豫西熊耳山寨凹钼矿床辉钼矿铼-锇年龄及其地质意义

寨凹钼矿床位于河南熊耳山地区,是新近发现的穿插于太古宙太华岩群深变质岩中的辉钼矿石英脉型钼矿床.为了获得该钼矿床的成矿年龄,从10件采自辉钼矿石英脉的样品中挑选出辉钼矿单矿物进行Re-Os同位素年龄测定.10件辉钼矿样品22次测定结果的年龄最小值为(1 680±24)Ma,最大值为(1 831±29)Ma.其中10件辉钼矿粗粒(自然粒度)状态下13次测定结果的等时线年龄为(1 686±67)Ma,MSWD=16;4件研磨后粉末状辉钼矿9次测定结果的等时线年龄为(1 804±12)Ma,MSWD=1.09.两条等时线的仞始<'187>Os值在误差范围内接近于0,表明<'187>Os全部由Re衰变而来.上述结果表明,寨凹钼矿床形成于17～18亿年的中元古代早期,是目前中国已知最老的钼矿床,为中元古代早期华北克拉通伸展-裂解环境中构造-岩浆热事件所伴随的热液成矿作用的产物,与熊耳群火山岩浆活动有密切的时空和成因联系;辉钼矿的Re含量为4.832×10<'-6>～0.665×10<'6>,平均3.045×10<'-6>,表明成矿物质可能来自围岩地层.东秦岭地区从元古宙到印支期、燕山期的铜矿化构成该区的钼成矿谱系,寨凹钼矿床可能是该谱系中最早的端员.     

川东“侏罗山式”褶皱的数值模拟及成因探讨

本文通过采用有限差分法（FLAC）对“侏罗山式”褶皱进行数值模拟发现,层间粘聚力差异和上覆压力是控制隔档式褶皱、隔槽式褶皱样式的主要因素,即层间的能干性差异和埋深的控制。当地层在埋深较浅时,层间能干性差异对褶皱样式起主控作用,能干性差异小时出现隔槽式褶皱,差异大时出现隔档式褶皱。随着埋深加大,压力逐渐起主要作用,这时仅出现隔槽式褶皱。川东东带褶皱地层总体上层间能干性差异小,因而盖层的深部与浅部皆出现隔槽式褶皱,与模拟结果一致。西带褶皱地层总体层间能干性差异大,因而浅部出现隔档式褶皱。而其深部的下古生界地层主要受上覆压力控制,根据模拟推测应为隔槽式褶皱。     

南昆仑造山带西段构造样式及构造序列

南昆仑造山带西段发育逆冲推覆构造、平行走滑构造、地垒一地堑构造和阿尔卑斯式褶皱、侏罗山式褶皱,前两类构造尚有韧性剪切带伴生;其构造组合在平面上具有内带一外带一前陆带明显的分带性,且形成了逆冲推覆构造一平行走滑构造一地垒一地堑构造的构造序列。     

扬子地台西南缘早三叠世层序地层格架

扬子地台西南缘早三叠世地层被划分为4个沉积层序。通过综合研究已取得的牙形石生物地层资料,与Haq等人提出的三叠纪牙形石生物时带进行了对比,初步定出了各沉积层序及体系域的界面年龄(层序1底界年龄251Ma;层序2底界年龄245.2Ma;层序3底界年龄243Ma;层序4底界年龄240.5Ma,顶界年龄239.4Ma),从而建立了区内分辨率较高的早三叠世地层格架。格架中层序组合特征在碳酸盐岩台地边缘显示得非常清楚,其中,层序1-层序2高水位体系域的台地边缘依次向陆后退,呈退积或超覆(overlap)型组合关系;层序3-层序4高水位体系域的台地边缘则依次向海推进,呈进积或退覆(offlap)型组合关系。这种组合特征主要受沉积盆地的构造沉降及2级海平面升降亚旋回的海面变化的控制,构造沉降加速和海面上升期形成的层序呈退积型组合关系;构造沉降平缓及海面下降期形成的层序呈进积型组合关系。此外,还研究了斜坡地带(贵阳改毛)层序1-层序3底部的碳氧同位素组成变化规律:海侵体系域-高水位体系域碳、氧同位素组成变化不大,δ13C主要为正值,但在高水位体系域顶部明显负向偏移;低水位体系域碳、氧同位素组成变化剧烈,且均为负值。这为地层划分提供了地球化学方面的依据。     

