters, magnetic carriers (para, anti and ferrimagnetic) and their features (e.g. softer or harder magnetic carrier, grain size distribution, etc.) have been calculated using magnetic measurements. According to magnetic parameters and heavy metal loads two main distinctive groups of sediment-cores are distinguished. The vertical distribution of sediments reveals a recent anthropogenic influence, possibly, belonging to the last 20-40 years.Four out of all the magnetic parameters (magnetic susceptibility, anhysteric remanent magnetisation, S-ratio and _ARM/) were chosen in order to investigate their relationship with contents of heavy metals. In all the cases, good positive correlations were obtained using linear regression. However, more significant correlation factors were achieved for grain size and magnetic feature-dependent parameters ( _ARM/ and S-ratio) than for magnetic concentration-dependent parameters. Therefore, the _ARM/ and the S-ratio seem to be the most relevant magnetic parameters to describe the vertical and longitudinal distribution of heavy metals present in these stream sediments. The non-significant relationship between heavy metals and concentration-dependent parameters could be explained taking into account the discrimination of the two distinctive groups. The group belonging to the Coastal Plain shows a clear linear trend between heavy metals and magnetic susceptibility and anhysteric remanent magnetisation.