基于最小能耗的海洋浮式平台位置轨迹优化

【目的】研究解决海洋大惯量浮式平台在复杂海况影响下所引起的振动冲击问题。【方法】采用逆运动学分析方法对平台回转位置进行优化研究,提出一种基于关节最小耗能的多目标轨迹优化算法。采用分段样条插值方法构造关节位置曲线,并建立关节能耗轨迹优化模型,采用粒子群算法实现对关节位置的优化搜索,从而得到基于平台转动最小耗能的位置优化轨迹。【结果与结论】所采用的轨迹优化方法能有效改善系统运行的平滑性,降低回转机构振动与冲击的影响程度,可为平台的振动与冲击主动控制提供必要的理论依据。     

遥感影像亮度和反差分布不均匀性校正算法的效果比较

提出能同时消除亮度和反差分布不均匀现象的分块均值方差变换法, 重点对插值匀光法、MASK 匀光 法、同态滤波匀光法、Retinex 匀光法以及分块均值方差变换法的校正效果进行了实验比较。研究表明: 分块均值 方差变换法既能消除亮度分布不均匀现象, 又能消除反差分布不均匀现象, 而MASK 匀光法、插值匀光法、Retinex 匀光法只能解决亮度分布不均匀问题, 同态滤波匀光法仅能减弱亮度分布不均匀现象; 在匀光效果方面, 分块均 值方差变换法最好, MASK 匀光法次之, 插值匀光法紧随其后, 接下来是Re     

京张地区区域地壳稳定性评价

在野外调查和广泛收集资料的基础上,分析了控制和影响京张地区区域地壳稳定性的主要因素及内外动力地质的耦合作用。选取活动断裂、地震活动性和深部地球物理等因素,同时选取工程岩组、地形地貌与地表地质灾害等11个因素作为评价因子,并对评价因子进行了分类赋值。采用多因素加权叠加分析方法,建立了区域地壳稳定性评价模型,基于GIS平台对京张地区的区域地壳稳定性进行了定量化评价,将研究区划分为稳定区、次稳定区、次不稳定区和不稳定区4个等级。依据区域地壳稳定性评价结果,为京张高速铁路、云顶滑雪场、石京龙滑雪场的建设和运营提出相关建议,为京张地区国土规划提供了基础依据。      

基于PRISM和泰森多边形的地形要素日降水量空间插值研究

以黑河流域河西走廊中段地区为例,利用该研究区年、月降水与地形间较强的相关性特点,在PRISM方法的基础上对该地区日降水量进行了空间插值计算。文章提出了以月降水量的PRISM空间插值结果为该月逐日降水空间分布的参考本底,利用泰森多边形方法确定空间日降水的概率,从而实现黑河流域河西走廊中段地区日降水的空间制图方法,并对该方法得到的日降水时空数据集进行了误差分析和评估。分析结果表明,这一方法简单可靠,满足分布式水文模型或相关陆表过程分布式模拟对分布式日降水数据时空精度的要求。     

����RBF�������GPS�㲥������ֵ

?????????????????????GPS????????????г????Runge???????????t????????(Radial Basis Function,RBF)???????GPS????????????????????????в???????2011-07-25????????????t????????????????????GPS?????????????????????????GPS???????????????????÷???????Ч????Runge????????????????????????????????GPS????λ??????     

栾川县多金属矿复杂地层岩心钻探技术

栾川县多金属成矿区处于马超营大断裂带中,区内4条大断裂横贯全区,主、次级构造极为发育。因碎裂蚀变带、泥质砂砾岩等松散破碎地层而引发的孔内坍塌、取心困难等钻进难题此起彼伏,软硬互层变化频繁,对钻头要求高、选择性强。而且钻孔结构复杂,生产效率难提高,多数钻孔施工中均出现程度不同的夹钻、埋钻、断钻、烧钻等孔内事故,给钻探施工带来很大困难。通过改善冲洗液性能、采用JS122绳索取心钻具,并进行钻头与地层适应性研究,取得了较好成效。     

基于规则格网的DEM插值实验

通过地形建模,将6个地形隶属函数按照101×101,112×112,126×126,144×144,168×168,201×201,257×257 7种格网密度生成6种局部地形单元的规则格网DEM;使用反距离加权(IDW)等7种插值算法,将前6种格网密度下的DEM插值成257×257规格;从原始257×257DEM中随机抽取检查点计算残差,并对残差中误差进行分析。通过分组插值实验,运用控制变量法、方差分析等方法研究地貌类型、采样密度和插值算法对DEM插值精度的影响。     

Spatial analyses of factors affecting household structure in Chinese cities: The case of three-generation lineal households

Household structure is an important aspect of family change during China’s modernization process. Existing literature has demonstrated significant associations between various factors and household structure, but the spatial variation in these relationships has not been examined. Using the 2010 Chinese population census data and geographically weighted regression (GWR) model, this study explored the spatial patterns of three-generation lineal households, a functionally important household type in China, and its influencing factors. There was significant heterogeneity in the distribution of three-generation lineal households. Socioeconomic, demographic, and cultural factors were all significantly related to the proportion of three-generation lineal households, but the relationships are place-specific in terms of direction and magnitude. These results suggest that the distribution of Chinese household structures cannot be explained by a single framework of family modernization theory but is determined by the interplay of various local characteristics. Especially, population migration plays an equally important role in affecting household structure than socioeconomic development in China. This work contributes to the family literature by highlighting the spatial heterogeneity in the impact of varying factors on household structure. Beyond the classic modernization theory, it sets a contextualized framework for understanding how Chinese household change in response to the rapid social transformation.     

基于噪声随机模型的加权观测融合方法

信息融合技术中,在各局部传感器的有色观测噪声为一阶AR模型的情况下,可以利用观测扩增方法消除有色噪声的影响,得到最优加权观测融合方程,从而实现状态的最优滤波解。对于有色观测噪声为MA或ARMA模型的情况,观测扩增方法不再适用。提出了基于有色观测噪声随机模型级数展开的方法,求解出各局部传感器有色观测噪声的方差,并利用该方差对加权观测融合滤波器进行了构造。通过计算实例证明,该方法不仅适用于观测噪声为AR模型,同时适用于噪声MA或ARMA模型。     

Multicollinearity and correlation among local regression coefficients in geographically weighted regression

Present methodological research on geographically weighted regression (GWR) focuses primarily on extensions of the basic GWR model, while ignoring well-established diagnostics tests commonly used in standard global regression analysis. This paper investigates multicollinearity issues surrounding the local GWR coefficients at a single location and the overall correlation between GWR coefficients associated with two different exogenous variables. Results indicate that the local regression coefficients are potentially collinear even if the underlying exogenous variables in the data generating process are uncorrelated. Based on these findings, applied GWR research should practice caution in substantively interpreting the spatial patterns of local GWR coefficients. An empirical disease-mapping example is used to motivate the GWR multicollinearity problem. Controlled experiments are performed to systematically explore coefficient dependency issues in GWR. These experiments specify global models that use eigenvectors from a spatial link matrix as exogenous variables.This study was supported by grant number 1 R1 CA95982-01, Geographic-Based Research in Cancer Control and Epidermiology, from the National Cancer Institute. The author thank the anonymous reviewers and the editor for their helpful comments.