我国藻菌生物成因的金矿研究

生物成矿作用分为生物直接成矿作用和生物间接成矿作用,生物直接成矿作用的标志结构为生物有机胶体结构。生物间接成矿作用的标志结构为“矿交代生物”结构,我国陕西二台子－半仓沟金矿,四川东北寨金矿、川甘拉尔玛金矿和云南金厂金矿等均为典型为实例,矿石中普遍含有多种金属矿物生物结构,还含多种生物有机组分。成矿物质具有多源性特征,硫同位素具混合型特征,矿床成型机制可与“人工碳吸附系统”聚金机制相类比,含金层位可     

安山岩中黄铜矿矿石分析和制硫酸铜工艺的研究

安山岩中的黄铜矿是庐江中生代陆相火山热液型铜矿床的原生矿，矿石中主要伴生黄铁矿及少量斑铜矿、赤铁矿和褐铁矿。物相分析结果，黄铜矿的粒度很细，只有细磨才能单体解离；它在矿石中分布极不均匀，且与脉石矿物接触疏松，适于粗磨抛尾。物性分析结果，黄铜矿在４００～５３０℃、斑铜矿在４５０～６００℃、黄铁矿在５００～６８０℃氧化分解。实验研究表明，矿石经磨碎磁选，大部分的粗粒级的铁矿物能够回收；粗磨抛尾可获得铜、硫的粗精矿；然后再经硫酸化焙烧、酸浸、过滤、提纯、浓缩结晶可制得工业级硫酸铜。浸渣做炼铁原料，黄钾铁矾做Ｆｅ２Ｏ３颜料，有时还可回收金、银。     

灰岩成因-结构分类的进展及其相关问题讨论

由Folk在1959，1962年及Dunham在1962年所提出的灰岩因－结构分类体系，具有划时代的意义，至今还得到极为广泛的应用，Embry和Klovan在1971年关于生物礁灰岩的成因－结构分类，即关于骨架灰岩，障积灰岩，粘结灰岩的成因－结构分类的第一次重要的补充，它解决了与生物作用有关的灰岩不符合Folk和Dunham的结构成熟度概念的矛盾，而对成岩作用及其产物的更深入研究，地质学家们发现了许多布成岩作用形成的泥晶化作用和颗粒化作用，由它们所形成的岩石也不符合Folk和Dunbam的结构成熟度概念，导致了Wright在1992年提出了一个更完整的灰岩成因－结构分类体系，把灰岩分为生物作用类，沉积作用类及成岩作用类三大类，即Folk和Dumban描述的分类均属于沉积作用类。要特别指出的是，在从松散沉积物到已石化的竖硬石头的成岩过程中，不但灰岩的结构会发生变化，而且组分也会发生变化，从而使灰岩的成因－结构分类变得更加复杂，关于这方面还存在许多有待进一步研究的问题。在审视Wright在1992年的分类体系时，有必要在沉积作用类中增加“非正常沉积作用亚类灰岩”，针对许多非礁相地层中发育的由生物礁岩石构成的生物层及生物丘，因而有必要对生物作用灰灰岩进行更进一步的分类。     

柯树北岩体岩石谱系单位的建立及构造环境分析

柯树北岩体为陆壳改造型（S型）花岗岩，具有结构和成分演化序列，运用岩石结构列序法，将其划分为6个单元，归并为1个超单位，按侵入体空间展布形式，岩体地质学，岩石学，构造地球化学等资料，提出了岩浆侵位是受区域拉张应力控制的认识。     

河南嵩县香春沟石英脉型钼矿的矿石及地球化学特征

香春沟钼矿床是河南省新发现的唯一中型石英脉型钼矿床.主要矿石类型为石英脉型钼矿石,具有超酸高钾的特点,矿石构造结构简单,矿区有用矿物主要是辉钼矿,其粒度细小,不易与脉石分离.文章通过分析区内元素的地球化学特征,为寻找该类型钼矿床提供参考.     

