基于格网化邻域查询的海上船舶救援搜索方法

海洋渔业是高风险行业,各类海洋灾害频繁发生,海上航行、作业环境复杂,因此,海上快速救援对保护渔民的生命财产安全具有重要意义。本文基于空间剖分的格网化编码,提出一种根据有效救援距离和失事船舶位置进行邻域搜索以查找失事船只相邻和最邻近可供救援的船只的方法,其中有效救援距离通过救援船舶的类型和航速来设定,根据有效救援距离设置不同的编码搜索长度。本文将模拟实验区域设定为我国东海海域,随机生成1×10⁴个船位点,在时间检索效率和内存占用两方面,实验结果表明,与传统的船舶间距离的计算方法相比,基于格网化邻域搜索的查询方法编码后船位数据较编码转换前船位数据占用内存空间减少56.47%,同时,编码后检索运算的用户时间是编码前用户时间的17.67%,因此,基于格网化邻域搜索的查询方法占用内存小,且运算效率较高,能够有效提升对遇险船舶邻域救援船只的查询效率。     

基于弧段检测的高频地波雷达特定目标航迹跟踪方法研究

本文对现有的高频地波雷达目标跟踪方法进行了概述,提出了一种地波雷达目标长时连续跟踪的方法,基本思想是:充分挖掘航迹弧段特征,基于特征对船只运动建模,并结合杂波背景进行融合决策。进一步,为了达到长时间连续跟踪的需求,借鉴深度学习的思想,利用新获取的弧段数据对算法估计结果不断递归校正,使得随着获取数据的增加跟踪越准确。该方法适用于杂波环境且在航道附近存在众多干扰船只的情况下对机动目标航迹的实时稳定跟踪,为高频地波雷达在复杂干扰环境下特定目标持续跟踪提供理论基础和方法指导,为充分发挥地波雷达在海上监视监测中的作用提供技术支撑。     

Design of the roll stabilization controller, using fin stabilizers and pod propellers

Ships experience roll motion due to waves in a seaway. Therefore, fin stabilizers are installed to stabilize such roll motion. A fin stabilizer is effective at reducing the roll motion at moderate speeds but not at low speeds. Recently, pod propellers have been used with fin stabilizers for roll stabilization. In the paper, a MIMO (multi-input multi-output) optimal control system that has two control inputs such as fin stabilizers and pod propellers is designed. The LQR (linear quadratic regulator) control algorithm is applied to reduce the roll motion of cruise ships in regular waves. Also, the nominal plant and the frequency-weighted LQR are applied to reduce the roll motion in irregular waves. The roll motion of cruise ships is effectively reduced when the fin and pod propeller are used as the control actuators at low speeds. The optimal control gain is easily found when the frequency-weighted LQR is applied.     

船舶海洋气象导航的业务概况与发展现状

通过对多家船舶海洋气象导航公司和机构的介绍,概括了国内外气象导航的业务和发展。文章分析结果表明,国外气象导航业务发展历史悠久,技术储备雄厚,业务体系完善,占据了全球气象导航业务的大部分市场份额。国内气象导航的发展历程较短,技术力量薄弱,业务量相对较少。当前国内的气象导航服务正在努力开拓创新,在信息化背景下逐步开展多样化的平台建设和产品研发,并取得了良好的进展。     

垂直加速度对SⅡ型海洋重力仪的影响及消除

根据海洋重力测量的实际情况,结合SⅡ型海洋重力仪的结构特点,分析垂直加速度对SⅡ型海洋重力仪的影响,进而采取强阻尼的措施减弱这种影响,对于测量船实时航行状态操纵,提高作业效率具有很重要的作用。     

结合置信度的多通道星载SAR在轨舰船低虚警快速检测

舰船目标快速检测是星载合成孔径雷达的重要应用之一,也是SAR星上处理首先发展的应用方向.目前SAR舰船快速检测普遍使用的图像恒虚警(CFAR)检测方法中,低虚警一直是研究的重点,多通道SAR中舰船目标存在多通道虚假目标,进一步增加了虚警剔除的难度.为此,本文提出了一种基于置信度计算和SVM判别的低虚警CFAR(Cons...     

一种顾及时间特征的船舶轨迹DBSCAN聚类算法

随着世界海洋经济的快速增长和各国海洋贸易的持续发展,船舶A IS系统被世界各国广泛采用,由此产生海量的船舶轨迹数据.如何对这些多维、动态的数据进行挖掘和利用,成为当前时空数据挖掘领域的研究热点之一.文中在经典DBSCAN空间聚类算法的基础上,对船舶轨迹数据进行清洗、压缩等预处理,并将其划分为特征点相连的子轨迹段,然后引...     

基于Radon变换的星载SAR图像窄V尾迹检测

在Radon变换的基础上,提出了一种在Radon变换域附加检测规则对星载SAR图像中窄V尾迹进行检测的方法。附加的规则由去除短线规则和去除孤立点规则组成,将该方法应用于星载SAR图像中不同表现形式下的窄V尾迹,实验表明,该方法具有一定的普遍适用性。     

Single Particle Analysis of Aerosols, Observed in the Marine Boundary Layer during the Monterey Area Ship Tracks Experiment (MAST), with Respect to Cloud Droplet Formation

The chemical composition of individual particles >0.2 m sampled duringthe MAST-experiment wereanalysed by SEM-EDX, in combination with multivariatetechniques. The objective of this experiment was toidentify the mechanisms responsible for themodification of marine stratocumulus clouds byemissions from ships and in a wider sense to provideinformation on the global processes involved inatmospheric modification of cloud albedo. Aerosolswere examined under different MBL pollution levels(clean, intermediately polluted and moderatelypolluted) in five different reservoirs: backgroundbelow-cloud and above-cloud aerosol; background clouddroplet residual particles; below-cloud ship plumeaerosol and ship track cloud droplet residualparticles.In this study a relation was provided between theaerosol emitted from the ship's stack to an effect incloud. Additionally, a large fraction of the ambientaerosol was found to be composed of organic materialor other compounds, consisting of low Z-elements,associated with chlorine. Their number fraction waslargest in clean marine boundary layers, and decreasedwith increasing pollution levels. The fraction of`transformed sea salt' (Na, Cl, S), on the other hand,increased with the pollution level in the MBL. Only20% of the particles fell within the detectable rangeof the analysis.     

Estimating trends of Atlantic meridional overturning circulation from long-term hydrographic data and model simulations

The ocean meridional overturning circulation (MOC) plays a central role for the climate in the Atlantic realm. Since scenarios for future climate change indicate a significant reduction of the MOC under global warming, an assessment of variations and trends of the real MOC is important. Using observations at ocean weather ship (OWS) stations and along oceanic sections, we examine the hydrographic information that can be used to determine MOC trends via its signature in water mass properties obtained from model simulations with the climate model ECHAM5/MPI-OM. We show that temperature trends at mid-latitudes provide useful indirect measure of large-scale changes of deep circulation: A mid-depth warming is related to MOC weakening and a cooling to MOC strengthening. Based on our model experiments, we argue that a continuation of measurements at key OWS sites may contribute to a timely detection of a possible future MOC slowdown and to separate the signal from interannual-to-multidecadal MOC variability. The simulations suggest that the subsurface hydrographic information related to MOC has a lower variability than the MOC trend measured directly. Based on our model and the available long-term hydrographic data, we estimate non-significant MOC trends for the last 80 years. For the twenty-first century, however, the model simulations predict a significant MOC decline and accompanied mid-depth warming trend.