空间数据关联规则挖掘的不确定性处理及度量

针对传统空间数据关联规则挖掘缺乏不确定性处理及度量的局限性,将空间数据的不确定性和空间数据挖掘的不确定性有机结合,初步建立了空间数据关联规则挖掘的不确定性处理模型及度量指标,包括空间数据不确定性的Monte Carlo模拟、基于不确定性空间数据的空间自相关度量和关联规则不确定性度量等,并以我国某地区环境调查数据为例进行验证。     

基于Gauss-Chebyshev积分的道路平曲线计算

道路平曲线坐标计算中可能会采用线元法,其中线元类型有直线、圆曲线和缓和曲线。本文采用改进的线元表对平曲线数据进行预处理,讨论了Gauss-Chebyshev积分公式的应用并通过数值计算实验研究了高斯点数量对待定点计算的影响,在此基础上使用Gauss-Chebyshev积分方法和5点改进型GaussChebyshev积分方法解决平曲线计算中的定积分计算问题。为验证Gauss-Chebyshev积分的计算效果,选取某铁路一段平曲线作为计算数据,指定16个临近点作为数值实验对象,实验结果显示反算所得各点里程和偏距与起始给定的数值一致。     

土地利用制图综合中的拓扑关系约束性规则

当前地图自动综合的理论与算法研究已经取得一定的进展,空间拓扑关系对制图综合起到重要的制约作用。土地利用图主要包含图斑、线状地物、零星地类3类图形要素,数据综合的工作量较大。本文结合土地利用现状图综合过程实践,基于点集拓扑交模型的理论与方法,讨论并分析如何根据图斑之间可能的拓扑关系(相离、点相接、外相邻、内相邻),结合语义等约束条件,选择合适的操作算子(如聚合、融合、退化等),抽象出土地利用图中图斑、线状地物综合前后存在的一些拓扑关系约束性规则。研究成果可作为土地利用制图综合前后的拓扑关系检查的一项依据,为综合算法的设计与实现提供一定的参考价值。后续的工作是:进一步完善该规则与算法,进行实验与应用。建议规则库与算法相分离,以保持各自的灵活性和独立性。     

Integrating water management,habitat modelling and water quality at the basin scale and environmental flow assessment: case study of the Tormes River,Spain

Abstract

Multidisciplinary models are useful for integrating different disciplines when addressing water planning and management problems. We combine water resources management, water quality and habitat analysis tools that were developed with the decision support system AQUATOOL at the basin scale. The water management model solves the allocation problem through network flow optimization and considers the environmental flows in some river stretches. Once volumes and flows are estimated, the water quality model is applied. Furthermore, the flows are evaluated from an ecological perspective using time series of aquatic species habitat indicators. This approach was applied in the Tormes River Water System, where agricultural demands jeopardize the environmental needs of the river ecosystem. Additionally, water quality problems in the lower part of the river result from wastewater loading and agricultural pollution. Our methodological framework can be used to define water management rules that maintain water supply, aquatic ecosystem and legal standards of water quality. The integration of ecological and water management criteria in a software platform with objective criteria and heuristic optimization procedures allows realistic assessment and application of environmental flows to be made. Here, we improve the general methodological framework by assessing the hydrological alteration of selected environmental flow regime scenarios.

Editor D. Koutsoyiannis; Guest editor M. Acreman

Citation Paredes-Arquiola, J., Solera, A., Martinez-Capel, F., Momblanch, A., and Andreu, J., 2014. Integrating water management, habitat modelling and water quality at the basin scale and environmental flow assessment: case study of the Tormes River, Spain. Hydrological Sciences Journal, 59 (3–4), 878–889.     

Errors caused by peak factor assumptions in response‐spectrum‐based analyses

The modal combination rules commonly used in response spectrum analyses implicitly assume that the peak factor associated with the response quantity of interest is equal to the peak factors of the contributing modal responses. In this paper, we examine the validity of this assumption and demonstrate that it causes the modal combination rules to over‐represent the contribution of the higher modes of vibration to the total response and under‐represent the contribution of the lower modes. Consequently, a response‐spectrum‐based analysis can yield a biased estimate for the peak value of a response quantity when two or more well‐separated modal frequencies make significant contributions to the total response. To correct this potential bias in response‐spectrum‐based estimates, we develop a procedure for estimating the peak factors that is suitable to the response spectrum analysis calculations commonly used in the current design practice. Examples are presented to demonstrate the proper use and potential impact of the proposed procedure. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

省级国土资源数据中心数据库命名规则研究

在对省级国土资源数据的多业务、多时相,多领域,海量性等特征分析的基础上,依据国家的相关标准与规范,对省级国土资源数据中心数据库分类体系进行了研究,将信息分类编码方法应用于国土资源数据中心数据库的分类编码工作,制订了适用于省级国土资源数据中心的数据库命名编码规则.     

