我国土地整理模式的分类研究

通过探讨土地整理过程中各要素的组合规律,并依此进行模式的划分,可以为政府的土地整理决策提供技术支持,为完善国家的土地整理技术规程和制定相关政策奠定科学基础.在分析土地整理模式内涵与特征的基础上,应用层次指标分类法,分别采用土地整理地域特征指标、待整理土地利用类型指标、土地整理目标指标和土地整理运作方式指标对土地整理模式进行了划分,并依此对我国的土地整理模式进行了分类.     

北京市区域成矿规律初步研究

根据成矿理论和我国成矿规律研究的最新成果,对北京市区域成矿规律进行了初步研究,划分出2个Ⅳ级成矿区和5个Ⅴ级成矿带(或矿集区),并对其成矿特征进行了总结,编制了区域成矿规律图,这项研究对提高本地区地质工作研究程度、确定已知矿区深部及外围的找矿方向提供了依据.     

纳日贡玛含矿斑岩体形成机制及其成矿模式分析

通过系统研究纳日贡玛含矿斑岩体的地质、地球化学特征,深入剖析了含矿斑岩体的形成机制及其成矿模式。研究结果表明,纳日贡玛含矿斑岩体与藏东玉龙含矿斑岩体同属一个成矿带,是喜玛拉雅运动第一幕(40～35Ma)的产物。斑岩体主体部分是黑云母二长花岗斑岩,少部分为花岗闪长斑岩,围岩为中二叠世尕笛考组(P2gd)的玄武岩。含矿斑岩为同源岩浆经长期演化、多期侵位而形成的复式岩体,它们多沿区域性断裂呈串珠状断续分布。斑岩体的内外接触带以及各种裂隙是主要矿体的产出部位。岩体侵入后,由于热重力扩散作用和Cu、Mo元素化学性质的差异,导致成矿元素在空间分布上具有分带性,并且显示出下部富钼、上部富铜的分布特征。研究结果对于深入认识该区的成矿地质条件、成矿规律和指导下一步勘探均具有重要的参考价值。     

The pattern characteristics of the tendency variations of earth resistivity and its relation to earthquakes

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全球月平均高度距平场正斜压性的分析(Ⅱ)——与遥相关型的联系

利用欧洲中心全球客观分析的7层月平均位势高度距平资料,计算了几种大气环流遥相关型指数与各层位势高度距平的相关系数分布。发现:大气环流异常的正压、斜压性的地理差异与遥相关型的垂直结构关系密切。综合经验正交函数分析,结果亦然。     

华北地区一次连续大雾的诊断分析

对2004年11月29日到12月4日华北地区一次连续大雾过程进行了分析.结果表明:高空西北气流以及西南暖湿气流是大雾发生的重要条件;大雾期间地面上的相对湿度达到了94%以上,华北地区先后被稳定的大陆高压和鞍形场控制.低层充沛的水汽、稳定的层结条件以及低空风速较小导致该地区水汽不能及时随大气扩散;高层下沉以及低层有弱的上升气流在低空的某层高度上易形成稳定层结,导致大雾的形成.     

Rupture pattern of the Oct 23, 2011 Van-Merkez,Eastern Turkey earthquake

High-frequency rupture process of the Oct 23, 2011 Van-Merkez earthquake is imaged by back-projection method using high-quality teleseismic P wave data from the US Array, and prestack Kirchhoff migration using P wave data from a subarray of global seismic networks. The rupture model with two asperities is confirmed by previous two methods. In low-frequency imaging, a large asperity derived from the migration method corresponds to the second one from the high-frequency P waves. The consistency of the locations of asperities from datasets with different frequency bands indicates that there is possible insignificance of the frequency-dependent feature for the earthquake. The resultant images illustrate the spatial and temporal evolution of the rupture, which mainly propagated WSW over a length of 33 km during the first 18 s, accompanying with bursts of two asperities at 3 and 11–13 s. The rupture direction is confirmed by the S wave corner frequency variations of strong ground accelerations. The rupture fronts are mainly located at the updip of the causative fault. Based on polarities of the P waveforms and focal mechanisms of the mainshock and aftershocks, the failure of these two asperities is determined to have occurred on a reverse fault with a dip angle of 47°. Hence, the rupture pattern of the 2011 Van-Merkez earthquake was dominated by a unilateral rupture toward the west-southwest direction.     

On self-similarity of premonitory patterns in the regions of natural and induced seismicity

Anticipating the scale invariance of rock fracturing processes, we applied Keilis-Borok’s algorithm M8, originally designed for identifying times of increased probability (TIPS) of occurrence of strong earthquakes (M < 8.0), retrospectively to Koyna earthquakes which occurred in the region after the impoundment of the Shivaji Sagar reservoir in 1962. The algorithm which enables diagnosis of TIPS from the 7th year onwards after the commencement of the earliest available data set showed that the 5.3 magnitude earthquake of 20 September 1980 indeed occurred within a time of increased probability. This result, apart from its potential application to recognizing future TIPS in the region, points to selfsimilarity between the premonitory patterns of natural and induced earthquakes and to scale-invariant nature of their processes. Further, a typical precursory rise in seismicity followed by a relative quiescence was also found to precede all the three larger earthquakes of the sequence.     

Early Estimation of Strong Aftershock Duration Time

In order to solve the problem of early estimation of moderately strong aftershock duration time in an earthquake sequence,this study has been conducted.First,the definition of the strong aftershock has been given.It is pointed out that there is a difference in the strong aftershock duration time between the main shock type sequence and the strong earthquake swarm sequence.After dividing the three cases,i.e.,a strong aftershock duration time larger than 1 day,smaller than 1 day,and no strong aftershock occurred in a main shock type sequence by using the pattern recognition method,we gave the rough correlation relation between strong aftershock duration time and first large shock magnitude for two types of sequences.Finally,the judgment index and method of estimating strong aftershock duration times for different sequence types have been given.     

中尺度暖涡对热带气旋强度变化的影响及作用机制

基于两组理想化数值试验,对比研究了分布于热带气旋不同位置处的海洋中尺度暖涡所引发的热带气旋强度变化的时空特征。研究发现,热带气旋中心附近的暖涡对热带气旋强度有增强作用,而位于热带气旋外围的暖涡则会抑制热带气旋的发展。本研究将暖涡增强（减弱）热带气旋强度的区域称为内（外）区。随着时间的推移,内（外）区暖涡对热带气旋强度的增强（减弱）幅度逐渐减小（增大）,区域范围同步减小（增大）。内区暖涡增强了热带气旋的次级环流和结构对称性、增加了海气界面热通量,同时减弱了外围螺旋雨带,进而导致热带气旋强度增强;若暖涡在外区,其对热带气旋的作用相反,导致热带气旋强度减弱。由于理想化试验中热带气旋静止不动,因此研究结果可能只适用于传播速度较慢的热带气旋。本研究结果有助于更好地理解热带气旋和海洋中尺度暖涡之间的相互作用,并通过引入热带气旋外区暖涡的影响助力提高热带气旋强度预报工作。