冰煤断裂韧度的测试研究

通过对冰煤在-30℃低温状态下的断裂韧度K_IC的测试试验, 得出了在不同预制裂纹长度条件下冻结煤体的断裂韧度变化情况. 试验中制备了三点弯曲试样并制作了低温环境下的三点弯曲实验装置, 对冰煤的试样制备、试验装置、 K_IC计算公式以及裂纹尖端塑性区的大小等断裂力学问题进行探讨, 并且对试样尺寸的有效性进行了验证. 结果表明, 断裂韧度K_IC与裂纹深度a/W的变化方向相反, a/W越大, K_IC越小, 此时裂纹越易开裂.     

月亮田矿南四采区构造成因及找煤应用

利用地质力学原理,对月亮田矿南四采区的构造发肓规律及展布特点进行综合分析,认为该区地质构造成因是由繁到简并成带状分布,从而成功地找到了经济可采煤层。      

潘集煤矿二叠纪主采煤层中微量元素亲和性研究

安徽淮南煤田位于华北地台南端 ,发育了华北地区二叠纪含煤岩系中层位最高的可采煤层。采用仪器中子活化分析法 (INAA)测试了淮南煤田潘集煤矿二叠纪主采煤层 13个样品的 36个微量元素的浓度分布 ,并对其共生组合特点、地球化学特征及稀土元素配比模式作了初步分析 ,结果表明 ,煤中不同微量元素显示出不同的亲和性质。元素Br,As ,Sb ,Ni和Co等趋于在煤中富集 ,其中Br的有机亲和性最大。元素Na ,K ,Rb ,Th ,Hf,Zr ,Ta和REE则在煤层与顶底板接触带的碳质泥岩中富集 ,表现出与细粒陆源碎屑物更强的亲和性。其它元素倾向性不甚明显 ,但Fe ,Ca ,Sr ,HREE等元素在海水影响强度增大的煤层中含量增加。元素As,Cs,Ni,Fe和Ca在煤层中含量变化较大 ,其变异系数大于 1,其它元素则相对稳定 ,表明同一矿区煤层中微量元素含量在不受其它地质作用明显叠加影响时具有一定的稳定性。本区煤层稀土元素配比模式与华北其它地区C—P纪煤基本类似 ,普遍存在Eu亏损现象。 ∑REE在煤中分布范围为30× 10 -6～ 95× 10 -6,在顶板泥岩中超过 2 0 0× 10 -6。煤层中部 ∑REE降低 ,HREE相对富集。聚类分析表明 ,元素As ,Se ,Ag和Fe关系密切 ,这与煤中黄铁矿等成岩矿物有直接关系 ,泥炭沼泽演化期间或之后海水的直接或间接影响会促使这     

Application of radiolarians and other fossils in non-Smith strata--Exemplified by the A'nyêmaqên melange belt in East Kunlun Mts

The main character of melange strata in an orogenic belt is the integration of mixed materials due to the superposition, displacement or loss of various tectonic slices (blocks) of different origins and environments, different scales, different grades of deformation and metamorphism, and different stages of tectonic evolution. The approach to non-Smith strata in an orogenic belt is to focus on the understanding of the age, facies, tectonic setting of the original formation and the process of deformation-metamorphism of each tectonic slice, reconstruct the history of dispersal and integration of these tectonic slices in time and space, i.e. 4-dimensional. This paper studies the age and facies of the original formation of tectonic slices in the A'nyêmaqên melange belt based on new data of radiolarians, sporo-pollen and trace fossils, and cast new lights on the research of the evolution process of that belt.     

柴达木盆地石炭系地层特征与分布

首先对柴达木盆地露头区的石炭系地层特征进行了研究,根据古群的对比,确定了岩石地层的时代;然后根据柴达木盆地新完成的参数井－－霍参１井的资料进行地质、地震统层;在解释了现有的地震剖面的基础上作出了盆地东部地下石炭系的分布范围图,这一成果对指导柴达木盆地石炭系的油气勘探具有重要的意义。     

川西北地区金矿床的双源复合成矿新认识

川地区金成矿受构造－岩相和构造－岩浆双重控制。据该区金矿的产出特点和成矿特征,可将区内金矿（点）划分为层控型、岩控型和双控型。在进行区域成矿分析时应注重构造－岩相和构造－岩浆的致矿、控矿作用,任何片面怀的成矿分析都可能导致成矿认识的简单化和肤浅化。双源复合成矿概念的提出与应用,有助于对本区成矿认识的深化和研究水平的提高。     

放射性氡气测量动态监测煤炭地下气化燃空区

煤炭地下气化是将地下的煤炭进行有控制的燃烧,为了使煤的燃烧和气化得到有效的控制,了解燃烧的火焰工作面的移动速度以及燃空区的范围是致关重要的。唐山刘庄煤矿地下气化区的试验中,分析了放射性测氡法在进行煤炭地下气化监测中确定燃烧火焰工作面的移动速度及以燃空区范围的可行性和有效性,从而提出一些建议。     

Rare Earth Element Geochemistry of Late Palaeozoic Coals in North China

Instrumental Neutron Activation Analysis (INAA) was done to determine the abundances of rare earth elements (REE) of 58 samples of Late Palaeozoic Carboniferous-Permian coals and related rocks in North China. Detailed study of REE geochemistry shows that the ∑REE of most coals studied in this paper is in a normal range between 30×10-6 and 80×10-6 with a mean of 56×10-6. The REE in the Taiyuan Formation in the northern part of North China are much richer than those in the southern part. This is due to the shorter distance to the source area in the north. Moreover, the IREE is in positive correlation to coal ash, especially closely related to the content of clay minerals <2μm in size. This reveals that most REE were carried by terrigenous clastic materials, especially fine clay minerals. In the coals the light REE (LREE) are much richer than the heavy REE (HREE), and the LREE/HREE ratio in coals generally varies from 2 to 8. The LREE/HREE ratio of high-ash, low-sulphur coals is higher than that of lo     

Classification of Mineral Resources Associated and Accompanied with Coal Measures

The paper discusses the concept of mineral resources associated with coal measures. A rational and scientific classification of such mineral resources becomes more necessary with the development of science and technology. A classification scheme is proposed based on compositions and physical properties and the utilization of these associated minerals.     

从美国煤炭产消状况思考中国煤炭工业的发展

中国与美国同为世界煤炭生产、消费大国。作为发达国家,美国煤炭生产、消费等许多方面都有值得中国借鉴之处。本文从美国近几年煤炭生产、消费等方面的发展状况,结合中国煤炭生产、消费等形势,提出使中国煤炭持续发展所值得思考的问题。