MARS软件在数值预报模式产品数据管理中的应用

该文简单介绍MARS (Meteorological Archival and Retrieval System) 软件的架构及组成部分,并基于MARS软件,介绍了数值预报产品数据管理系统设计与实现。通过在GRIB2数据段对应描述层次类型和气象要素的表格文件中定义新的层次类型和气象要素,在MARS软件解析GRIB2数据所需要查找的相关模板表格文件中定义气象要素对应的产品类型号、要素类别号、要素号、要素名称和要素名称缩写,说明GRIB2数据模板和代码表创建方法。以GRAPES模式产品GRIB2数据为例,实现应用MARS软件管理GRAPES模式产品GRIB2数据。结合存储管理TSM (Tivoli Storage Manager) 软件,研究开发MARS软件和TSM软件连接接口程序,实现数据的直接迁移和回调。以T639L60模式产品为例,通过测试检索性能,MARS软件检索数值预报产品速度超过当前国家级气象数据管理系统数据检索速度1倍,说明MARS软件检索数值预报产品数据具有时效优势。     

RESEARCH ON EARTHQUAKE EMERGENCY MAPPING METHOD BASED ON TEMPLATE MATCH

After an earthquake, earthquake emergency response and rescue are important ways to mitigate earthquake-induced losses. Various earthquake emergency maps can provide effective references and guidance to those actions. Currently, related studies include the investigation on symbols of emergency maps, remote sensing emergency mapping and GIS-based mapping methods. However, the existing studies overlook the characteristics of rapidity, dynamicity and variety of presentation methods in making earthquake emergency maps. In this paper, a map template matching method is used to quickly make earthquake emergency maps considering their characteristics. We take investigations on the service objects(users)of the earthquake emergency maps to understand the needs of making earthquake emergency maps. The audience theory in mass media field and map information transmission theory are adopted to classify the users of the earthquake emergency maps into four categories: earthquake emergency commanders, technical staffs for decision-making, earthquake emergency rescuers, and the public. The components of different types of users are described and then their diverse demands in earthquake emergency maps are analyzed, such as the needs of on-field disaster information maps, earthquake information maps, physical geography and social economic maps. Following those needs, we introduce the representation methods of the earthquake emergency maps according to their formats(vector or raster)and contents, such as point symbolization method, kilometer grid method, line symbolization method and range method. Then, we study the rapid plotting method of earthquake emergency map based on map template matching method. The core steps of the method include: 1)before earthquake, the templates of different earthquake emergency maps are designed, prepared and connect the earthquake emergency features with their related spatial database. The map layout and map elements are stored in the templates. 2)After earthquake, the earthquake emergency features will be generated from seismic models(such as attenuation model of earthquake magnitude and seismic intensity)or the information obtained from field investigation. 3)Corresponding earthquake emergency map template is selected in accordance with the generated seismic features. And the features are used to update related features inside the selected template. 4)Minor adjustments are made such as to the map scale and some map annotations to finally generate the formal earthquake emergency map. Architecture of template system of the earthquake emergency maps is designed, including map user level, map template level, template layer level and map element level. Regrading to the architecture, the general map template of earthquake emergency is presented which includes four main regions: title region, main picture region, auxiliary region and annotation region. The main picture region is the essential, which lays geographic background maps and earthquake emergency features. Finally, an earthquake emergency mapping system is developed. Based on the system, a case study is presented, which demonstrates making a simulated seismic intensity influence map. From three aspects, the case presents the application of the template-matching method including: generating earthquake emergency features, substituting the features inside the template with the generated features, and revising map annotations. Therefore, the map template matching method is verified so that it can be used to quickly generate various earthquake emergency maps.     

居民出行与轨迹行为交互模式挖掘与关联技术

出租车是居民出行的重要交通工具,其轨迹数据蕴含着丰富的居民出行信息.原始出租车轨迹数据因缺少语义信息无法直观反映居民出行规律.通过轨迹数据挖掘技术处理之后的出租车轨迹数据能够反映居民活动规律和行为模式,从而为城市规划决策提供参考依据.本文重点研究了基于语义的交互模式度量,通过出租车停留点推断其语义信息;然后根据语义信息...     

