具有稳健初值的选权迭代法曲面拟合模型粗差探测

将抗差估计的思想融入到二次曲面模型粗差探测的算法中,设计出对模型误差特别是粗差具有抵抗能力的粗差探测算法。稳健初值的选权迭代法即为抗差估计的一种,首先是通过线性规划的单纯形解法来计算观测值的残差,然后再根据残差和有关的参数,按所选择的权函数,计算每个观测值的权,经过迭代计算求得观测值的残差。通过实例证明,具有稳健初值的选权迭代法具有较强的稳健性和粗差探测能力。     

Empirical modeling of plate load test moduli of soil via gene expression programming

New empirical models were developed to predict the soil deformation moduli using gene expression programming (GEP). The principal soil deformation parameters formulated were secant (E_s) and reloading (E_r) moduli. The proposed models relate E_s and E_r obtained from plate load-settlement curves to the basic soil physical properties. The best GEP models were selected after developing and controlling several models with different combinations of the influencing parameters. The experimental database used for developing the models was established upon a series of plate load tests conducted on different soil types at depths of 1–24 m. To verify the applicability of the derived models, they were employed to estimate the soil moduli of a part of test results that were not included in the analysis. The external validation of the models was further verified using several statistical criteria recommended by researchers. A sensitivity analysis was carried out to determine the contributions of the parameters affecting E_s and E_r. The proposed models give precise estimates of the soil deformation moduli. The E_s prediction model provides considerably better results in comparison with the model developed for E_r. The simplified formulation for E_s significantly outperforms the empirical equations found in the literature. The derived models can reliably be employed for pre-design purposes.     

基于AutoCAD的房产基础测绘成图软件设计与实现

房产基础测绘为城市房产管理提供最基础的地理信息数据。为满足单位开展房产基础测绘工作的需要,针对房产基础测绘的规范要求,设计实现了一套以AutoCAD为开发平台的房产基础测绘成图软件。该文重点介绍了软件开发过程中的绘图菜单设计、图形图例符号绘制及相应的绘图程序开发工作。     

Agricultural effluent control under uncertainty: An inexact double-sided fuzzy chance-constrained model

An inexact double-sided fuzzy chance-constrained programming (IDFCCP) method was developed in this study and applied to an agricultural effluent control management problem. IDFCCP was formulated through incorporating interval linear programming (ILP) into a double-sided fuzzy chance-constrained programming (DFCCP) framework, and could be used to deal with uncertainties expressed as not only possibility distributions associated with both left- and right-hand-side components of constraints but also discrete intervals in the objective function. The study results indicated that IDFCCP allowed violation of system constraints at specified confidence levels, where each confidence level consisted of two reliability scenarios. This could lead to model solutions with high system benefits under acceptable risk magnitudes. Furthermore, the introduction of ILP allowed uncertain information presented as discrete intervals to be communicated into the optimization process, such that a variety of decision alternatives can be generated by adjusting the decision-variable values within their intervals. The proposed model could help decision makers establish various production patterns with cost-effective water quality management schemes under complex uncertainties, and gain in-depth insights into the trade-offs between system economy and reliability.     

基于执行依赖启发式动态规划的船舶减摇鳍在线最优控制

针对船舶线性横摇系统,设计了一种基于执行依赖启发式动态规划（ADHDP）方法的在线学习最优减摇鳍控制器.在设计过程中直接使用输入输出数据获取系统状态值.利用评价网络来逼近针对船舶减摇鳍控制系统设计的性能指标函数,并通过执行网络获得最优控制律,这两个网络都是多层前馈神经网络,即反向传播（BP）神经网络.在训练过程中,这两个神经网络不仅可以使用实时测量数据,也可以减少船舶横摇模型的内部误差和不确定性干扰的影响,从而提高系统的鲁棒性.最后,仿真结果表明所提出的ADHDP控制器对于降低船舶横摇有很好的控制效果.     

耦合长期预报的跨流域引水受水水库调度模型

为提高跨流域引水工程受水水库引水有效性,研究了耦合长期径流预报信息的跨流域引水受水水库调度模型。首先选取汛期径流预报信息,采用径流预报概率修正先验概率来描述径流的不确定性,建立了贝叶斯随机动态规划模型(BSDP-LTF)。然后将模型应用于碧流河水库,并与仅考虑径流相关的随机动态规划模型(SDP-I)、仅考虑长期预报信息的随机动态规划模型(SDP-LTF)进行比较。比较结果得出在供水保证率基本一致且不增加调度风险的情况下,BSDP-LTF模型相比SDP-I、SDP-LTF模型,可分别减少引水8.2%、4.1%。表明贝叶斯随机动态规划模型BSDP-LTF有效改进了径流描述,提高了跨流域引水的有效性。     

局部区域模型重力异常快速算法

地球重力场位系数模型可以用于计算局部重力扰动场元。然而随着地球重力场模型阶次的提高、局域重力场计算范围的增大,其计算速度往往不能满足工程需求。针对这一问题,在对位系数模型泰勒级数展开的基础上提出了采用向量运算、混合编程的方法,同时对连带勒让德函数Belikov递推方法中与经纬度无关的量进行了预先计算,有效提高了计算速度。提出的方法对于利用超高阶次重力场模型快速解算大范围、高分辨率重力场元数据以及累加求和计算具有一定的参考与借鉴意义。     

地下水资源系统多目标管理模型与模糊带权二次规划方法

本文以济南地下水资源系统保泉供水管理课题为例,分析研究地下水资源系统多目标管理问题。首先建立起地下水资源系统多目标管理模型;然后利用模糊数学理论和权重概念,提出一种求解多目标决策问题的模糊带权二次规划方法,此方法可以同时解决互为竞争、互为矛盾的各目标之间的不可公度性和主次性问题。实际计算表明,所建立的模型和提出的方法具有较强的实用性和通用性。     

水-岩作用的线性规划模型与应用研究——以溪洛渡水电工程为例

采用水-岩作用热力学模拟的方法,以溪洛渡水电站工程为实例,从水化学方面对坝区复杂水文地质条件作了定量分析评价。研究成果充分反映了水-岩作用这种物理化学反应的结果,同时也为正确评价溪洛渡水电站复杂水文地质条件提供了可靠的依据。     

水电站水库群模糊优化调度模型与目标协调－模糊规划法

利用大系统和模糊数学规划理论与方法,分析和探讨了水电站水库群模糊优化调度问题,建立了水电站水库群模糊优化调度模型,提出一种目标协调-模糊规划(IB-FP)法.理论分析和实例计算表明,所建立的模糊优化调度模型和提出的IB-FP法是可行和有效的.