Multivariate morphometrics and analysis of shape

Analysis of size and shape has always figured largely in interpretations of multivariate analyses of measurements on organisms, although on premises that are not always unchallengeable. A recent surge of interest has led to important advances in formal analysis of variations in shape (geometric morphometrics) and phylogenetic significance of such changes. In connection herewith, an improved philosophy for the choice of variables suitable for depicting shape variation is evolving. Important results for statistical validity of multivariate analyses now are being made available by several workers (robust estimates of canonical vectors, etc., stability of eigenvectorial elements, effects of deviations from multivariate normality) with special reference to applications in morphometric studies. Such questions have been little considered in the past with the result that many multivariate analyses of biological and geological data are inexact.Contribution Number 2 in a series of review articles by the Mathematical Geologists of United States. Accepted January 8, 1985. Invited lecture delivered to the thematic conference of Geological Shape Analysis, Wood's Hole, Massachusetts, September 8–12, 1984.     

四川天然气化探异常模式的研究

根据四川盆地两个天然气藏的土壤地球化学异常特征、指标间的组合关系 ,建立了“环中顶”和“面状”化探异常模式。经川西地区油气化探生产实践 ,表明两种异常模式对寻找天然气藏具有良好的效果     

Three-dimensional non-cohesive earthen dam breach model. Part 2: Validation and applications

Our proposed three-dimensional dam breach model is tested using one field test from the European Community funded IMPACT project. Results show that this three-dimensional model accurately predicts the peak breach discharge and final breach width for this case. It is shown that the three-dimensional model is capable of simulating the breaches that develop in different locations along a hypothetical long non-cohesive dam while accounting for variations in the natural valley topography, including symmetrical and asymmetrical settings. Our results show that both the breach location and reservoir shape have a significant effect on the peak breach discharge and the outflow hydrograph shape. Different inflow hydrographs were found not to significantly change the peak breach discharge rate for the hypothetical reservoir and spillway. Comparisons with laboratory and field dam breach tests and one historically breached dam show that the real shape of the breach channel during the breach process is successfully modeled.     

高分辨率遥感影像上基于形状特征的船舶提取

由于高分辨率遥感影像上靠岸船舶的灰度、纹理特征往往和港口地面接近,与离岸船舶相比,其自动提取与识别相对更为困难,为此,为离岸、靠岸船舶的提取设计了不同方案。实验证明了方法的有效性。     

大陆韧性走滑在粤西的表现--粤西云开地区深成侵入岩片麻理成因新探

粤西片麻状花岗质岩石的成因历来争议很大,主要有混合岩、同构造花岗岩、花岗片麻岩之争.对于构造的作用机理,更多的人用近水平剪切作用来解释.笔者在1/25万阳春幅、阳江幅区域地质调查中,通过对云开地块变质深成岩中透入性面理和线理及其应变分级的详细填连,认为云开地块核部片麻理组合型式是卵形构造与线性活动带的复合,提出了大陆韧性走滑深层剪切变形的新认识.     

川西地区微晶白云母的矿物学特征研究

川西地区微晶白云母是一种新型白云母资源,其主要化学成分S iO245.7%,A l2O330.51%,K2O 11.63%,H2O 4.53%,与白云母的化学成分理论值接近,主要杂质离子F e,M g等以类质同象置换八面体中的A l3+。呈微细薄板状结晶形态,粒径小于10μm,一般1μm~5μm,平均5.5μm,厚度平均0.8μm,径厚比值小,平均6.9。结晶程度高,水化程度低或几乎未水化,不含蒙脱石间层矿物。微晶白云母的晶胞参数a=0.520 01 nm,b=0.906 33 nm,c=2.003 96 nm,α=90.00,°=β95.79,°γ=90.00,°属2M1型白云母,在结构矿物学上显示出与水云母和绢云母具有一定的差异性。     

工业旋转椭球体外形质量检测方法

介绍了基于电子全站仪和PC计算机及有关数据处理软件，进行工业旋转椭球体外形加工质量检测的原理和方法，讨论了检测应提供的检测内容和指标计算方法，特别提出了适应于作为外形检测指标的法向距概念，对检测结果进行了分析，实践证明，检测方法适用于缺乏纹理的较难用近景摄影测量方法处理的大型工艺工业部件质量检测。     

购物出行空间的等级结构研究—以天津市为例

以天津市为例，通过大量问卷调查，总结出城市居民购物出行的空间圈层结构，为国际间相关问题的横向对比奠定了基础。在中地论的基础上，创建了系统描述和详细分析购物出行空间等级结构的新模式，为今后的相关研究提供一种制度和方法。在市场细分的基础上，总结出天津市三种不同收入阶层的购物出行空间等级结构类型，并对其进行了尝试性解释。