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41.
Of particular concern in the monitoring of gas injection for the purposes of storage, disposal or improved oil recovery is the exact spatial distribution of the gas volumes in the subsurface. In principle this requirement is addressed by the use of 4D seismic data, although it is recognized that the seismic response still largely provides a qualitative estimate of moved subsurface fluids. Exact quantitative evaluation of fluid distributions and associated saturations remains a challenge to be solved. Here, an attempt has been made to produce mapped quantitative estimates of the gas volume injected into a clastic reservoir. Despite good results using three accurately repeated seismic surveys, time‐delay and amplitude attributes reveal fine‐scale differences though large‐scale agreement in the estimated fluid movement. These differences indicate disparities in the nature of the two attributes themselves, which can be explained by several possible causes. Of most impact are the effects of processing and migration, wave interference effects and noise from non‐repeatability of the seismic surveys. This subject highlights the need for a more careful consideration in 4D acquisition, amplitude processing and use of true amplitude preserving attributes in quantitative interpretation. 相似文献
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水平井的开发技术关键之一是建立油气藏的精细三雏地质模型,据此可以确定明确的地质目标.常规的储层地质建模忽视了水平井与地层在空间上的独特配置关系,无法体现和充分利用其在表征储层属性空间展布特征上的优势.这里着重讲述了针对水平井开发的储层地质建模,引入了水平井储层概念模型,探讨了平面单元网格划分模式,并以塔河1区三叠系下油... 相似文献
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The effect of topography on moss vegetation is examined to clarify the processes that affect the colonization of polar deserts on continental Antarctica. Data on the presence of the mosses Bryum pseudotriquetrum and Pottia heimii, and relative altitude were recorded. The altitude measurements were used to infer the underlying topographical attributes of the substrate in the study plots. Specifically, the local distribution of moss plants was clarified using the topographical attributes to construct generalized linear mixed models (GLMMs). The models suggested that steep slopes and convex microhabitats within areas of concave general relief (at the plot scale 4 × 4 m) promoted the establishment of moss. This correspondence to general relief was more apparent for B. pseudotriquetrum than for P. heimii. Among the study plots, general relief was found to be an important determinant of the precise spatial distribution of B. pseudotriquetrum. The standard surface estimated using the robust methods presented in this study is shown to be more accurate for describing moss distribution than the prevailing least-squares method. 相似文献
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Advances in quality, acquisition and processing of high-resolution digital topography over the past decade have enabled geomorphologists to interpret topography in terms of tectonic processes in a quantitative and more objective way. This study defines the tectonic impact of the North Anatolian fault system (NAFS) on the evaluation and activity of the Bolu pull-apart basin using morphometric indices based on topographic maps. In this study, three different indices including valley floor width to height ratio (Vf), asymmetry factor (Af), and Stream Length Gradient Index (SL) are applied to the tectonic basin area. To detect the deviation from spatial randomness of applied indices, the weighted correlation coefficient Moran’s I is used, and results are interpreted at 99% confidence interval. According to the results, the tectonic impact of NAFS on the northern and western sides of the basin distinctly differs from one another. Clustered distribution of Vf and Af values on the southern side of the basin margin reveals that this side of the basin margin is tectonically more deformed compared with the northern side. The applied methodology reveals that the spatial analysis of the morphometric indices proved to be the effective tool in analyzing tectonic influence of the fault system on the opposite side of the basin margins. 相似文献
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北黄海盆地东部坳陷火成岩分布复杂并具有多期性,直接影响了油气成藏作用,然而目前对其空间分布尚缺乏深入认识,制约着该区勘探开发的部署。利用全三维地震资料,根据地震反射特征识别出了不同类型的火成岩地震相模式,并对其不同特征进行了分析,通过地震相识别进行平面追踪,结合时间切片三维地震技术及属性分析对火成岩分布进行了预测。结果表明,北黄海盆地东部坳陷主要发育柱状、尖峰状、蘑菇状和丘状4种火成岩反射地震相;研究区火成岩分区性较明显,主要发育3处火成岩体,分别位于东部隆起剥蚀区、坳陷中部和坳陷的西北部。 相似文献
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三维地震可视化解释技术及其应用 总被引:1,自引:1,他引:0
三维可视化解释方法与传统剖面解释方法不同,解释人员可以完全、快速地分析每一个层面而且可直接进行地层特征解释,分析构造细节特征,内部岩性变化特征及可能的地质异常。使人们定性、定量化地得到沉积环境、地层相带及油藏描述的解释。其次,可以找出储存在构造和地层圈闭中的新储量,确定有利的井位。 相似文献
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