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891.
Paul Raterron Prame Chopra Jean-Claude Doukhan 《Earth and Planetary Science Letters》2000,180(3-4):415-423
Two natural dunites were annealed at pressure P=300 MPa, temperature T=1373, 1473 and 1573 K, and fO2 within the stability field of olivine. The starting materials contained small amounts of hydroxyls in the form of minor phases of hydrated minerals, which released an aqueous phase during the experiments. A detailed analytical transmission electron microscopy (ATEM) investigation of these materials revealed that small quantities of two types of silica-rich glass formed during heat treatment. The first type of glass, found at triple junctions as rare partially crystallized glass pockets, results from melting dehydration reactions involving the hydrous phases. The second type of glass is found as pure silica precipitates (0.1–0.5 μm in size, for a total of a few 0.1 vol%) within the olivine grains of specimens heated to ≥1473 K. From considerations of the kinetics of the precipitation at 1473 K, we interpret this silica precipitation as resulting from the condensation of olivine metallic vacancies promoted by increasing fluid fugacities during the runs. Our observations, thus, demonstrate that metastable silica can precipitate in olivine from dunites experiencing rapid changes in their thermodynamical environment. 相似文献
892.
Deborah P. Ruffle Eric Herbst 《Monthly notices of the Royal Astronomical Society》2000,319(3):837-850
In recent years it has become evident that large differences can exist between model results of grain-surface chemistry obtained from a rate equation approach and from a Monte Carlo technique. This dichotomy has led to the development of a modified rate equation method, in which a key element is the artificial slowing down of the diffusion rate of surface hydrogen atoms. Recent laboratory research into the surface diffusion rate of atomic hydrogen suggests that atomic hydrogen moves more slowly on grains than heretofore assumed. This research appears to lessen the need for modifications to the rate equation method. Based on the new laboratory work, we have developed appropriate models of gas-phase and grain-surface chemistry in quiescent dense cloud cores to examine the chemical effects of slowing down the rate at which atomic H can scan over dust surfaces. Furthermore, we have investigated the effect of slowing down the rate at which all species can move over grain surfaces. 相似文献
893.
894.
Grzegorz Kaczmarczyk 《Monthly notices of the Royal Astronomical Society》2000,316(4):875-884
The observations made by the Goddard High Resolution Spectrograph (GHRS) aboard the Hubble Space Telescope ( HST ) of molecular CO in absorbing gas towards X Persei are reported. The two-component statistical equilibrium model incorporating radiative excitation of CO by line emission at the same velocity that originates in nearby molecular clouds has been used to reproduce high-resolution GHRS spectra. Earlier analysis indicates that the cloud has a complex structure and at least a two-component model should be used to obtain accurate results. The spectra obtained from the International Ultraviolet Explorer ( IUE ) were used to complement GHRS data and constrain the space of possible solutions. The new oscillator strengths recommended by Eidelsberg et al. for A–X bands have been used. The results show that one of the components may be attributed to the Perseus OB2 molecular cloud, and the other component to an extension of the Taurus dark cloud. The total CO column density N (CO)=(1.0±0.2)×1016 cm−2 has been determined. According to the results about 85 per cent of the observed CO belongs to an extension of the Taurus dark cloud. The CO radiation that originates in nearby molecular clouds may be the dominant excitation mechanism of the observed CO. The early results of 13 CO line analysis indicate a 13 CO/12 CO ratio of about 40. 相似文献
895.
Avinash A. Deshpande 《Monthly notices of the Royal Astronomical Society》2000,317(1):199-204
During the past decade or so, measurements of Galactic H i absorption using VLBI against extragalactic sources, as well as multi-epoch observations in pulsar directions, have detected small-scale transverse variations corresponding to tens of au at the distance of the absorbing matter. Hitherto these measurements have been interpreted as small-scale structure in the H i distribution with densities n H i ∼104 –105 cm−3 , orders of magnitude greater than those of the pc-scale structure. Naturally, it is difficult to imagine how such structures could exist in equilibrium with other components of the ISM.
In this paper we show that structure on all scales contributes to the differences on neighbouring lines of sight, and that the observed differences can be accounted for by a natural extension of the distribution of irregularities in the distribution of H i opacities at larger scales, using a single power law. This, in our opinion, should put an end to the decades-long puzzle of the so-called small-scale structure in H i and other species in the Galaxy. 相似文献
In this paper we show that structure on all scales contributes to the differences on neighbouring lines of sight, and that the observed differences can be accounted for by a natural extension of the distribution of irregularities in the distribution of H i opacities at larger scales, using a single power law. This, in our opinion, should put an end to the decades-long puzzle of the so-called small-scale structure in H i and other species in the Galaxy. 相似文献
896.
897.
金属活动态提取法及其在黑龙江大兴安岭森林覆盖区的应用 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
文雪琴 《地球科学与环境学报》2006,28(4):43-48
介绍了金属活动态的理论依据、成晕机制及提取方法,并应用金属活动态提取法在大兴安岭原始森林覆盖区对已知矿进行试验研究,发现在高寒森林覆盖区,利用金的水提取态异常强度低,异常不明显,而金的粘土结合态和铁锰氧化物结合态异常清晰地反映在矿体上方,异常强度居于中等。金的有机质结合态异常值虽然高,但容易受有机质在样品中颗粒大小等因素的影响而使异常出现多个峰值。总之,利用金属活动态提取法在高寒森林覆盖区进行找矿可以快速有效地确定异常,但要注意排除过多有机杂质在提取过程中的影响。 相似文献
898.
于明旭 《测绘与空间地理信息》2020,(2):38-40
点云配准精度是决定三维重建模型的质量因素之一,目前,最常用是ICP点云配准算法,经典的ICP算法易局部收敛,影响点云配准精度。本文提出基于间接平差的ICP点云配准算法,设定目标点集中目标点坐标与转入目标点集中的点坐标之间的距离阈值实现点云精确配准。通过与经典ICP算法对比可知,本算法在一定程度上提高了点云配准精度和速度。 相似文献
899.
随着数字高程模型(DEM)在电力行业的广泛应用,电力地图需求部门对数字高程模型的要求越来越高.针对在数字高程模型生产中,电力业主方提供的立体模型高程基准不统一的问题,本文提出了基于特征数据的DEM基础转换方法.该方法在进行DEM制作过程中采用先采集特征数据,后转换特征数据高程基准的方式,实现了DEM成果的高程基准的转换... 相似文献
900.
讨论了一类实解析函数在极小(大)值点附近存在凸(凹)性区间的条件,得到了如下主要结果:若非常值函数y=f(x)在x0处取得极小(大)值,且在x0的某一邻域G内实解析的。则存在x0的一小邻域G^*包含G,使得原函数在G^*上为凸(凹)的。 相似文献