钢筋混凝土框架中震可修标准及简化抗震设计方法

本文对国际上主要建筑抗震设计规范中钢筋混凝土框架可修水准的层间位移角限值进行了比较,讨论了国内的一些相关研究结果,结合中国抗震规范确定钢筋混凝土框架中震可修层间位移角限值和屋顶侧移率限值分别为1/150和1/200。采用安全系数的抗震设计表达、论述了对应于结构层间位移角基于承载力的简化抗震设计方法。最后用实例按反应谱分析和弹性时程分析验证了钢筋混凝土框架中震可修层间位移角限值的有效控制作用,初步确定了简化抗震设计方法中梁柱构件的抗震安全系数并分析了提高目前结构抗震安全度的措施。     

5级以上地震前中小地震的统计研究

通过对中国1980~2004年6月期间5级以上地震的研究,统计中国西部、华南、华北5级以上地震震前是否有系列小地震发生。结果表明:5级以上地震在震前不同时期,距震中近距离范围内有系列的小地震发生;在6级地震前50km范围内有系列3~4级地震发生,概率为44%左右;西部7级地震前会有系列的4~6级地震发生,发生4级地震的概率为44%左右,发生5~6级地震的概率为11%左右。     

Hekla 1947, 1845, 1510 and 1158 tephra in Finland: challenges of tracing tephra from moderate eruptions

Several cryptotephra layers that originate from Icelandic volcanic eruptions with a volcanic explosivity index (VEI) of ≤ 4 and tephra volumes of < 1 km³ have previously been identified in Northern Europe, albeit within a restricted geographical area. One of these is the Hekla 1947 tephra that formed a visible fall-out in southern Finland. We searched for the Hekla 1947 tephra from peat archives within the previously inferred fall-out zone but found no evidence of its presence. Instead, we report the first identification of Hekla 1845 and Hekla 1510 cryptotephra layers outside of Iceland, the Faroe Islands, Ireland and the UK. Additionally, Hekla 1158 tephra was found in Finland for the first time. Our results confirm that Icelandic eruptions of moderate size can form cryptotephra deposits that are extensive enough to be used in inter-regional correlations of environmental archives and carry a great potential for refining regional tephrochronological frameworks. Our results also reveal that Icelandic tephra has been dispersed into Finnish airspace at least seven times during the past millennium and in addition to a direct eastward route the ash clouds can travel either via a northerly or a southerly transport pathway.     

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中国大陆勒夫(LOVE)波群速度成像

利用中国数字化地震台网（ＣＤＳＮ）的长周期面波资料,用适配滤波频时分析技术（ＭＦ－ＦＴＡＮ）计算穿过中国大陆多路径的勒夫波群速度混合路径频散,选出其中的５０条路径,利用Ｔａｌａｎｔｏｒａ ａｎｄ Ｖａｌｅｔｔｅ的广义反演理论,获得１０～１５０秒周期的中国大陆勒夫波群速度分布,初步得到对应中国大陆地质构造块体的群速度频散特性,为进一步分析中国大陆地壳、上地幔结构提供了基础资料。     

中分辨率成像光谱仪图像积雪反射特性的初步分析研究

通过对中分辨率成像光谱仪图像２６个连续波段的同点采样,获得从可见到红外光谱一个完整的积雪反射特性系列,在背景气候,气象数据信息的支持下,进行图像积雪反射特性与同类积雪实测反射特性的对比分析。结果表明：本研究所使用的中分辨率成像光谱仪图像积雪反射特性反映了积雪变化的过程,同时与地面光谱仪实测数据有一定的对应关系,同类积雪在可见光波谱区的光谱反射基本吻合,据此,反演积雪类型的图像分类是可行的。     

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利用波形持续时间估算新疆地区中小地震震级

持续时间震级是常规震级类型之一,主要适用于区域地震台网。目前,国内多个地区已有持续时间震级经验公式,但中小地震频繁的新疆地区却没有较适用的经验公式。为了更好地把握新疆地区中小地震的震级,使用新疆测震台网数据,利用地震波形振动持续时间估算震级,对新疆地区2019年8月—2020年12月发生的225个M 2.0—4.0中小地震事件进行统计分析,将各事件持续时间与震级进行散点分析及对数拟合,得到新疆地区持续时间—震级规律与经验公式以及震级与持续时间的对照表。     

The improvement of an object-oriented classification using multi-temporal MODIS EVI satellite data

Abstract

This paper investigates the contribution of multi-temporal enhanced vegetation index (EVI) data to the improvement of object-based classification accuracy using multi-spectral moderate resolution imaging spectral-radiometer (MODIS) imagery. In object-oriented classification, similar pixels are firstly grouped together and then classified; the produced result does not suffer the speckled appearance and closer to human vision. EVI data are from the MODIS sensor aboard Terra spacecraft. 69 EVI data (scenes) were collected during the period of three years (2001–2003) in a mountainous vegetated area. These data sets were used to study the phenology of the land cover types. Different land cover types show distinct fluctuations over time in EVI values and this information might be used to improve object-oriented land cover classification. Two experiments were carried out: one was only with single date MODIS multispectral data, and the other one including also the 69 EVI images. Eight classes were distinguished: temperate forest, tropical dry forest, grassland, irrigated agriculture, rain-fed agriculture, orchards, lava flows and human settlement. The two classifications were evaluated with independent verification data, and the results showed that with multi-temporal EVI data, the classification accuracy was improved 5.2%. Evaluated by McNemar's test, this improved was significant, with significance level p=0.01.     

芦山7.0级地震前川滇地区中等地震密集活动

通过分析川滇地区12组4~5级地震密集活动及其对应强震的时空关系,研究结果表明:中等地震密集活动中的最大地震震级与后续强震震级不相关;对应地震与密集活动的时间间隔多在半年内;利用4、5级地震密集活动作为M≥6.7地震1年尺度的预报异常,预报效能R值为0.258 5;在云南地区,强震多发生在密集地震集中区,而四川的强震多发生在4、5级地震不活跃区。