Une méthode de quantification de la dégradation d'un escarpement de faille au cours des cycles climatiques du Quaternaire : la faille de Jobourg (Nord Cotentin,France)Quantification of a fault-scarp degradation through Quaternary: the Jobourg fault (North Cotentin,France)

The degradation of the Jobourg fault-scarp occurred by cryoclastic processes in a periglacial environment during a part of Quaternary time. An attempt of quantification indicates a bulk scarp erosion of about 39 m³ m^?2, while the head accumulated at the bottom of the fault scarp only represents 4.6 m³ m^?2. To cite this article: M. Font et al., C. R. Geoscience 334 (2002) 171–178.     

Measuring the k–S–p relations on DNAPLs migration

Migration characteristics of dense non-aqueous phase liquids (DNAPLs) in the subsurface can be expressed as a water–DNAPL two-phase system based on mainly the k–S–p relations, which describe the relations among relative permeability (k), degree of water saturation (S), and capillary pressure head (p). The aims of this research are to develop an experimental system with new type of probes, such as the electrical conductivity probe for measuring the degree of water saturation and the hydrophilic and hydrophobic tensiometer for measuring the pore water and DNAPL pressures, and also to estimate the results obtained from the developed experimental system. From these tests, the excellent k–S–p relations were obtained and the efficiency and validity of this developed experimental system have been confirmed in terms of the concept of the scaling coefficient calculated by interfacial tensions.     

桩底注浆钻孔灌注桩承载力的研究

通过天津地区几例钻孔灌注桩桩底注浆的静载荷试桩结果 ,分析天津地区钻孔灌注桩桩底注浆单桩竖向极限承载力标准值的估算方法     

A numerical study of mechanical behavior of a cement paste under mechanical loading and chemical leaching

Based on relevant experimental data of a petroleum cement paste under mechanical loading and chemical leaching, an elastic‐plastic model is first proposed by taking into account plastic shearing and pore collapse. The degradation of mechanical properties induced by the chemical leaching is characterized by a chemical damage variable which is defined as the increase of porosity. Both elastic and plastic properties of the cement paste are affected by the chemical damage. The proposed model is calibrated from and applied to describe mechanical responses in triaxial compression tests respectively on sound and fully leached samples. In the second part, a phenomenological chemical model is defined to establish the relationship between porosity change and calcium dissolution process. The dissolution kinetics is governed by a diffusion law taking into account the variation of diffusion coefficient with calcium concentration. The chemical model is coupled with the mechanical model, and both are applied to describe mechanical response of cement paste samples subjected to progressive chemical leaching and compressive stresses. Comparisons between experimental data and numerical results are presented.     

混凝土灌注桩桩头渗水的处理及预防措施

混凝土灌注桩桩头渗水对桩体混凝土受力和基底防水产生影响,对混凝土结构中的钢筋造成腐蚀。结合工程实例,对桩头渗水产生的原因进行分析,主要有操作经验不足、责任心不强,灌注器具不合格,混凝土质量指标不符合要求,灌注接近结束时拔管速度过快、灌注终了超灌高度测量不准,基土含水量高、水压大等;出现桩头渗水可采用人工剔除或注浆封堵处理;介绍了预防措施,包括加强作业人员培训,强化灌注器具检查,严控混凝土质量,重点监管终灌时的状态,做好基坑内降水工作等。     

动力学模型预测深海鲣鱼(Katsuwonus pelamis)调理食品常温下的货架期

为了预测鲣鱼(Katsuwonus pelamis)调理食品的货架期,将鲣鱼调理食品贮藏在25°C、30°C、35°C温度条件下,通过测定在贮藏期间菌落总数、挥发性盐基氮、过氧化值三个指标的变化,分别对这三个指标与贮藏时间、温度建立一级动力学模型,来预测鲣鱼调理食品的货架期。经计算得出,菌落总数预测模型中的活化能(Ea)及指前因子(k0)分别为30.96 k J/mol和2.06×103,挥发性盐基氮预测模型中的的活化能及指前因子分别为24.35 k J/mol和75.1,过氧化值预测模型中的活化能及指前因子分别为48.75 k J/mol和2.92×106。在32°C和37°C条件下验证动力学模型,结果表明相对误差分别为–5.52%和–6.45%,准确性较好。进一步推算得出,在18°C和23°C常温下贮藏鲣鱼调理食品,产品的货架期为209d和172d。     

FD-600全液压动力头反循环连续取样钻机研制与应用

文章结合国内外CSR取心技术的现状和所生产钻机的特点,为满足国内对空气反循环连续取样（心）、冲击回转、定向钻进等多种高效钻探工艺对钻机的需要,从钻机整体结构设计、整体布局进行详细考量,采用质量可靠的液压件、动力机等外购件,摒弃传统钻机设计周期长、动力小、机械化程度低、对地形和钻探工艺适应性低等特点,研制出了一台高效、可靠、机械化程度较高的FD-600型全液压动力头式反循环取样钻机。在3次野外生产试验中充分体现出了优越性,可满足砂金勘探、工程施工等取心钻探的要求。     

The terrestrial fauna of the Late Triassic Pant-y-ffynnon Quarry fissures,South Wales,UK and a new species of Clevosaurus (Lepidosauria: Rhynchocephalia)

Pant-y-ffynnon Quarry in South Wales yielded a rich cache of fossils in the early 1950s, including articulated specimens of new species (the small sauropodomorph dinosaur Pantydraco caducus and the crocodylomorph Terrestrisuchus gracilis), but no substantial study of the wider fauna of the Pant-y-ffynnon fissure systems has been published. Here, our overview of existing specimens, a few described but mostly undescribed, as well as freshly processed material, provides a comprehensive picture of the Pant-y-ffynnon palaeo-island of the Late Triassic. This was an island with a relatively impoverished fauna dominated by small clevosaurs (rhynchocephalians), including a new species, Clevosaurus cambrica, described here from a partially articulated specimen and isolated bones. The new species has a dental morphology that is intermediate between the Late Triassic Clevosaurus hudsoni, from Cromhall Quarry to the east, and the younger C. convallis from Pant Quarry to the west, suggesting adaptive radiation of clevosaurs in the palaeo-archipelago. The larger reptiles on the palaeo-island do not exceed 1.5?m in length, including a small carnivorous crocodylomorph, Terrestrisuchus, and a possible example of insular dwarfism in the basal dinosaur Pantydraco.     

三峡库首区重点断裂围限区蓄水的加卸载效应

通过对蓄水前后三峡库首区构造应力场进行三维数值模拟发现,相对于蓄水前,蓄水至135 m水位时,官渡口断裂-马鹿池断裂-牛口断裂围限区、秭归地理中心和九湾溪断裂带,出现了4个主应力下降区和共轭的主应力增长区,形成了差应力场;175 m水位与135 m水位相比,局部差应力场呈现逆向变化,即形成了加载效应与卸载效应的交替过程。这一过程,可能是水库诱发地震的诱震(或触震)因素。