Exploration Potential of Marine Source Rocks Oil-Gas Reservoirs in China

So far,more than 150 marine oil-gas fields have been found onshore and offshore about 350. The marine source rocks are mainly Paleozoic and Mesozoic onshore whereas Tertiary offshore.Three genetic categories of oil-gas reservoirs have been defined for the marine reservoirs in China:primary reservoirs,secondary reservoirs and hydrocarbon-regeneration reservoirs.And three exploration prospects have also been suggested:(1)Primary reservoirs prospects,which are chiefly distributed in many Tertiary basins of the South China Sea(SCS),the Tertiary shelf basins of the East China Sea (ECS)and the Paleozoic of Tarim basin,Sichuan basin and Ordos basin.To explore large-middle-scale even giant oil-gas fields should chiefly be considered in this category reservoirs.These basins are the most hopeful areas to explore marine oil-gas fields in China,among which especially many Tertiary basins of the SCS should be strengthened to explore.(2)Secondary reservoirs prospects,which are mainly distributed in the Paleozoic and Mesozoic of the Tarim basin,Sichuan basin,Qiangtang basin and Chuxiong basin in western China,of which exploration potential is less than that of the primary reservoirs.(3)Hydrocarbon-regeneration reservoirs prospects,which are chiefly distributed in the Bohai Bay basin,North Jiangsu-South Yellow Sea basin,southern North China basin,Jianghan basin, South Poyang basin in eastern China and the Tarim basin in western China,of which source rocks are generally the Paleozoic.And the reservoirs formed by late-stage(always Cenozoic)secondary hydrocarbon generation of the Paleozoic source rocks should mainly be considered to explore,among which middle-small and small oil-gas fields are the chief exploration targets.As a result of higher thermal evolution of Paleozoic and Mesozoic source rocks,the marine reservoirs onshore are mainly gas fields,and so far marine oil fields have only been found in the Tarim basin.No other than establishing corresponding marine oil-gas exploration and development strategy and policy, sufficiently enhancing cognition to the particularity and complexity of China's marine petroleum geology,and applying new thoughts,new theories and new technologies,at the same time tackling some key technologies,it is possible to fast and effectually exploit and utilize the potential huge marine oil-gas resources of China.     

面向对象的高光谱影像目标识别方法

将面向对象影像分析和决策树方法综合应用于高光谱遥感影像的目标提取,在分析待提取地物特征的基础上,总结归纳其特性知识,构建分类规则,设计和实现决策树以完成目标识别。该方法充分应用分割所得到的均质对象的位置、形状、纹理等特征实现了决策规则提取和决策树构建,在应用OMIS和PHI影像进行目标识别的实践中取得了很好的效果。     

基于区划变更的自动编码研究

分析了自动编码技术在GIS和信息共享中的研究现状和应用需求,指出在GIS开发和信息共享中编码自动化和编码动态化是最迫切需要解决的两个问题。根据以上的分析,提出基于区划变更的自动编码体系架构,并以点状要素编码为例做了初步实现,具体介绍了系统中规则定制、编码生成、编码升级三个核心功能的实现。     

Methods for ultimate limit state assessment of ships and ship-shaped offshore structures: Part II stiffened panels

The present paper is Part II of a series of three papers on methods useful for the ultimate limit state assessment of ships and ship-shaped offshore structures. In contrast to Part I [Paik et al., 2007a. Methods for ultimate limit state assessment of ships and ship-shaped offshore structures: Part I unstiffened plates, Ocean Engineering, doi:10.1016/j.oceaneng.2007.08.004] that deals with unstiffened plates, the present paper (Part II) is focused on methods for the ultimate limit state assessment of stiffened plate structures under combined biaxial compression and lateral pressure actions. The object structure is the bottom part of an AFRAMAX-class hypothetical double-hull oil tanker structure designed by IACS common structural rules (CSR) method, that is the same ship studied in Part I. Three candidate methods, namely ANSYS nonlinear finite element method, DNV PULS method, and ALPS/ULSAP method, are employed for the present study. The results and insights developed from the present study are summarized in terms of ultimate strength characteristics of bottom-stiffened plate structures.