一次成功的专题研讨会:“多成因的软沉积物变形构造及地震岩”

“多成因的软沉积物变形构造及地震岩”专题研讨会,2016年9月24日在河南焦作河南理工大学承办的第14届全国古地理学及沉积学学术会议期间召开。国内多位专家出席这次研讨会,对软沉积物变形构造、地震岩、震积岩等问题进行讨论和争鸣。这是一次十分成功的研讨会,其主要成果是: (1)“多成因的软沉积物变形构造”已为广大地质学家接受。(2)赛拉赫(Seilacher,1969)提出的“地震岩”(seismites)的定义,即“具断层—粒序的岩层可定为地震岩”,应该废弃;但现在为广大地质学家所接受的地震岩的定义,即“地震岩是真正由地震引起的具软沉积物变形构造的岩层”,则不应废弃,可以保留下来。(3)“地震岩”这个术语应严格地限制在真正由地震引起的具软沉积物变形构造的岩层。(4)“震积岩”是一个误译的术语,不宜继续使用。如果有的地质学家想继续使用这个术语,应对这个术语重新定义,并指明它不是“seismites”(地震岩)的中文译名。(5)碎屑注入体也是多成因的,它不一定是地震岩,更不一定是“原地地震”的标志。(6)本次研讨会的最重要的成果是中国软沉积物变形构造及地震岩研究中的“几乎是一个观点”的局面开始被扭转过来了,呈现出了“百花齐放和百家争鸣”的学术气氛。     

测量实习效果模糊综合评价模型及应用

指出了传统测量实习效果评价方法的不足之处,根据测量实习效果评价的模糊性,建立了测量实习效果模糊综合评价模型,并应用于教学实践.     

Stop making sense: the trials and tribulations of qualitative data analysis

An account is given of a research project with particular attention to the place of data analysis and interpretation. It shines some light into what often remains the black box of qualitative research practice, the mysterious process of generating a research narrative based on the data. The paper provides other apprentice researchers with an insight into what the data analytical experience can be like, warts and all. It raises issues to do with qualitative data analysis, the use of CAQDAS, grounded theory, the relationship between the narratives of the researcher and the researched, and about the training of qualitative researchers.     

Evaluation of codified elastic design spectrum models for regions of low-to-moderate seismicity

Design spectrum (DS) model is typically specified in a seismic code of practice for structural design. In a region of low-to-moderate seismicity where seismic code does not exist, a DS model in a well established code of practice is usually adopted, while the suitability of such model has seldom been evaluated. In this article, the elastic DS models for reference (rock) site stipulated in six major codes of practice (AS1170.4–2007, EN1998-1:2004, GB50011–2010, IBC–2012, NBCC–2010 and NZS1170.5:2004) have been compared and scrutinized. Three cities of low-to-moderate seismicity, namely, Melbourne (Australia), Hong Kong (China) and Karlsruhe (Germany), have been selected for illustrative purposes. Particular emphasis has been put on the parameterization scheme for DS model. It is found that huge discrepancies (over 100%) exist among the models, especially at the long period range, due to differences in spectral shapes and the recommended corner periods, which would lead to undesirable effects on the use of the displacement-based seismic design approach. It is urged that the values of corner periods should be determined specifically and cautiously based on the regional seismicity pattern and local geological conditions.     

GIS专业的Java程序设计教学改革初探

Java语言的独特优势促使其在GIS专业教学中起到越来越重要的作用。本文分析了GIS专业教学中Java程序设计课程教学存在的问题,结合武汉理工大学GIS专业的Java程序设计课程的改革实践,提出了总体的改革思路,并从教学、实践、考核等几个方面提出了具体的改革要求和内容。该门课程的教学改革能推动GIS专业的Java程序设计语言的学习,提高学生的实践动手能力和解决GIS专业问题的能力。同时,该教学改革模式对兄弟院校的GIS专业程序设计语言方面的教学实践能起到相应的借鉴作用。     

开源软件辅助下“微波遥感”实践教学改革与探索

针对“微波遥感”教学中存在的学生动手能力差、实践能力培养欠缺等问题,探索利用开源软件进行实践教学辅助的教学改革。分析了开源软件在实验教学中的优缺点,介绍了微波遥感中常用的开源软件及主要功能。在此基础上,构建了一套开源软件辅助下的“微波遥感”实践教学项目,建立了标准实验数据集,编写了实验指导材料,并通过百度云盘等方式实现了网络共享。通过教学改革,拓展了学生的实践教学途径,提高了学生的实践动手能力及微波遥感数据处理能力。     

行业高校测绘卓越工程师多元化培养模式构建研究与实践

“测绘卓越工程师教育培养计划”是《国家中长期教育改革和发展规划纲要》高等教育改革和发展中具有战略性意义的一项重要任务。本文紧抓人才培养模式创新的关键性要素作为切入点,创建了一套行业需求为导向的测绘工程专业卓越人才培养体系,搭建“高工程素质、强实践能力”的人才培养模式,完善专业课程体系,加强师资队伍建设,强化多元实践教学,构筑创新实践平台,着力提高学生的工程意识、工程素质和工程实践能力。     

新一代高速对向观测数字水准尺仪的发明与实践

水准测量一直是获得地面点精密高差的重要手段,其测量速度慢、效率低也一直是困扰全球测量界的一大难题。为了提高水准测量的速度和效率,本文提出了新一代高速对向观测数字水准尺仪的概念、结构、原理与方法。具体采用水准仪与标尺合二为一的一体化结构设计,将传统水准测量的3点互动配置改变为2点互动配置来提高测站仪器安置速度和地形适应能力;采用对偶测量原理将传统水准测量的单向单系统测量改变为对（双）向双系统测量来提高水准测量的精度及可靠性;采用正交二脚架及L型水准器来提高水准标尺及水准仪的安平速度。理论分析及初步实践表明：新一代高速对向观测数字水准尺仪与传统水准仪相比,水准测量效率可提高1倍以上,是目前世界上最快速、最智能、最精密的电子水准测量系统。高速对向观测数字水准尺仪的发明,将对全球大地及工程测量界产生重大及颠覆性的影响,将开启人类社会普及电子水准仪的新时代。     

Public Targets,Private Choices: Urban Climate Governance in the Pacific Northwest

A survey of local governments participating in two urban climate change programs is presented to determine the mechanisms used to reach emissions reduction goals and the motivations for participation. Results support previous research that shows a preference for policies that rely on changes in individual behavior, while also providing new insights into how mitigation responsibilities are distributed among the public and private sector and the relative importance of scientific consensus, economic incentives, and federal inaction on local government justification for climate-related policies. The article concludes with a discussion of urban climate governance as part of a wider system of neoliberal climate governance.     

Rapid generation of Digital Elevation Models from topographic maps

Abstract

In this article we demonstrate that substantial gains in time can be made when using point sampling rather than contour line digitising for generation of Digital Elevation Models (DEMs). A simple sampling scheme, based on regularly distributed points, was used supplemented with points near break-lines in the terrain. An evaluation of surfaces created with three different interpolation methods at three different resolutions shows that the statistical distribution was better when using points as opposed to contours, and that the accuracy was comparable despite the much smaller amount of input data.