Geochronology,Geochemistry and Petrogenesis of the Pungco Ophiolite,TibetEI北大核心CSCD

Although the middle section of the Bangong-Nujiang suture zone has been intensively investigated, its tectonic framework and evolution is still controversy. The Pungco ophiolite has a relative complete ophiolitic complex, which is an ideal specimen for studying this tricky problem. LA-ICP-MS U-Pb dating of zircons from the diabasic rock yielded an age of 159.0±2.1 Ma. This age suggests that the Pungco ophiolite was formed in the Late Jurassic, indicating the development of the Late Jurassic ophiolite in the third ophiolitic subzone. The whole-rock major and trace element compositions of diabasic and basaltic rocks exhibit mixed arc and N-MORB geochemical characteristics. Two diabasic samples have (87Sr/86Sr)i values of 0.7055 and 0.7063 and εNd(t) values of 11.28 and 11.84, respectively. The geochemical signatures and formation age of the Pungco ophiolite suggest that this ophiolite was probably produced in an active continental fore-arc setting. It originated from a N-MORB-like depleted mantle source with the involvement of subducted-slab fluids. Considering the regional geological background, the Pungco ophiolite was likely generated during the southward subduction of the Bangong-Nujiang Tethyan oceanic lithosphere beneath the Lhasa terrane, and belongs to a regional archipelagic arc-basin system together with the other Early Jurassic-Early Cretaceous ophiolites from the northern Tibet Lake district. © 2018, Science Press. All right reserved.     

The Caledonian Structures of Shetland – Funzie and Norwick Geological Conservation Review sites

Locations at Funzie on the island of Fetlar, and at Norwick on the island of Unst contain excellent examples of structures relating to the Caledonian age disruption and emplacement of the Shetland Ophiolite Complex. The Caledonian age Shetland Ophiolite Complex contains exceptionally well developed and exposed sections of the lower parts of the characteristic ophiolite sequence, including layered gabbro, cumulates and mantle rock. Composed of two tectonic units (the Lower Nappe and Upper Nappe) each underlain by an imbricate zone, it is among the finest and most accessible examples of ophiolitic rocks in Europe. The sites at Funzie and Norwick have been selected to be part of the Caledonian Structures of Great Britain Geological Conservation Review (GCR) network, as the best examples in Britain of structures relating to Caledonian ophiolite disruption and emplacement. As the Funzie GCR site and the Norwick GCR site they form the Caledonian Structures of Shetland GCR block.Accounts of all other sites in the Caledonian Structures of Great Britain Geological Conservation Review (GCR) network are already published (Treagus, 1992). Accounts of the Caledonian Structures of Shetland GCR block sites are, therefore, presented in this paper to complete publication of the Caledonian Structures of Great Britain Geological Conservation Review (GCR) network.     

班公湖-怒江缝合带东段丁青地幔橄榄岩成因:来自钻孔ZK02地幔橄榄岩矿物学及地球化学特征约束

丁青蛇绿岩位于班公湖-怒江缝合带东段,是该缝合带出露面积最大的蛇绿岩。为查明岩体成因,在丁青东岩体中实施了一口165.19m的钻孔。除最顶部有约0.5m厚的第四系残坡积物外,其余均为地幔橄榄岩。结合显微镜鉴定将岩心划分出17个岩性单元层,岩性主要以方辉橄榄岩为主,夹少量纯橄岩和含铬铁矿纯橄岩。地幔橄榄岩中橄榄石的Fo变化于88.79~93.73,铬尖晶石的Cr^#变化于44.33~81.66,揭示丁青地幔橄榄岩可能经历过约20%~40%的中高度部分熔融作用;全岩地球化学分析表明其具有富镁（MgO=45.98%~49.45%）、贫铝（Al₂O₃=0.19%~1.37%）和贫钙（CaO=0.28%~0.70%）的特点,属于熔融程度较高的地幔残余物质。岩石具有明显不同于阿尔卑斯蛇绿岩的轻稀土元素富集特征,指示区内地幔橄榄岩先经历了较强程度的部分熔融,后经历了俯冲消减过程中的流体交代。利用地幔橄榄岩中的铬尖晶石成分计算母熔体Al₂O₃含量对应的FeO/MgO值,与不同构造环境原始岩浆成分相比较,发现丁青地幔橄榄岩母熔体大多处于玻安岩中。纯橄岩氧逸度估算FMQ=-3.05~-0.71,方辉橄榄岩氧逸度FMQ=-3.89~+1.47,显示丁青地幔橄榄岩有俯冲作用的参与。通过丁青钻孔岩心的研究,提出丁青东岩体可能形成于俯冲带之上的弧前环境这一观点。     

