VLBI观测资料解算地球自转参数精度分析

为分析VLBI观测资料解算地球自转参数的精度,根据VLBI观测原理及其误差方程,分别利用2020年VLBI观测数据及CONT17连续加密观测的XA、XB两种频率通道数据解算地球自转参数,并以EOP14 C04序列作为计算外符合精度的参考序列。结果表明,VLBI观测数据解算地球自转参数各分量的外符合精度均能满足高精度要求,比较解算结果与同时段GPS连续数据的解算结果发现,两者精度总体处于同一水平;CONT17观测的XA、XB两种频率通道数据解算极移时精度相当,但前者在稳定性及解算UT1-UTC序列精度上具有较大优势。     

A Model of Relation between Fluctuation of Double Differential Total Ionospheric Electron Content and Angular Distance of the Two Satellites Observed by Same-beam VLBI

Time delay and phase fluctuation are produced when the signals of a spacecraft are transmitted through the ionosphere of the earth, which give rise to a great influence on the measurement precision of VLBI (Very Long Baseline Interferometry). Using the 1-year same-beam VLBI data of 2 satellites (Rstar and Vstar) in the Japanese lunar exploration project SELENE, we obtained a model of the relation between the fluctuation of double differential total electron content in the ionosphere and the angular distance of the two satellites. For the 6 baselines, the root mean square r of fluctuation (in units of TECU) and the angular distance of the two satellites θ (in units of ^°) has a relation of r = 0.773θ + 0.562, and for the 4 VLBI stations, the relation is r = 0.554θ + 0.399 from the baselines inversion. The results can serve as a reference for the derivation of differential phase delay and for the occultation observation and study of planetary ionospheres.     

贝叶斯正则化的Elman神经网络电离层TEC预报模型

利用2017年中低纬电离层总电子含量、地磁活动指数、年积日等参数,首次建立基于贝叶斯正则化(Bayesian regularization)的Elman回归神经网络(BR-Elman)的电离层TEC预报模型。同时,根据地磁活动指数的变化特征,分别进行平静电离层和扰动电离层预报建模。实验结果表明,该方法在平静期5 d预测值的均方根误差为1.19 TECu,残差为1.03 TECu,相关系数为0.93;在扰动期5 d预测值均方根误差为1.34 TECu,残差为1.01 TECu,相关系数为0.91。贝叶斯正则化的BP神经网络模型以及传统BP神经网络模型在平静期与扰动期5 d的预测上,均方根误差最小为1.87 TECu,残差最小为1.50 TECu,相关系数最优为0.87。通过对比分析,该模型较其他2个模型的预报效果有明显改善。     

NeQuick2模型在星载单频GPS实时定轨中的应用

在星载单频GPS实时定轨中引入NeQuick2三维电离层延迟改正模型,首先利用GIM对Klobuchar和NeQuick2模型进行精度评估,然后使用不同电离层改正方法模拟仿真星载单频GPS实时定轨实验。结果表明,当卫星轨道低于500 km时,相比于传统的改进Klobuchar改正的定轨精度,利用NeQuick2改正的定轨精度提高0.2 m左右,与双频伪距法定轨精度相当。     

2019-2020冬季北半球超强极涡事件

2019-2020冬季北极平流层极涡异常并且持续的偏强,偏冷.利用NCEP再数据和OMI臭氧数据,本文分析了此次强极涡事件中平流层极涡的动力场演变及其对地面暖冬天气和臭氧低值的影响.此次强极涡的形成是由于上传行星波不活跃.持续的强极涡使得2020年春季的最后增温出现时间偏晚.平流层正NAM指数向下传播到地面,与地面AO...     