层序格架中用地球化学录井资料评价烃源岩的方法

在综述前人对海相盆地和陆相盆地烃源岩分布与层序地层格架关系研究的基础上,介绍了露头、地球物理资料层序地层研究与地球化学录井资料的有机质丰度评价相结合进行烃源岩评价的方法及步骤。并通过在准噶尔盆地侏罗系烃源岩评价中的具体应用,较为客观地说明了准噶尔盆地侏罗系烃源岩在纵、横向上的分布。实践证明该方法是行之有效的。     

松辽坳陷深水湖盆层序界面特征及低位域沉积模式

白垩系青山口组到嫩江组沉积时期,松辽盆地为深水坳陷湖盆,沿长轴方向为缓坡,而在短轴方向为陡坡。缓坡条件下,三级层序界面表现为沉积相带的迁移,地震剖面上的超削反射终止特征不明显,陡坡条件下,三级层序界面不仅表现为沉积相带的迁移,而且在地震剖面上的超削反射终止特征十分明显。在层序内部均可识别出低位域、水进域和高位域。在层序的低位域,沿盆地长轴方向,三角洲水下分流河道十分发育,在河口的前方形成分布较广、相对较薄的河口坝、远砂坝沉积及湖底扇;沿短轴方向,三角洲水下分流河道不发育,而发育河口坝和远砂坝,向湖区方向,过渡为前三角洲和深湖沉积,在前三角洲和深湖沉积区发育大量重力流成因的湖底扇。     

Lithologic Hydrocarbon Deposits in Rift Lake Basins in Eastern China

The rift lake basins in the eastern China have abundant hydrocarbon resources of lithologic deposits, which resulted from excellent source rocks and multi-type sandbodies developed during strong rifting. Vertically, the lithologic deposits are mainly distributed in the lowstand, lacustrine invasion and early highstand systems of third-order sequence corresponding to a secondary tectonic episode of strong rifting, and laterally they are closely related to various fans and turbidite sandbodies controlled by syn-sedimentary faults. A variety of lithologic traps have been developed in the rift lake basins, and they generally have favorable conditions of source-reservoir-seal assemblage and hydrocarbon accumulation dynamics, indicating that there is a great exploration potential of lithologic deposits in the rift lake basins. In order to obtain satisfactory effects of lithologic deposit exploration, it is required to combine new theories with advanced technical methods.     

Predicting Terrestrial Flagstone Reservoirs in the Sha-I Member of the Qibei Depression in the Dagang Oilfield

There are few 3-D seismic profiles and drillings in the middle part of the Qibei depression in the Dagang oilfield, and more than 70% of the 2-D seismic profiles were completed before the 1980s. Meanwhile, changes in the terrestrial formations in this region have been large and complex. These factors have made it difficult to predict reservoirs in this area. The purpose of this paper is to establish a methodology for predicting potential gas and oil reservoirs. Our research combines sequence stratigraphy, well-logs, and seismic analysis to elucidate the prediction of flagstone reservoirs in the S1 (Sha-I) Member in the middle of the Qibei depression. Previous research indicates that these rocks were deposited in an environment that had a semiarid, northern subtropical, and warm, humid climate. The objective strata currently consist mainly of lake fades, deeper lake facies, and shore-shallow lake facies. The study reveals that the lower section of the S1 Member is an important objective region for explora     

X‐rays from young stars: A summary of highlights from the XMM‐Newton Extended Survey of the Taurus Molecular Cloud (XEST)

The XMM‐Newton Extended Survey of the Taurus Molecular Cloud (XEST) is a survey of the nearest large star‐forming region, the Taurus Molecular Cloud (TMC), making use of all instruments on board the XMM‐Newton X‐ray observatory. The survey, presently still growing, has provided unprecedented spectroscopic results from nearly every observed T Tauri star, and from ≈50% of the studied brown dwarfs and protostars. The survey includes the first coherent statistical sample of high‐resolution spectra of T Tauri stars, and is accompanied by an U ‐band/ultraviolet imaging photometric survey of the TMC. XEST led to the discovery of new, systematic X‐ray features not possible before with smaller samples, in particular the X‐ray soft excess in classical T Tauri stars and the Two‐Absorber X‐ray (TAX) spectra of jet‐driving T Tauri stars. This paper summarizes highlights from XEST and reviews the key role of this large project. (© 2008 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)