改进角度纹理特征提取高分辨率遥感影像带状道路

针对目前高分辨率遥感影像的道路自动提取算法研究中的不足,该文提出了一种基于并行角度纹理特征的半自动道路提取算法:用户输入完成道路中心线上的起始点、道路方向、道路宽度等初始化工作,利用并行角度纹理特征获取道路前进方向,用抛物线参数方程构建道路轨迹模型来预测道路轨迹点,使用角度纹理特征值构建的紧质度系数和抛物线的曲率变化来约束道路轨迹点,验证失败则转入手工跟踪;往复执行以提取道路中心线。试验证明,本算法是一种稳健的道路半自动提取算法。     

全息位置地图概念内涵及其关键技术初探

针对在泛在信息与大数据时代下,传统数字地图存在的局限性与面临的挑战,本文在原有概念基础上,拓展了全息位置地图概念内涵,即在泛在网环境下,以位置为纽带动态关联事物或事件的多时态(multitemporal)、多主题(multi-thematic)、多层次(multi-hierarchical)、多粒度(multi-granular)的信息,提供个性化的位置及与位置相关的智能服务平台;基于上述内涵,本文阐述了全息位置地图的重要组成与特征,并就泛在信息获取、语义位置关联和多维动态场景构建与表达等3个方面的关键技术进行了探讨。     

空间信息元数据互操作技术框架研究与实现

从空间信息语义层中的元数据互操作角度出发,讨论适用于空间信息元数据互操作的理论和方法,并提出基于扩展的元数据互操作协议的空间信息元数据互操作理论应用技术框架。     

基于语义规则的高分辨率影像道路交叉口提取方法

为了准确提取遥感影像上道路交叉口目标,提出一种利用特征语义规则从高分辨率影像上提取道路交叉口的方法。该算法构建交叉口模型时将其视为由同质区域像素集合及区域轮廓边界构成的面对象,提取过程分为两步:1)利用辐射、纹理特征语义匹配提取交叉口候选区域;2)通过几何特征语义匹配筛选候选区域、识别交叉口属性。利用多源遥感影像对算法正确性及合理性进行验证,结果表明:算法能准确、完整地提取道路交叉口,可为影像道路网构建提供辅助信息。     

深度图像自动配准点云的方法研究

点云配准是三维激光扫描数据处理过程中不可或缺的一个环节,利用标靶进行配准是经典的手段之一,此类方案在单独扫描标靶的基础上进行半自动化配准。本文给出一种配准策略,利用中心投影原理将单站扫描的点云转换为深度影像,借助数字图像处理技术完成标靶的自动提取,拟合获得标靶中心点的坐标,并借用摄影测量学的知识实现点云的自动化配准。实验证明了本文方法的有效性。     

抗几何攻击的高分辨率遥感影像半盲水印算法

提出了一种可有效抵抗几何攻击的高分辨率遥感影像半盲水印算法。该算法充分考虑了高分辨率遥感影像的特点,在水印嵌入方案中,对原始水印信息进行扩频处理,将水印值与最高有效位进行匹配,生成密钥矩阵,水印嵌入到最高位或次低位,并以二进制方式保存生成的密钥矩阵;在水印提取方案中,采用模板匹配技术提取出最优的水印信息。实验结果表明,该水印方案具有良好的不可见性,并且对影像的裁剪、旋转、平移、加噪、滤波等操作具有较强的鲁棒性。     

基于概率的复杂目标图像语义推理模型

结合本体技术语义表达的优势和Bag Of Words模型的复杂目标图像建模的优势,将复杂目标本体中的本体概念作为随机变量引入到Bag Of Words模型中,提出了基于本体的复杂目标语义推理模型,建立了本体概念同图像的映射关系。通过本体概念在语义网中的推理,得到图像更深层次的语义推理结论,并通过实验验证了此模型的有效性。