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Damping‐adjusted combination rule for the response spectrum analysis of base‐isolated buildings

The classical response spectrum method continues to be the most popular approach for designing base‐isolated buildings, therefore avoiding computationally expensive nonlinear time‐history analyses. In this framework, a new method for the seismic analysis and design of building structures with base isolation system (BIS) is formulated and numerically validated, which enables one to overcome the main shortcomings of existing techniques based on the response spectrum method. The main advantages are the following: first, reduced computational effort with respect to an exact complex‐valued modal analysis, which is obtained through a transformation of coordinates in two stages, both involving real‐valued eigenproblems; second, effective representation of the damping, which is pursued by consistently defining different viscous damping ratios for the modes of vibration of the coupled BIS‐superstructure dynamic system; and third, ease of use, because a convenient reinterpretation of the combination coefficients leads to a novel damping‐adjusted combination rule, in which just a single response spectrum is required for the reference value of the viscous damping ratio. The proposed approach is specifically intended for design situations where (i) the dynamic behaviour of seismic isolators can be linearised and (ii) effects of nonproportional damping, as measured by modal coupling indexes, are negligible in the BIS‐superstructure assembly. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

长岭气田火山岩体分布特征及连通性评价

针对长岭火山岩气藏地质条件的复杂性,为了合理部署设计水平并,实现储量高效动用提供依据,运用动静结合的方法,以火山喷发旋回为基础,以标志层为界限,以地震剖面上可连续追踪为手段,结合测井曲线不同组合特征及试采井气体组份变化,刻画出长岭火山岩发育上下两个期次的岩性系列、九个火山岩体。其中,上部四个酸性含气火山岩体互不连通独立成藏,是下一步开发评价的重点目标区。在经后期多口实钻井,证实了这种动静结合岩体刻画的方法较为可靠,这对其它同类火山岩气藏的开发具有重要的指导意义。     

四川江油-广元地区上石炭统碳酸盐岩微相及其沉积环境分析

四川江油-广元地区上石炭统碳酸盐岩发育良好,厚度不大,化石丰富,含多层紫红色砾屑生物碎屑灰岩和泥岩韵律层,在整个华南同期沉积中颇具特色。根据野外观察和室内显微分析,共识别出15种微相类型。根据这些微相类型在纵向和横向上的组合与分布特点,参考Wilson的标准微相和镶边碳酸盐岩台地沉积模式,利用微相组合分析将这些微相组合划分到4个相带,即蒸发台地、局限台地、开阔台地和台地边缘浅滩。沉积相带的变化特征表明研究区晚石炭世存在着多期海侵-海退旋回,其中在黄龙组上段沉积中期海侵达到最大值,使得川西北大部分地区和川东地区广泛接受碳酸盐岩沉积。江油-广元地区上石炭统特殊岩层的研究表明:黄龙组下部4套红层具有浅海陆棚上部近积风暴岩的特征;船山组核形石灰岩粒序层及其地球化学特征表明核形石的形成可能与晚石炭世晚期全球冰期事件有密切的关系。     

雪峰山西侧盆山过渡带油气成藏地质特征 和破坏类型

对雪峰山西侧盆山过渡带油气成藏的基本特征进行了总结,划分出该区在燕山—喜马拉雅期强烈构造改造作用下可能残存的5套含油气组合。总结了区内典型的成藏特征,提出该区下古生界地层中油气具有多源供烃、多期成藏特征,并经历了“古油藏”阶段,构造隆升剥蚀作用是造成油气保存条件不好的重要因素。提出在晚期构造强烈改造区中也存在油气保存条件相对较好的地区,这类地区主要位于“隔槽式”褶皱主背斜的断层下盘、两翼潜伏构造及复向斜等下寒武统、下志留统区域性泥岩盖层分布地区。研究区地层中存在原生、次生、再生型油气藏,无论哪类油气藏,“构造型油气藏”在构造强烈改造后保存下来的几率变小,“非构造型油气藏”(主要是岩性油气藏)保存下来的几率较高。通过分析研究区古油气藏的破坏条件,提出了五大类10亚类油气藏破坏类型划分方案,指出研究区存在多种破坏类型的古油藏。     

山东省滑坡地质灾害类型及成因分析

滑坡地质灾害是山丘区突发性地质灾害的一种,根据岩性组合对山东省滑坡地质灾害进行了分类,同时分析了各种滑坡类型分布的地貌特征,形成原因,对今后发现和预防滑坡地质灾害具有借鉴参考意义。     

克拉苏构造带盐下超深层储层裂缝组合模式及分布规律

克拉苏构造带盐下超深层储层属于裂缝性低孔砂岩储层,构造裂缝普遍发育,分布复杂且对单井产量影响较大。目前针对该地区储层裂缝的研究已投入大量的工作,主要体现在裂缝的描述、表征和预测等方面,但由于该地区地震资料分辨率低、岩心资料少、成像测井多解性强,裂缝的研究受到一定程度的限制,生产中仅应用了裂缝密度、开度等统计数据。笔者综合野外露头、岩心和测井等资料,从裂缝组合的角度出发,系统开展了该地区储层裂缝及其组合特征研究。发现构造裂缝存在主次之分,主裂缝规模相对较大,一般垂直于地层,多为张性或张剪性,次级裂缝一般是主裂缝的伴生缝。裂缝之间存在多种接触关系,主要表现为"T"、"λ"、"y"、"τ"字等形状。依据裂缝之间的排列接触关系,建立了该地区储层裂缝四种组合模式,即"平行状"、"扫帚状"、"调节状"、"雁列状"。结合各裂缝组合成因的差异和断背斜形成过程中的构造演化过程,划分了裂缝组合平面三类成因区,即调节成因区、褶皱成因区、断裂成因区,与之对应的是高产井部署的一类区、二类区、三类区。