Application of discovery process models in estimating petroleum resources at the play level in China

Discovery process modeling has gained wide acceptance in the Chinese exploration community. In recent years, a variety of discovery process models have been applied to the prediction of undiscovered petroleum resources at the play level in sedimentary basins in China. However, challenging problems have been encountered, particularly when one method alone has been applied to small plays in nonmarine sedimentary basins or in plays with an unusual order of discovery wells. This paper presents results gotten by using the lognormal discovery process model of the Geological Survey of Canada and the geoanchored method for three petroleum plays in basins with different geologic settings. Although the predicted shapes of the parentsize distributions which use these two models, were not always similar, the expected values of the total resources and the number of fields (pools) to be discovered are comparable. The combined use of two discovery process models in the same play compensates for the weaknesses in one method compared with the other and vice versa. Thus, more reliable estimates are the result.     

用显微荧光和显微傅立叶红外光谱研究显微组分的热演化规律

镜质体反射率是确定油源岩成熟度最广泛使用的参数，显微荧光强度及其变化也已成为检测烃源岩有机质生烃尤其是生油的标志之一，而红外光谱在研究生油母质干酪根的结构、类型和生烃潜力等方面均取得了大量的研究成果，特别是傅立叶红外显微镜的问世，给单显微组分提供了一种有效的研究手段。本文应用上述方法对一套人工熟化样品进行了检测和分析，探讨了显微组分的光性演变特征和化学成分的变化规律，并建立了显微组分的生油模式。     

构造非平稳运动定量研究的MDD模式制约

利用ＭＤＤ模式得到的连续冷曲线，可以定量地描述地质体的冷却（隆升）过程；采自我国７个不同地区中３８个钾长石ＭＤＤ模式研究结果证明，快速冷却事件存在的普遍性，不同的快速冷却速度可能反映了不同的构造事件；突变因子（δｖｉ）可以定量地描述地质体非平稳运动以及突变程度，并且使得不同地质事件非平稳程度的对比成为可能。     

湘南区域地层地球化学特征及其成矿意义

在系统统计湘南地区出露地层各类岩石成矿元素丰度，总体平均含量，浓度克拉克值和叠加强度参数基础上，结合湘南地区成矿特点，分析了Ｗ，Ｓｎ，Ｐｂ，Ｚｎ，Ｓｂ等元素的成矿作用，初步认为湘南地区仅沉积作用，海底火山作用及热卤水作用难以形成上述元素的大型矿床，但通过沉积改造，热液叠加作用有可能形成层控型铅，锌矿床和锑矿床。     

中条山—塔儿山成矿带C─Fe─Au矿床成矿系列及成矿模式

中条山—塔儿山成矿带属滨西太平洋成矿域华北断块金、银、铜、铅、锌、锰、铝土矿、金刚石成矿区中的３级成矿带，其中包括２个成矿系列、７个成矿亚系列和１１个矿床式。２个成矿系列具有成矿世代的“双层性”、成矿物质来源的二元性、成矿作用的三阶段和矿化带展布与地质构造单元的趋近性等一系列特征     

秦岭巴山地区高陵─达县重磁剖面初步解释

高陵－达县剖面位于秦岭中段，斜跨中朝准地台、秦岭褶皱系、扬子准地台三大构造单元。在研究剖面实磁场特征的基础上，综合地质、物性、省内及邻省深部物探资料，建立了剖面地质－地球物理模型，依此对剖面通过地段的地壳结构、断裂带深部特征、三大构造单元的深部格架进行了解释推断。     

茅台酒酿酒高梁的地质环境研究

茅台酒对酿酒高梁有严格要求，适于茅台酒传统酿造工艺的高梁只产于仁怀县的某些地区，主要是受地质环境的控制。仁怀高梁对某些常量和微量元素有着鲜明的选择性，对磷和钼表现出强烈的吸收作用。岩－土剖面元素的迁聚，对磷和铝的供应是确定仁怀高梁品质和产量的关键。侏罗系砂泥岩、二叠系煤系地层的岩－土剖面，元素淋溶微弱，总量丰富，有效态含量高，组合良好，能正常进行岩－土－高梁系统的物质转化与元素迁移，能充分供应高梁生长所需的磷和钼等元素，是茅台酒酿酒高梁的最宜种植区。     

现代成矿预测若干理论述评

以成矿理论为支撑的现代成矿预测理论取得了长足的进展，对现代矿产勘查与评价实践工作具有重要的指导意义；据成矿预测理论近年来的进展，结合笔者等的研究工作体会，述评地质异常、矿床的成矿系列、矿床模型和超大型矿床勘查等成矿预测理论。     

Comparison of the pseudo-static and dynamic behaviour of gravity retaining walls

Summary Pseudo-static and dynamic non-linear finite element analyses have been performed to assess the dynamic behaviour of gravity retaining walls subjected to horizontal earthquake loading. In the pseudo-static analysis, the peak ground acceleration is converted into a pseudo-static inertia force and applied as a horizontal incremental gravity load. In the dynamic analysis, an actual measured earthquake acceleration time history has been scaled to provide peak ground acceleration values of 0.1 g and 0.3 g. Good agreement is obtained between the pseudo-static analysis and analytical methods for the calculation of the active coefficient of earth pressure. However, the results from the dynamic analysis require careful interpretation. In the pseudo-static analysis, the increase in the point of application of the resultant active force with the horizontal earthquake coefficient k _h from the one-third point to the mid-height of the wall is clearly observed. In the dynamic analysis, the variation in the point of application is shown to be a function of the type of wall deformation. Both finite element analyses indicate the importance of determining the magnitude of the predicted displacements when assessing the behaviour of the wall to seismic loading.     

海州式磷矿床地质特征及其成矿模式

海州式磷矿成矿物质有多种来源。磷元素在地壳发展过程中，随着磷矿成矿作用不同阶段物化条件等改变而变化，将成矿划分为沉积、变质及改造三阶段。中元古代早期海州群锦屏组，肥东群双山 ，宿松群柳坪组和虎踏石组及红安群七角山组下段为其“源”，磷块岩形成后，由于变质、混合岩化交代和风化淋滤作用，使磷质活化，在一定的空间富集成矿。