基于与环境相协调的韧性海岸工程建设策略

对于海岸工程所遇到的自然灾害,仅以加大结构尺度与结构强度的传统方法应对是不可取的。改变传统理念,通过改善工程与环境的关系,提高工程韧性是较合理的选择。韧性海岸工程以工程系统与环境相协调,具有吸收和适应自然力、灾害情况下维持其功能以及灾后可快速恢复的能力为特征。针对港口工程、海岸及港口防护工程建设提出了韧性工程实施策略及方法。以韧性工程理念对港口规划与平面布置、复杂环境下的码头结构及航道工程设计提出优化原则与方案。海岸及港口防护工程可采用多重防护、吸收性防护、变形型防护及生态型防护等类型,以改善工程与环境的适应性,增强工程韧性。     

渭河上游水利水保措施的减水减沙效应分析

依据渭河上游实测水文资料和水利水保措施统计数据, 分析了流域水文要素和水利水保措施的变化规律。根据双累积曲线、 有序聚类、 Lee-Heghinan、 滑动T检验等方法, 结合流域内水利水保措施的变化, 将研究期分为基准期（1956 - 1981年）和措施期（1982 - 2016年）。采用水量平衡法, 分析还原了河流天然径流量和输沙量, 评价了水利工程取用耗水的减水减沙作用; 分别建立拟合了基准期和措施期年径流量、 年输沙量与年降水量的相关公式, 分析计算了措施期的减水减沙效应。结果表明： 基准期主要为水利工程减水减沙, 分别减水6.8%, 减沙3.9%; 措施期综合减水效应42.9%, 综合减沙效应76.5%, 水保措施减水减沙效应大于水利工程减水减沙效应, 综合减沙效应大于综合减水效应。     

Statistical evaluation of fluoride contamination in groundwater resources of Santiago del Estero Province,Argentina

This study investigates the suitability of statistical techniques for evaluating the fluoride content and the groundwater quality from Robles Department (RD) and Banda Department (BD) in Santiago del Estero (Argentina). For the original statistical study, evaluation of nine parameters (fluoride, pH, conductivity, atmospheric and water temperature, total dissolved solids, chloride, hardness, and alkalinity) of 110 collected underground water samples from 23 dispersed rural areas was proposed. Groundwater samples were obtained by sampling taken from wells at different depths. Fluoride levels were determined by a standard colorimetric method in two seasonal periods, the dry (from April to September) and rainy (from October to March) period. The analytical results obtained for physicochemical parameters such as pH, total dissolved solids (TDS), and temperature does not reveal any notable difference between the rainy and dry seasons studied. In both seasons, the atmospheric temperature average was 22 ​°C. With respect to fluoride content, approximately 50% of the analysed groundwater samples exceeded the limit established by current legislation (1.0 ​mg/L), obtaining concentration levels in the range of 0.01–2.80 ​mg/L. This study demonstrates the usefulness of the univariate statistical method (quartiles calculation, interquartile range IQR), multivariate principal component analysis (PCA), and cluster analysis to establish a better understanding of the state of the contamination of the waters in the region studied.     

日照奎山地区生态地质环境现状与保护

本文简要论述了日照市奎山地区生态地质环境主要因子的特征。对海水入侵、水质污染、海岸带开发、采石对地质地貌景观的破坏等主要环境地质问题的现状、产生和危害进行了阐述。选取土壤、工程地质、地下水、地下水水力坡度、第四系厚度和植被6种因子进行了生态地质环境质量评价,将研究区分为良好区、较好区和较差区。在此基础上,根据生态地质环境条件和主要环境地质问题的分布,进一步将研究区划分为7个适宜性小区,并分别提出生态地质环境保护与治理建议。     

Maintaining a balance between resource utilisation and protection of the marine environment in New Zealand

New Zealand's brief history of human habitation has led to widespread and often irreversible change in the biophysical environment. Most of the wetlands were drained and de-forestation led to major gully and channel erosions and high amounts of sediment yield in the estuarine and marine environments. The scale of land-based effects on marine species is indeterminable. The legislation for managing the land–sea interface is widely acknowledged as having fallen short of its full potential. After the 2008 general election the new government commenced review of this legislation while consideration was given to ‘unlocking New Zealand's energy potential’ as a key component to an export-led economic recovery. The government is promoting oil, gas and mineral exploration on land and at sea. The government is also enacting boundaries that extend continental shelf jurisdiction. These developments may lead to further progress on an integrated system that covers all aspects of marine management that began in 2000. In any case, New Zealanders face important decisions regarding the tradeoffs between further resource utilisation and environmental protection. This article contributes to the discussion on integrated management to maintain a balance between utilisation and protection and does not reflect the view of the Ministry of Fisheries.     

中国红树林资源状况及其药用研究调查 Ⅱ.资源现状、保护与管理

对中国红树林物种组成、资源状况和分布特征进行了调查和评价.结果表明,中国红树林天然分布南界为海南三亚(18°12′N),北界为福建福鼎(27°20′N)(人工引种北界为浙江乐清28°25′N).中国红树林区系有红树植物20科26属37种.广东、广西和海南沿海是中国红树林的主要分布地区.近50 年来,红树林面积先是锐减(1950年,48 266 hm2;1997年,14 877 hm2),2000年后略有回升(2002年,22 024.9 hm2;2008年,23 081.5 hm2).合理评估红树林湿地生态效价,完善红树林保护区制度,推进红树林湿地生态修复工程,构建红树林湿地保护网络系统,是中国红树林资源保护性开发利用的可行对策.     

信息化建设中信息安全的定位和构筑策略

信息安全事件的不断增多使得在信息化建设中信息安全受到越来越多的重视。如何在信息化建设中更好的规划和应用信息安全,确保信息化建设的成功是本文关注的重点。本文从技术和管理两个方面对信息安全涉及到的内容进行了阐述,并结合信息系统等级保护,探讨了在信息化建设中如何从宏观和微观两个角度进行信息安全建设。     

山东沂蒙山国家地质公园遗迹资源特点及保护

沂蒙山地质公园以蒙山为主体,由9大园区组成,是一个多种地质遗迹资源并存、综合性的大型地质公园。园区内既有代表性的地质构造剖面、独特的地质地貌景观,又有恐龙足迹化石、地质灾害遗迹,同时还是金刚石的典型产地。该文在对区内主要地质遗迹资源分析评价的基础上,提出了地质遗迹保护内容及保护措施,对该区地质遗迹合理保护开发起到一定指导作用。     

昌邑市生态地质环境保护对策

昌邑市位于山东省北部莱州湾南岸,南北狭长,南部为丘陵,中部和北部为平原,潍河纵贯南北。在查明市域内各种生态环境地质问题的基础上,将昌邑市划分为4个生态地质环境保护区和1个生态地质环境保护带,针对各区存在的主要问题,提出了不同的保护对策。     

高平4水平井组双保钻井液技术

高平4井组水平井主要用于开发安塞长10组油藏。针对该井组上部直罗组和富县组易坍塌、下部地层钻速相对较慢、地层易造浆的特点,研究应用了环保型聚硅酸盐-黄胞胶钻井液体系。该体系具有抑制性强、润滑和剪切稀释性好的特点,有利于安全快速钻井,对环境污染极小。通过小型配浆实验确定钻井液施工方案,中测后稀释钻井液,降低钻井液滤失量和密度,加强固相控制,使用保护油层的酸溶性暂堵剂和降滤失剂,可最大限度地保护油层。