高压旋喷法在镇江市南徐路软基处理中的应用

介绍了高压旋喷法在镇江市南徐路软土路基处理中的应用，提出了旋喷桩的施工工艺、质量控制要点，对应用效果作了简要评述。     

地质雷达探测工程的几个问题

地质雷达(GPR)探测技术在浅层地质勘探领域广泛应用,并取得较好的应用效果.文章针对消除干扰的方法、关于防空洞探测、关于公路路面检测和隧道衬砌质量检测、地下岩溶探测等内容进行了探讨.     

东莞市城市现状路网调查与建库

阐述了东莞市城市现状路网调查与建库项目的背景及项目内容,剖析了项目采用的技术路线和工作步骤,最后对项目成果的精度的分析结果表明,成果精度能够满足城乡规划的使用需要。     

Interplay between an axial channel belt,slope gullies and overbank deposition in the Puchkirchen Formation in the Molasse Basin,Austria

Deep‐water sediments in the Molasse Basin, Austria, were deposited in a narrow foreland basin dominated by a large channel belt located between the steep Alpine fold and thrust belt to the south and the gentler northern slope off the Bohemian Massif. Several gas fields occur outside the channel belt, along the outer bend of a large meander. Accumulation of these overbank sediments reflects a complicated interplay between slope accommodation and debris‐flow and turbidity‐flow interaction within the channel. The tectonically oversteepened northern slope of the basin (ca 2 to 3°) developed a regionally important erosional surface, the Northern Slope Unconformity, which can be traced seismically for >100 km in an east–west direction and >20 km from the channel to the north. The slope preserves numerous gullies sourced from the north that eroded into the channel belt. These gullies were ca 20 km long, <1 km wide and ca 200 m deep. As the channel aggraded, largely inactive and empty gullies served as entry points into the overbank area for turbidity currents within the axial channel. Subsequently, debris‐flow mounds, 7 km wide and >15 km long, plugged and forced the main channel to step abruptly ca 7 km to the south. This resulted in development of an abrupt turn in the channel pathway that propagated to the east and probably played a role in forming a sinuous channel later. As debris‐flow topography was healed, flows spread out onto narrow area between the main channel and northern slope forming a broad fine‐grained apron that serves as the main gas reservoir in this area. This model of the overbank splay formation and the resulting stratigraphic architecture within the confined basin could be applied in modern and ancient systems or for subsurface hydrocarbon reservoirs where three‐dimensional seismic‐reflection data is limited. This study elucidates the geomorphology of the oversteepened slope of the under‐riding plate and its effects on the sedimentation.     

序贯高斯模拟在矿石品位估计中的应用研究

随机模拟是地质统计方法的重要内容。在矿石品位估计方法中克里格方法作为一种无偏估计方法,常被用于矿石品位的估计。但克里格法估值存在平滑效应。作者在分析序贯高斯模拟和普通克里格法基本原理的基础上,运用序贯高斯模拟方法和普通克里格方法对某铁矿体内全铁(TFe)品位进行估计,给出了品位估计结果模型。研究从勘探线方向、垂直勘探线方向和竖直方向分别计算变差函数,对球状模型、指数模型、高斯模型的变差函数拟合效果进行了优选,结果表明球型模型拟合效果最好。针对序贯模拟和克里格品位估值效果进行了分析,结果显示:序贯高斯模拟结果在品位分布形态上更接近样品品位分布形态,其平滑效应更小;克里格方法估计与序贯高斯模拟方法相比仅在品位均值方面更接近样本品位均值。因此,认为序贯高斯模拟方法可以更好地刻画矿体内品位分布状态。     

矿区尺度的品位-吨位模型研究探讨——以崤山金矿区为例

矿床品位-吨位模型属于矿床统计模型,是矿产资源潜力评价的重要组成部分。依据河南省陕县金矿储量核查成果数据,选取崤山金矿区为研究对象,利用SPSS软件及Excel对全矿区75个金矿矿体块段品位、吨位数据进行频率分布分析与处理,然后进行P-P图及Q-Q图正态检验,建立了矿体块段品位模型、吨位模型、品位-吨位联合模型。总结了崤山金矿区矿体块段品位及吨位分布的典型数学地质特征,并探讨了品位-吨位模型在该矿区资源预测评价中的作用,为今后矿区的地质工作提供指导。     

乌力吉木仁河三级区水资源变异及归因分析

随着气候变化和人类活动对水资源影响越来越显著,大量水文序列的统计规律不再满足一致性要求而出现了变异。水资源日益重要的社会地位,要求在对水文变异进行检测的同时,需进一步量化影响其变异的因素,但目前归因分析的研究仍以定性或半定量为主。由于降雨和径流是水循环中关键的水文要素,且分别可以反映气候变化和人类活动对水资源的影响,利用降雨-径流关系提出了定量研究水资源变异的归因分析方法。结合乌力吉木仁河三级区1956~2000的年径流和年降雨序列,在对其分别进行变异诊断的基础上,定量地分析了造成该区水文变异的原因。计算结果表明:气候变化对乌力吉木仁河三级区水资源变异的贡献率为24%,而人类活动影响的贡献率为76%,可见人类活动是造成该区水资源变异的主要因素。     

多年冻土地区砂砾路面路堤临界高度数值分析

In permafrost regions of Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau, the critical embankment height must be considered in the process of the construction of highway, especially for the global climatic warming. In this paper, the two-dimensional numerical analysis for the critical embankment height (for gravel road surface and coarse-grained soil) has been performed by using thefinite element method. In the calculation, we think that the service life of the construction is at least 50 years. The mean annual air temperatures applied to the calculation model are -6.5 ℃, -6.0 ℃, -5.5 ℃, -5.0 ℃, -4.5 ℃ and -4.0 ℃, respectively, and the value of temperature rise are taken as 1.10℃ in the coming 50 years. The minimum embankment heights derived from the analysis are 0.85 m, 0.92 m, 1.01 m, 1.18 m, 1.60 m and 2.66 m for the different mean annual air temperatures and the maximum embankment heights are 7.68 m,7.55 m, 7.34 m, 7.00 m, 6.45 m and 5.85m, accordingly. On condition that the service life of embankment is 50 years, the critical value of the mean annual air temperature is -3.5 ℃. Namely, in the areas where the mean annual air temperature is higher than -3.5 ℃, the critical embankment height does not exist.     

枪马金矿金品位统计分布特征及其地质意义

地质变量的变化与地质体的特征密切相关,通过地质变量的研究可以揭示地质体某一特征的规律性。多次地质事件的数理统计特征表现为多个总体叠加的混合分布,因此通过研究混合分布和单一分布的特征,对矿床的矿化成因、矿化过程和矿化特征认识有指导意义。研究发现,枪马金矿的金品位主要由2个对数正态分布总体叠加而成,并对应于本区2次主要的成矿事件。对金的特征参数垂直空间上的研究表明,金矿化强度向深部逐渐增高,深部找矿远景很大。     

相山铀矿田磷灰石与富矿形成的关系

本文系统研究了相山火山热液型铀矿田磷灰石与富铀矿床形成之间的关系。研究表明：该区富矿石中铀含量与五氧化二磷含量呈正相关关系;电子探针揭示富铀矿体中铀矿物周围有大量磷灰石存在,磷灰石在富铀矿石中以两种形式产出：一种是结晶自纯的晶体磷灰石;另一种是胶体磷灰石,后者与铀矿化关系密切。笔者在调研了磷、铀地球化学性质相似性及磷灰石沉淀的物理化学条件的基础上提出：胶体共沉淀是导致本区富铀矿形成的主要原因。