Texture Segmentation Based on Image Model and Neural Network

INTRODUCTIoNImagetextureanalysisisanimportantpartofresearchin-tocomputervision.Forobjectidentificationandunderstand-ing,textureanalysisisthebasisoftheresearchwork.Ingeneral,texturecanberegardedasakindofstructurethatconsistsofmanytextureelementsorpatternswhicharemoreorlesssimilar,i.e.,primitivesthatformtexturesandspatialdependenceorinteractionbetweentheprimitives.Ex-tensiveresearchhasbeendoneintextureanalysis,andrefer-ence(Haralick,l979)hasmadeathoroughsurvey.Amongthesetextureanalysismetho…     

Characterization of an Area Polluted by Copper and Zinc:the Relation between Soil Texture,Mineralogy and Pollutant Concentration

Abstract: Twenty-four soil samples were collected at three depths from an approximately 2.5 acre contaminated site in southern Piedmont (Italy) and then analyzed. The main soil parameters determined were: pH, Cation Exchange Capacity (CEC), particle size distribution, total organic carbon (TOC) content and retained metal concentration. The mineral phases were identified by X-Ray Powder Diffraction (XRPD). All of the samples contained Zn and Cu resulting from industrial contamination during the last century, and those obtained at depths of 20-40 cm consistently showed the highest levels. To determine which size fraction was most active in the retention process, the samples were separated into four fractions (≤2 mm, ≤63 μm, ≤30 μm and ≤2 μm) and the amount of pollutant measured in each. It was found that metal retention was the highest in the clayey fraction, whose clay minerals were identified by XRPD after K+ and Mg2+ saturation, glycerol treatment and heating to 550°C. The clayey fraction was also the richest in TOC, and a direct correlation between TOC amount and metal retention was observed.     

From geometry to dynamics of microstructure: using boundary lengths to quantify boundary misorientations and anisotropy

The microstructure of a quartzite experimentally deformed and partially recrystallised at 900 °C, 1.2 GPa confining pressure and strain rate 10⁻⁶/s was investigated using orientation contrast and electron backscatter diffraction (EBSD). Boundaries between misoriented domains (grains or subgrains) were determined by image analysis of orientation contrast images. In each domain, EBSD measurements gave the complete quartz lattice orientation and enabled calculation of misorientation angles across every domain boundary. Results are analysed in terms of the boundary density, which for any range of misorientations is the boundary length for that range divided by image area. This allows a more direct comparison of misorientation statistics between different parts of a sample than does a treatment in terms of boundary number.The strain in the quartzite sample is heterogeneous. A 100×150 μm low-strain partially recrystallised subarea C was compared with a high-strain completely recrystallised subarea E. The density of high-angle (>10°) boundaries in E is roughly double that in C, reflecting the greater degree of recrystallisation. Low-angle boundaries in C and E are produced by subgrain rotation. In the low-angle range 0–10° boundary densities in both C and E show an exponential decrease with increasing misorientation. The densities scale with exp(−θ/λ) where λ is approximately 2° in C and 1° in E; in other words, E has a comparative dearth of boundaries in the 8–10° range. We explain this dearth in terms of mobile high-angle boundaries sweeping through and consuming low-angle boundaries as the latter increase misorientation through time. In E, the density of high-angle boundaries is larger than in C, so this sweeping would have been more efficient and could explain the relative paucity of 8–10° boundaries.The boundary density can be generalised to a directional property that gives the degree of anisotropy of the boundary network and its preferred orientation. Despite the imposed strain, the analysed samples show that boundaries are not, on average, strongly aligned. This is a function of the strong sinuosity of high-angle boundaries, caused by grain boundary migration. Low-angle boundaries might be expected, on average, to be aligned in relation to imposed strain but this is not found.Boundary densities and their generalisation in terms of directional properties provide objective measures of microstructure. In this study the patterns they show are interpreted in terms of combined subgrain rotation and migration recrystallisation, but it may be that other microstructural processes give distinctive patterns when analysed in this fashion.     

Weathering: Toward a Fractal Quantifying

Weathering occurs over a wide range of scales. To link features through these scales is a major challenge for interdisciplinary weathering studies. Fractal approach seems to be specially useful for this purpose. We introduce a multistep fractal weathering assessment scheme devoted to extract fractal weathering classifiers from texture analysis of the mineral's image. Our scheme enables to quantitatively estimate the global and local information about the geometry of the weathering pattern. This information is basic to develop geometrical indices of weathering, which can significantly enrich the common qualitative and semiquantitative weathering assessment schemes. To justify the fractal approach, a strong statistical self-similarity has been documented for both the weathering and fresh features of two common silica minerals: quartz and biogenic A-opal (phytolith) over four orders of length scales. The procedure is fast, drastically reduces thresholding bias, promises to be universal, it is valid for genetically different minerals and rock types, scale independent, and specially useful for monitoring the changes in the mineral's roughness during the alteration. Two of the proposed classifiers seem to be potentially useful for direct application in the field and be used by nonspecialist.     

湖北宜昌石板溪金矿区断层空间结构及其控矿规律研究

断层空间结构包括变形结构和几何结构两部分。本文在解析石板溪金矿区主要断层变形结构和几何结构的基础上，探讨了其空间结构模式和控矿规律。