两种GPS水准综合模型的比较研究

给出了GPS水准拟合中的加权综合模型和混合拟合模型,通过某测区的GPS水准数据对该两种综合模型和几种单一模型进行了计算和比较分析,结果表明综合模型逼近高程异常的精度和可靠性均高于单一模型,并且混合拟合模型比加权综合模型理论上更为合理。     

基于二次曲面的Shepard拟合法在GPS水准中的应用

针对GPS水准中常用拟合方法的不足,给出一种基于二次曲面的Shepard拟合法。通过某测区GPS水准实测数据,采用二次曲面拟合法、Shepard拟合法、多面函数法和基于二次曲面的Shepard拟合法对测区高程异常进行拟合,结果表明,基于二次曲面的Shepard拟合法计算得到的高程异常的精度和可靠性最高。     

基于二次曲面的Shepard方法在GPS高程拟合中的应用

针对单一GPS高程拟合方法的不足,给出了一种基于二次曲面的Shepard拟合法。通过对二次曲面拟合法、Shepard拟合法和基于二次曲面的Shepard拟合法进行高程拟合结果的比较,表明基于二次曲面的Shepard拟合方法能显著提高高程拟合精度。     

逆Vening-Meinesz技术在陆地重力异常精细构制方法中的应用

逆Vening-Meinesz公式在海洋测高数据反演重力异常中得到了广泛应用,被认为是确定海洋地球重力场的有效途径之一。将该方法引入陆地,是本文的主要工作之一。由于陆地的非球面特性,需要顾及地形起伏的影响,因此,本文提出了基于均衡的逆Vening-Meinesz公式的移去恢复技术求解陆地重力异常的算法。最后通过对该算法编程试验,并对结果进行诊断分析和精度估计,结果表明该算法能够求得满足一定精度的重力异常值。     

导航用海洋重力异常图的孔斯曲面重构方法

本文基于地球重力物理场连续的特性,将计算机构图中的孔斯（Coons）曲面建模引入到导航用海洋重力异常图的加密重构中,建立了不同边界曲线的双一次Coons曲面和双三次C1Coons曲面重力异常模型。通过对实验区数据计算分析,结果表明基于Coons曲面建立的重力异常模型精度均高于双线性内插模型,且边界条件数越多,模型精度越高;同时利用现有全球SRTM30plus海深数据,借鉴于间接内插的思想,以布格异常基于Coons曲面进行重力异常图的重构,与空间重力异常直接建模相比,精度整体提高了25%。     

一种基于高斯马尔可夫随机场的异常目标探测方法

利用高斯马尔可夫随机场模型描述像元的邻域相关性信息,并将这种邻域信息引入到局域异常探测器中,提出了一种顾及邻域信息的高光谱遥感影像局域异常目标探测算法。实验证明,该方法克服了传统异常探测方法仅仅利用光谱信息的不足,比经典的RX算法的探测效果更好,并且可以更有效地探测出大于一个像元的异常目标。     

Improving gravity anomalies over China marginal sea from retracked Geosat and ERS-1 data

The quality of altimeter data and ocean tide model is critical to the recovery of coastal gravity anomalies. In this contribution, three retracking methods (threshold, improved threshold and Beta-5) are investigated with the aim of improving the altimeter data over a shallow water area. Comparison indicates that the improved threshold is the best retracking method over China Sea. Two ocean tide models, NAO99b and CSR4.0, are analyzed. Results show that different tide models used in the processing of altimeter data may result in differences more than 10 mGal in recovered coastal gravity anomalies. Also, NAO99b is more suitable than CSR4.0 over the shallow water area of China Sea. Finally, gravity anomalies over China Sea are calculated from retracked Geosat/GM and ERS-1/GM data by least squares collocation. Comparison with shipborne gravimetry data demonstrates that gravity anomalies from retracked data are significantly superior to those from non-retracked data. Our results have the same order as the other two altimeter-derived gravity models: Sandwell&Smith(V16) and DNSC08.     

2019-05-26秘鲁北部地震前低纬电离层变化分析北大核心CSCD

针对2019-05-26秘鲁北部M W8.0地震,利用CODE-TEC数据和GPS-TEC实测数据,分析此次地震前上空电离层总电子含量和电离层赤道异常变化。利用地震前2019-05-10~26总电子含量格网数据分析震前电离层赤道异常变化和电离层TEC随地理纬度的异常变化;然后利用RIOP和GLPS站的GPS-TEC数据,统计分析地震前电离层TEC日变化异常。结果表明,地震发生前3 d,电离层赤道异常“双峰”消失,且电离层TEC含量显著减少,可达10 TECu左右。在地震发生前3 d 16:00~20:00 UT,电离层TEC随纬度变化呈现双峰曲线特征,震中附近存在低谷,且在该期间RIOP和GLPS站电离层TEC也出现显著减少现象。     

惯性测量系统中垂线偏差和重力异常的确定

本文对惯性测量各项系统误差及异常重力场进行了分析和研究,并在此基础上建立了两种用于惯性重力测量的估算模型;模拟计算的结果表明,所建模型在原理上是可靠的,结果是令人满意的;同时,本文较为详细地分析了各项系统误差对异常重力元素估计精度的影响,对卡尔曼滤波应用中的有关问题进行了讨论。     

Ellipsoidal geoid computation

Modern geoid computation uses a global gravity model, such as EGM96, as a third component in a remove–restore process. The classical approach uses only two: the reference ellipsoid and a geometrical model representing the topography. The rationale for all three components is reviewed, drawing attention to the much smaller precision now needed when transforming residual gravity anomalies. It is shown that all ellipsoidal effects needed for geoid computation with millimetric accuracy are automatically included provided that the free air anomaly and geoid are calculated correctly from the global model. Both must be consistent with an ellipsoidal Earth and with the treatment of observed gravity data. Further ellipsoidal corrections are then negligible. Precise formulae are developed for the geoid height and the free air anomaly using a global gravity model, given as spherical harmonic coefficients. Although only linear in the anomalous potential, these formulae are otherwise exact for an ellipsoidal reference Earth—they involve closed analytical functions of the eccentricity (and the Earths spin rate), rather than a truncated power series in e². They are evaluated using EGM96 and give ellipsoidal corrections to the conventional free air anomaly ranging from –0.84 to +1.14 mGal, both extremes occurring in Tibet. The geoid error corresponding to these differences is dominated by longer wavelengths, so extrema occur elsewhere, rising to +766 mm south of India and falling to –594 mm over New Guinea. At short wavelengths, the difference between ellipsoidal corrections based only on EGM96 and those derived from detailed local gravity data for the North Sea geoid GEONZ97 has a standard deviation of only 3.3 mm. However, the long-wavelength components missed by the local computation reach 300 mm and have a significant slope. In Australia, for example, such a slope would amount to a 600-mm rise from Perth to Cairns.