具非线性扩散系数的中立抛物型方程的振动结果

研究一类具非线性扩散系数的中立抛物型方程的振动性,利用Green定理和时滞微分不等式,获得了该类方程在Robin边值条件下所有解振动的若干充分性判据。结论充分表明振动是由时滞量引起的。     

Hemispheric Imaging of Galactic Neutral Hydrogen with a Phased Array Antenna System

The thousand element array (THEA) system is a phased array system consisting of 1 m² tiles having 64 Vivaldi elements each, arranged on a regular 8-by-8 grid, which has been developed as a demonstrator of technology and applicability for SKA. In this paper we present imaging results of Galactic neutral hydrogen with THEA. Measurements have been taken using a dense 2-by-2 array of four tiles as a four tile adder. The results are compared with results from the Leiden-Dwingeloo Survey, showing qualitative agreement, but also indicating that further studies are needed on the instrumental characteristics.     

米曲霉中性蛋白酶特性的研究

研究了米曲霉中性蛋白酶的特性。结果表明，米曲霉中性蛋白酶的最佳提取方法为加入pH7．2的缓冲液研匀，置恒温（30℃）培养箱中提取30min．每10min搅动1次，最后用4层纱布过滤。酶反应最适温度为55℃，最适pH值为7．2。NaCl和EDTA对其有一定的抑制作用。酶的热稳定性好．在45℃的温度下处理24h后，酶活力仍有45．5％。米曲霉中性蛋白酶与培养物一起保存时，稳定性也较好，在4℃保存一个月后，酶活力几乎无变化。     

Low energy neutral atoms imaging of the Moon

Imaging of low-energy neutral atoms (LENAs) in the vicinity of the Moon can provide wide knowledge of the Moon from the viewpoint of plasma physics and planetary physics. At the surface of the Moon, neutral atoms are mainly generated by photon-stimulated desorption, micrometeorite vaporization and sputtering by solar wind protons. LENAs, the energetic neutral atoms with energy range of 10-500 eV, are mainly created by sputtering of solar wind particles. We have made quantitative estimates of sputtered LENAs from the Moon surface. The results indicate that LENAs can be detected by a realistic instrument and that the measurement will provide the global element maps of sputtered particles, which substantially reflect the surface composition, and the magnetic anomalies. We have also found that LENAs around dark regions, such as the permanent shadow inside craters in the pole region, can be imaged. This is because the solar wind ions can penetrate shaded regions due to their finite gyro-radius and the pressure gradient between the solar wind and the wake region. LENAs also extend our knowledge about the magnetic anomalies and associated mini-magnetosphere systems, which are the smallest magnetospheres as far as one knows. It is thought that no LENAs are generated from mini-magnetosphere regions because no solar wind may penetrate inside them. Imaging such void areas of LENAs will provide another map of lunar magnetic anomalies.     

关于桩基负摩阻力的若干问题的探讨

负摩阻力是桩基问题中常见且尚未完全解决的问题,更是一个复杂的问题.工程实际中负摩阻力的作用可能导致基础的上部结构的不均匀沉降,不少建筑物因负摩阻力的作用而产生过大的沉降、倾斜或是建筑物的开裂现象.针对负摩阻力问题的探讨,能够引起人们对负摩阻力的高度关注.     

间歇性湿地研究进展

间歇性湿地作为湿地的特殊类型,具有生物多样性保护、调节径流、改善水质和调节小气候、稳碳增汇等丰富的经济和生态价值。研究表明:全球间歇性湿地的数量和质量逐年下降,特殊生境受到严重威胁,但目前学者对间歇性湿地的关注仍然不够,国内还未有系统的研究。影响间歇性湿地生态功能的环境因素主要有淹水和干旱时间间隔、持续时间、干旱暴露频率和水生生物群落结构的变化,同时还受水文及地貌的差异控制。综述了20世纪以来人类活动对间歇性湿地类型和分布的影响,并概述了间歇性湿地在全球水-碳循环和生物多样性保护中发挥的生态和社会功能。间歇性湿地作为野生动植物的重要生境,为毗邻生态系统提供营养物质供给、蓄水防洪、水质过滤、稳碳增汇等功能,是自然和社会环境的重要生态安全屏障。     