Polar vortex oscillation viewed in an isentropic potential vorticity coordinate

The stratospheric polar vortex oscillation （PVO） in the Northern Hemisphere is examined in a semiLagrangian θ-PVLAT coordinate constructed by using daily isentropic potential vorticity maps derived from NCEP/NCAR reanalysis Ⅱdataset covering the period from 1979 to 2003. In the semi-Lagrangian θ-PVLAT coordinate, the variability of the polar vortex is solely attributed to its intensity change because the changes in its location and shape would be naturally absent by following potential vorticity contours on isentropic surfaces. The EOF and regression analyses indicate that the PVO can be described by a pair of poleward and downward propagating modes. These two modes together account for about 82% variance of the daily potential vorticity anomalies over the entire Northern Hemisphere. The power spectral analysis reveals a dominant time scale of about 107 days in the time series of these two modes, representing a complete PVO cycle accompanied with poleward propagating heating anomalies of both positive and negative signs from the equator to the pole. The strong polar vortex corresponds to the arrival of cold anomalies over the polar circle and vice versa. Accompanied with the poleward propagation is a simultaneous downward propagation. The downward propagation time scale is about 20 days in high and low latitudes and about 30 days in mid-latitudes. The zonal wind anomalies lag the poleward and downward propagating temperature anomalies of the opposite sign by 10 days in low and high latitudes and by 20 days in mid-latitudes. The time series of the leading EOF modes also exhibit dominant time scales of 8.7, 16.9, and 33.8 months. They approximately follow a double-periodicity sequence and correspond to the 3-peak extratropical Quasi-Biennial Oscillation （QBO） signal.     

中国极地测绘空间数据元数据管理系统的设计与实现

本文在对历次极地考察所获得的极地测绘空间数据进行整理、分类的基础上,参考国际标准化组织(ISO/TC211)元数据标准、美国联邦地理数据委员会(FGDC)的CSDGM以及中国可持续发展信息共享元数据标准,制定了能够描述中国极地测绘空间数据的元数据标准,基于此设计并实现了中国极地测绘空间数据元数据管理系统。在网络环境下实现了对元数据的浏览、新增、编辑、查询以及网上发布,从而更好地服务于极地科学考察。     

极区顶部电离层离子上行-DMSP卫星观测

本文利用DMSP卫星离子漂移速度测量数据,对高纬顶部电离层离子整体上行进行研究,主要考察平静时和磁暴期间离子上行强度与发生率随MLT(晨昏两侧)分布规律的变化;以及磁暴期间强的离子上行与等离子体对流及其剪切之间的关系。研究发现,磁暴期间强上行事件的发生率比平静期高近2倍,发生率的晨昏不对称性出现逆转,由平静时昏侧发生率较大变为磁暴期间晨侧发生率较大;磁暴期间晨侧离子上行速度的分布向速度高端加权,平均速度大于昏侧,最大上行速度远大于昏侧;强的离子上行往往与强对流剪切或强对流本身相伴随。     

星载激光测高及其在极地的应用研究分析

提要采用卫星测高技术研究两极冰面高程变化和物质平衡状态是目前国际研究的一个热点。本文首先叙述了IcEsat卫星任务,包括系统构成、基本原理和数据产品等,然后结合极地研究的主题和具体任务,分析了星载激光测高技术用于监测两极冰雪变化的优越性和应用前景,为今后利用多种卫星遥感遥测技术研究极地冰雪变化打下基础。     

考虑电子吸附效应的低电离层加热研究

基于低电离层自洽加热模型,综合考虑了低电离层中电子的复合效应及典型吸附效应,本文数值仿真了大功率高频无线电波持续加热低电离层所产生的电子温度、电子密度的扰动,并且首次模拟分析了由于电子温度扰动造成的加热电波自吸收效应.结果表明：电子吸收大功率加热电波能量导致了电子温度的增加,同时改变了电离层的吸收指数,引起了加热电波的自吸收效应.加热电波的自吸收效应对低电离层较高区域的电子温度扰动有重要的抑制作用.因此,随着加热频率的减小或有效辐射功率的增大,低电离层较低区域的电子温度增量明显增大而在高度100 km以上区域的电子温度增量始终较小.另一方面,随着电子温度的增加,电子的复合系数减小而电子的吸附系数增加,导致了电子密度在低电离层中较高区域出现正扰动而在较低区域出现负扰动.当饱和电子温度较大时,继续减小加热频率或增大有效辐射功率对电子密度扰动所造成的改变较小,尤其当电子温度超出复合系数和吸附系数的温度敏感区间.此外,电子温度与电子密度的饱和时间相差较大,电子温度的饱和时间为微秒量级而电子密度的饱和时间为秒量级.