多道瞬态面波勘探频散曲线唯一性问题

针对多道瞬态面波勘探在频率-波数域提取频散曲线会出现多解性这一现象进行了研究,并利用3种不同的激震方式在多处进行了对比试验,给出了不同激震方式在频率-波数域提取频散曲线唯一性的深度范围,认为频散曲线的唯一性是进行正确地质解释的依据。     

浙江省静止卫星白天大雾识别方法研究与检验

根据大雾在可见光、长波红外波段的反射及辐射特征差异,基于高时空分辨率的FY2E静止卫星开展白天大雾识别方法研究。统计分析白天大雾的卫星特征并提取多通道动态阈值,并与自动站观测数据相结合,利用阈值叠加可以实现大雾的自动识别。研究发现,白天大雾的反射率一般介于20%~50%,红外亮温一般集中在270~285 K的范围,通过双通道阈值的结合,基本可以滤除海洋、地表和厚云,达到粗判识大雾的目的。另外,由于地表温度和长波红外亮温的正相关,分季节设定阈值可以适当提高识别准确率,并且同一时刻的大雾反射率和亮温存在像元的均一性特征,因此,实时动态提取双通道阈值,缩小阈值区间,有利于降低虚报率;大雾的细判识需要结合相对湿度的观测数据,滤除低湿区,可以使TS评分增加20%以上。通过对16天大雾样本的检验表明,探测率达到92%,漏报率为8%,但虚报率较高,达到32%,TS评分达到62。可见,卫星双通道和自动站数据的结合应用,在大雾的自动识别中可以达到较高的准确率,但是低云覆盖下的大雾识别存在高虚报的情况,精细分离低云、轻雾和大雾仍然存在困难。     

中国东南沿海地区大气反常结构遥感初探

对流层大气作为电波传播的主要媒介,其大气剖面参数直接影响无线电系统的作用距离和导航、定位精度,因此,研究大气剖面的微波遥感技术,尤其是大气反常结构,对分析评估无线电信息系统在复杂大气环境条件下工作性能和提供电波折射修正精度等具有重要的应用价值。中国东南沿海地区一直是研究的热点区域,本文选取青岛、射阳、厦门、海口4个站的气象探空仪观测数据,统计了这些地区大气波导的平均高度和厚度,对采用地基多通道微波辐射计的天顶和扫角亮温遥感其参数的算法进行了初步探索,提出了改进的组合神经网络算法来判别并遥感大气波导。同时,使用多年的探空数据对该算法进行了仿真验证,并用青岛气象站的实测数据验证了该算法的精度。结果表明该算法可用于遥感大气反常结构,并且与以往的算法相比更加实用、有效,可为雷达、通信、导航等系统设备提供环境信息保障。     

折射方法在南海北部潮汕坳陷中生界地层研究中的应用

潮汕坳陷是中生界地层为主的沉积坳陷,被认为是南海油气勘探的重要勘探领域.潮汕坳陷已有丰富的多道反射地震资料,但是由于多次波干扰严重,获取的反射波速度精度低.潮汕坳陷多道反射地震资料中包含丰富的折射波数据,但是很少人重视多道地震记录中的折射波信息并利用他.在此我们通过编写处理程序拾取了折射层的地震速度.试验测线所在海区的水深在600-800m,测线的最大偏移距为6 250m.测线所测的第三系地震折射波速度为2.0-2.5km·s-1,与潮汕坳陷其他地方的第三系地震波速度基本相等.但是潮汕坳陷西南部中生界的地震折射波速度在3.5-4.2km·s-1,低于潮汕坳陷中东部中生界的地震波速度(4.0-5.0km·s-1),预示潮汕坳陷西南部油气储集物性可能较好.     

多通道带乘性噪声系统观测噪声的最优估计

研究在多通道观测时观测噪声的最优估计问题。就多通道的乘性噪声为对角阵且动态噪声一步相关并与观测噪声在同时刻和过去相邻时刻也相关的复杂情况下给出了在线性最小方差意义下的观测噪声最优滤波估计算法和固定区间平滑估计算法。针对这些算法进行了仿真研究 ,仿真结果表明了算法的有效性。     

A seismic survey to detect natural gas hydrate in the East Sea of Korea

Recently, several countries have conducted projects to explore and develop natural gas hydrate, which is one of the new alternative energy resources for the future. In Korea, a five-year national research project was initiated in 2000. As part of this project, a seismic survey was performed in the East Sea of Korea to quantify the potential magnitude and distribution of natural gas hydrates. Multi-channel seismic data and core samples have been acquired and recovered in the survey area. Analysis of seismic data show clear bottom simulating reflectors (BSRs), seismic blank zones (or wipe-out zones) with velocity pull-up structure, and pock-marks. In this study, we present the results of seismic surveys which indicate the existence of natural gas hydrates in Korean offshore areas. These results will be applied to select areas for coring (or drilling) and detailed exploration such as 2D seismic survey with long offset or 3D seismic in the future.     

多通道波长色散X射线荧光光谱仪的升级改造

采用面向对象、开放式、功能模块化结构设计原理及X射线荧光光谱分析数据处理和信息共享等方面的新技术，研究开发了多通道波长色散X射线荧光光谱仪仪器控制和分析应用软件，在中文Windows XP／2000平台运行。操作界面全部中文显示，具有定量、半定量、定性分析等多种X射线荧光光谱分析的整体解决方案，功能完善，操作方便，分析效率高，易于维护和移植，具有较好的推广应用前景。     

STUDY ON SST IN THE NORTHWESTERN PACIFIC OCEAN WITH SATELLITE OBSERVATIONS*

On the basis of extracting the clear brightness temperature in GMS-4 infrared data,the tests have been carried out by using three methods for SST retrieval in the northwestern Pacific Ocean in August 1993.Considering error amplification is the inherent feature in the single channel physical method,two statistical methods are developed.One is a single channel method.Its precision is 1.186℃,which is superior to that of other similar methods.The other is a multi-channel method using both TOVS and GMS-4 data.Its precision is 1.061℃,which is matched with that of other current multi-channel statistical methods(0.5-1.36℃).The retrieval SST distributions obtained by the two methods are in good agreement with conventional observations.     

基于瑞雷波法的成都盆地场地剪切波速结构确定

在2008年的汶川地震中获得了大量的有价值数据和资料,使得成都盆地成为了研究的热点.为了能够获得成都盆地场地剪切波速结构,为成都盆地及汶川地震的进一步研究提供基本数据支持,本文利用多道面波分析方法在成都盆地(E:103°～105°,N:30°～32°)布置了40个面波测点进行场地剪切波速结构和覆盖层厚度的调查,测点间距...     

Application of multi-channel two-dimensional transient Rayleigh wave exploration in goaf detection

The transient Rayleigh wave exploration has high detection accuracy in shallow exploration. The effect of detection array is comprehensive reflection of the velocity of rock and soilmass. Therefore, the rolling multi-channel transient acquisition system has been adopted in this study, which turns one dimensional transient Rayleigh wave exploration into two dimensions, consequently, the two-dimensional velocity distribution of rock and soil mass under the survey line has been achieved. Through comparing with the shallow seismic reflected wave exploration, the result indicates that the rolling multi-channel transient acquisition system has accurate resolution. Thus, in the process of the shallow reflected wave exploration, if the surface wave has developed, the coalition between the reflected wave exploration and the two-dimensional transient Rayleigh wave exploration should actualize the accuracy of exp loration.