摄影全站系统及其精度评定

摄影全站系统是成熟的数字摄影测量技术与高精度工程测量仪器（全站仪）的集成,可以实现无接触和无控制测量,对摄影测量的发展具有重要的作用。以GFF-7000I摄影全站系统为研究对象,分别对其简单测量模式和标准测量模式进行了不同距离上的精度测试,对摄影全站系统的应用具有一定的指导意义。     

东北太平洋海盆铁锰结核分布规律

地我国东北太平洋海盆铁锰结核开辟区（ＤＹ８５－１、ＤＹ８５－３航次调查区）的系统取样和对铁锰结核富集的沉积环境条件的分析研究结果表明，研究区的呼种沉积环境中的铁锰结核分布是不均匀的，具有较高经济价值的铁锰结核分布在水深５０００－５２００ｍ、硅质粘土分布的海底丘陵地区。     

基于区域分割合并的建筑物半自动提取方法

提出了一种遥感图像半自动提取建筑物的方法。首先通过对建筑物边缘进行折线逼近和感知编组，可以得到其顶部大体结构。然后按照“二叉树”的数据结构，利用“超线”对建筑物影像进行区域分割。最后通过对分割后的区域进行相似性的统计并按照“二叉树”记录的分割顺序进行生长合并，从而得到了屋顶的边缘，实现了对平顶直角建筑物的提取。该方法能够充分利用区域的性质进行合并，稳定精确地提取建筑物。     

山区全站仪三角高程与GPS拟和高程比较精度之分析

通过在山区测量中,全站仪三角高程与GPS拟和高程的比较,可得出小面积山区航测成图项目外业像控点高程测量可用GPS拟和高程替代全站仪三角高程作业方法的结论。     

浅议野外像片调绘在航测地形图生产中的地位与作用

利用航摄像片测制地形图,地物地貌要素的表示必须通过像片调绘来解决,因而像片调绘在整个航测生产过程中具有非常重要的地位和作用,要多出图出好图,必须努力提高像片调绘的工作质量。     

精密单点定位在国土调查正射影像底图生产中的应用研究

精密单点定位技术作为一种快速获取像控点坐标的方法,不需要同步联测,可在大面积正射影像生产中发挥重要作用。通过对不同时段长度观测数据的精密单点定位和ITRF2014框架瞬时历元坐标向CGCS2000坐标转换两个方面的探讨,分析了精密单点定位技术进行像控点测量并实现正射影像生产的关键问题。结果表明:以60 min观测时长数据进行精密单点定位,并利用框架转换参数和格网速度场实现像控点CGCS2000坐标获取的最大点位误差为0.38 m,可以满足国土调查1∶10 000比例尺正射影像底图生产像控点测量精度要求。     

Interpretation of channelized architecture using three-dimensional photo real models, Pennsylvanian deep-water deposits at Big Rock Quarry, Arkansas

Mapping geological details and interpreting three-dimensional geometries in a highly heterogeneous outcrop such as the exposure at Big Rock Quarry has been a continuous challenge especially because high vertical cliffs make access to most of the rocks difficult for direct geological observations. Previous interpretations of facies architecture were derived from gamma-ray profiles, a core and measurements made on two-dimensional photomosaics. This paper represents the first attempt of three-dimensional interpretation of the geometry and facies pattern of the Jackfork nested channel complex deposited at the base-of-slope.Examination of the photo real model of the outcrop with assigned lithologies allowed extraction of accurate 3-D qualitative, as well as quantitative (channel dimensions) geometric information. This facilitated interpretation and reconstruction of the submarine channel complex architecture making possible correlations of strata exposed on the two sides of the quarry.Most of the exposed vertically and laterally stacked channels are large, aggradational with well-defined axial regions overlain by matrix-supported breccia which grades upward into amalgamated sandstones. The thickness of the sandstone decreases toward the southeastern end of the quarry where more shale is present. The channel infill consists of thin-bedded sandstones interlayered with shale which overlain the breccia. The upper part of the quarry is made up of smaller, lateral migrating channels.Significant channel width and thickness variation can be recognized at outcrop scale. Thirty-eight identified channels are characterized by a relatively low aspect ratio (4:1 to 32:1) with channel dimensions ranging from 25 m to 314 m wide and 2 m-24 m deep. Bed thickness distributions of various facies show that the sandstone comprises a significant proportion (83%) of the total channel thickness, while shale and breccia represent about 8%, and 17% respectively. This yields a high net-to gross ratio of more than 80%.Compared to previous reconstructions our 3-D photo real model is more accurate and it can be used to calibrate simulation of processes in deep-water environments.     

PARTNERSHIPS AND PHOTOGRAPHS: COMMUNITY CONCEPTIONS OF KEWEENAW NATIONAL HISTORICAL PARK*

Geographers have a long tradition of using photographs to investigate landscape meaning. I conducted photo‐elicitation research with community members residing in and around one of the National Park Service (nps ) “partnership parks” in order to obtain their conceptions of the park. The nps partners with myriad groups in order to manage the park, resulting in mostly privatized amenities at Michigan's Keweenaw National Historical Park. Participants in my study took photographs of landscapes and used them to discuss their conceptions of the park. Building upon recent scholarship on the perceptions of parks and place attachment in parks, the photo‐elicitation revealed a strikingly complex array of understandings. Social class, not whether one lived within or outside the park's boundaries, was the most important variable in categorizing perceptions of the park. These data help us understand how community members conceive of partnership parks and thus may help inform nps decision making.     

RTK技术在高速公路像片控制测量中的应用

通过RTK技术在诸永高速公路1：2000像片控制测量中的应用，介绍了RTK测量在带状测区基准转换参数的求解方法及RTK测量成果的精度检验等情况。结果表明，RTK测量不仅能够满足1：2000像片控制测量精度要求，而且可以大幅度提高作业效率，尤其在交通和通视困难地区更具明显优势。即使在山区和高山区．只要采取有效措施，RTK测量同样能取得比较高的精度。     

基于像底点的机载POS视准轴误差检校

基于灭点理论,提出一种利用像底点检校机载POS系统视准轴误差的方法。首先从理论上建立像底点与POS系统视准轴误差之间严格的数学关系,并在此基础上推导出求解视准轴误差的误差方程式,然后用一组带有POS数据的航空影像进行了试验验证。试验结果表明,所建立的利用像底点检校POS系统视准轴误差的模型是正确的,用两张以上像片上的像底点坐标即可检校出POS系统的视准轴误差,而毋须布设特定的检校场和地面控制点,对城区大比例尺航空摄影时POS系统视准轴误差检校具有一定的实用价值。