新特提斯洋晚白垩世演化特点:来自泽当共国日二长花岗岩年代学、地球化学及Sr-Nd同位素证据

为加深对西藏泽当地区新特提斯洋演化的认识,对西藏泽当蛇绿混杂岩带内的共国日二长花岗岩进行了岩石学、岩石地球化学、同位素及年代学等研究,研究显示:共国日二长花岗岩岩体规模小、岩性稳定,LA-ICP-MS锆石U-Pb年龄为(90.40±0.68)Ma,属晚白垩世;岩石地球化学具高硅、富铝、富钾、低钛和准铝质钙碱性花岗岩特征;轻稀土富集、重稀土亏损,具明显的负Eu异常,微量元素表现为相对富集Rb、K、Ba、Th、U等大离子亲石元素,显著亏损Nb、P、Ti等高场强元素;(⁸⁷Sr/⁸⁶Sr)_i=0.705 708~0.706 284,(¹⁴³Nd/¹⁴⁴Nd)_i=0.512 689~0.512 716,ε_Nd(t)=2.00~2.51。以上特征表明,位于泽当蛇绿混杂岩带内的共国日二长花岗岩属于I型花岗岩,由正常岛弧岩浆形成,应为晚白垩世新特提斯洋向北俯冲形成的岛弧环境下俯冲带上部地壳部分熔融的产物,其不属于泽当蛇绿岩的组成部分,表明在90 Ma前泽当洋内弧已经消失。     

内蒙古沙巴尔吐地区中二叠世蛇绿构造混杂岩及同期花岗质杂岩的发现及地质意义

中亚造山带东段内蒙古兴安盟扎赉特旗地区作为二连-贺根山断裂的东延部分,蕴含了古亚洲洋俯冲消亡过程及洋-陆转换的关键信息,然而对于该区蛇绿构造混杂岩的研究相对薄弱,成为制约古亚洲洋构造演化研究的瓶颈.本文在扎赉特旗沙巴尔吐地区发现了蛇绿构造混杂岩、与岛弧环境相关的英云闪长岩-奥长花岗岩和碱长花岗岩组合.对蛇绿构造混杂岩中...     

东特提斯地质调查研究进展综述

以青藏高原为主体的东特提斯构造演化一直是国内外地学研究中关注的重大科学问题.为了更全面、更深入地认识青藏高原及东特提斯构造域的形成演化历史,本文在综述前人有关特提斯构造域时空演变和演化阶段研究的基础上,重点总结了近年来1∶5万区域地质调查中取得的最新研究进展,提出昌宁-澜沧构造带原-古特提斯连续演化、南冈底斯构造带古-...     

中亚造山带西段俯冲起始时限及机制探讨

中亚造山带是世界上最大的显生宙增生型造山带,是研究增生造山过程和大陆地壳生长的绝佳场所,其形成记录了新元古代—早中生代古亚洲洋发展演化历程,主要由一系列微陆块、岛弧、海山/大洋高原、增生杂岩及蛇绿混杂岩构成.中亚造山带西段蛇绿混杂岩物质组成基本一致,除了典型的蛇绿岩组分外,大多发育典型的海山岩石组合,即枕状玄武岩、火山...     

东秦岭商丹地区蛇绿岩中的角闪石研究

东秦岭蛇绿岩主要分布在北秦岭南缘、商丹断裂带以北的狭窄地带,断续逶迤呈带状作近东西向展布。分布于商丹地区的蛇绿岩是东秦岭蛇绿岩带的重要组成部分并具有代表性。 本文着重论述了商丹地区蛇绿岩中广泛分布的主要造岩矿物之一,角闪石的主要特征组份、微量元素、晶胞参数、阳离子占位度等成因矿物学特点。并据此说明了该蛇绿岩中的角闪石属于区域正变质的产物;形成的物质来源具有同源性,原岩为超镁铁质-镁铁质的岩浆岩和火山熔岩;形成的热力学条件基本相同,变质程度为绿帘角闪岩相或角闪岩相,变质温度为610℃左右,压力大于5×10~8Pa。 此外,根据商丹地区蛇绿岩中角闪石成因矿物学特征之相同性所提供的信息表明,东秦岭蛇绿岩带是华北和扬子两个板块俯冲、碰撞的构造边界变质带。     

西藏丁青地区与玻镁安山岩类有关的蛇绿岩的矿物学特征

西藏丁青蛇绿岩的东杂岩体是一种与玻镁安山岩(Boninite)有关的特殊的蛇绿岩类型。其 堆晶斜方辉石岩、辉长岩和辉绿岩的岩石化学、微量元素以及稀土元素的地球化学特征均与西太平洋诸岛(伊豆—马利亚纳、巴布亚新几内亚、新喀里多尼亚等)的玻镁安山岩相似。此外,超镁铁质构造岩中的橄榄石和顽火辉石富镁,指示残余地幔具强烈亏损的性质。尖晶石的Cr含量中等至较高,与深海橄榄岩及大洋中脊玄武岩中的尖晶石不同。堆晶岩和辉长岩中的古铜辉石富镁,斜长石富钙,也明显不同于典型大洋中脊环境的特征,表明丁青东蛇绿岩形成的环境不像大洋中脊或弧后盆地,而可能是在洋内俯冲带之上的岛弧底部。     

大陆碰撞构造剖析

 首先对青藏高原分布的蛇绿岩带的地质特征进行剖析,认为这些蛇绿岩是陆内裂谷环境产出的初始洋壳而不是大陆缝合线。然后对喜马拉雅山系的构造特征及其造山体制加以讨论,认为以喜马拉雅山系作为碰撞造山的样板并无地质事实的根据,而是一种想当然的臆说,后来也得不到参验。结论:碰撞造山带在大陆是不存在的,是看不到的。