气相色谱快速测定土壤中的有机磷农药

采用1：1丙酮-正己烷为提取溶剂,待测样品中加入活性炭和中性氧化铝,涡旋混合、超声震荡,样品提取净化同时完成,建立气相色谱氮磷检测器（GC-NPD）快速测定农田土壤中常用的五种有机磷农药的检测方法。该方法回收率为85％～95％,精密度控制在RsD％≤8％,检出限为0．2ng／g-1．8ng／g。     

桩基负摩阻力时间效应试验研究

由于黏土固结缓慢,桩基负摩阻力存在明显的时间效应,然而目前相关研究仍显不足。设计实施了能实现桩顶加载及较大超载值的单桩及双桩负摩阻力模型试验,桩周土采用砂土和软黏土夹层,测定了模型桩身应力、桩顶位移以及土体分层沉降随固结时间的变化。试验结果显示,沉降、负摩阻力具有明显的时间效应。土表超载作用下土体沉降带动桩沉降,桩与土体的沉降均表现出早期快、后期慢的趋势。试验加载初期,黏土夹层处的负摩阻力略小于砂层,但随土体固结而增长,其基本变化规律与沉降相同。因桩端砂土层沉降稳定迅速,中性点随桩身沉降增长略呈上移趋势。此外,相同荷载作用下桩间距较小的双桩,由于下拉力较小,其沉降较小。试验条件下,3D桩间距的负摩阻力群桩效应系数在0.71～0.77之间,6D桩间距时不存在负摩阻力群桩效应。     

Effect of stocking density on performances of juvenile turbot (Scophthalmus maximus) in recirculating aquaculture systems

Limited information has been available about the influence of loading density on the performances of Scophthalmus maximus, especially in recirculating aquaculture systems (RAS). In this study, turbot (13.84±2.74 g; average weight±SD) were reared at four different initial densities (low 0.66, medium 1.26, sub-high 2.56, high 4.00 kg/m²) for 10 weeks in RAS at 23±1°C. Final densities were 4.67, 7.25, 14.16, and 17.47 kg/m², respectively, which translate to 82, 108, 214, and 282 percent coverage of the tank bottom. Density had both negative and independent impacts on growth. The final mean weight, specific growth rate (SGR), and voluntary feed intake significantly decreased and the coefficient of variation (CV) of final body weight increased with increase in stocking density. The medium and sub-high density groups did not differ significantly in SGR, mean weight, CV, food conversion rate (FCR), feed intake, blood parameters, and digestive enzymes. The protease activities of the digestive tract at pH 7, 8.5, 9, and 10 were significantly higher for the highest density group, but tended to be lower (not significantly) at pH 4 and 8.5 for the lowest density group. The intensity of protease activity was inversely related to feed intake at the different densities. Catalase activity was higher (but not significantly) at the highest density, perhaps because high density started to induce an oxidative effect in turbot. In conclusion, turbot can be cultured in RAS at a density of less than 17.47 kg/m². With good water quality and no feed limitation, initial density between 1.26 and 2.56 kg/m² (final: 7.25 and 14.16 kg/m²) would not negatively affect the turbot cultured in RAS. For culture at higher density, multi-level feeding devices are suggested to ease feeding competition.     

饲料粗蛋白含量对刺参消化酶及消化道结构的影响

本实验以鱼粉、酪蛋白以及藻粉等为主要原料配制了粗蛋白质量分数为12%、16%、20%、24%、28%、32%的6种半精制刺参(Apostichopus japonicus)饲料,研究饲料中粗蛋白含量对刺参生长、蛋白酶和淀粉酶活性以及肠道结构的影响。结果表明,刺参饲料中粗蛋白含量对刺参的生长、饲料系数、蛋白质效率以及消化道中蛋白酶和淀粉酶活性都有明显影响,肠道蛋白酶和淀粉酶活性对饲料粗蛋白含量有适应性,随饲养时间也有适应性变化。饲料中粗蛋白含量对刺参肠道结构也有一定的影响。