CG-6型重力仪零漂特性研究

对中国地震局地震研究所最新引进的4台CG-6型相对重力仪的零漂特性进行测试研究,结果表明,4台重力仪的静态零漂率、混合零漂率和动态零漂率均小于8 μGal/h,满足厂家给出的技术指标。在较长观测时间内,各台仪器的零漂均存在不同程度的非线性特征,因此在进行较长时间的野外观测以及后续数据处理中,不宜将零漂率作为常数进行解算和零漂改正。     

Upper ocean high resolution regional modeling of the Arabian Sea and Bay of Bengal

In this paper, effort is made to demonstrate the quality of high-resolution regional ocean circulation model in realistically simulating the circulation and variability properties of the northern Indian Ocean(10°S–25°N,45°–100°E) covering the Arabian Sea(AS) and Bay of Bengal(BoB). The model run using the open boundary conditions is carried out at 10 km horizontal resolution and highest vertical resolution of 2 m in the upper ocean.The surface and sub-surface structure of hydrographic variables(temperature and salinity) and currents is compared against the observations during 1998–2014(17 years). In particular, the seasonal variability of the sea surface temperature, sea surface salinity, and surface currents over the model domain is studied. The highresolution model's ability in correct estimation of the spatio-temporal mixed layer depth(MLD) variability of the AS and BoB is also shown. The lowest MLD values are observed during spring(March-April-May) and highest during winter(December-January-February) seasons. The maximum MLD in the AS(BoB) during December to February reaches 150 m (67 m). On the other hand, the minimum MLD in these regions during March-April-May becomes as low as 11–12 m. The influence of wind stress, net heat flux and freshwater flux on the seasonal variability of the MLD is discussed. The physical processes controlling the seasonal cycle of sea surface temperature are investigated by carrying out mixed layer heat budget analysis. It is found that air-sea fluxes play a dominant role in the seasonal evolution of sea surface temperature of the northern Indian Ocean and the contribution of horizontal advection, vertical entrainment and diffusion processes is small. The upper ocean zonal and meridional volume transport across different sections in the AS and BoB is also computed. The seasonal variability of the transports is studied in the context of monsoonal currents.     

一种海洋混合层深度的智能识别方法研究

文章提出了一种识别混合层深度的人工智能方法。该方法在温度(密度)与压强(或深度)间建立线性模型, 并且将其系数和方差做成一组表征廓线特征的统计量。初始时为模型设定一个主观的先验分布, 在一个自海表向下移动的窗口内通过贝叶斯链式法则和最小描述长度原理学习新数据, 得到系数均值的最大后验概率估计。用F-检验识别系数发生突变的位置, 以此确定混合层的存在性及其深度。通过2017年2月太平洋海域的地转海洋学实时观测阵(Array for Real-time Geostrophic Oceanography, ARGO)数据进行测试, 并且以质量因子(Quality Index, QI)值作为判断识别混合层深度结果准确性的依据, 发现该方法相比于梯度法、阈值法、混合法、相对变化法、最大角度法和最优线性插值法在识别结果上具备更大的QI值。表明该方法能够准确识别混合层深度。     

基于ERA-20C再分析数据的中国近海波候研究

基于ERA-20C再分析数据,综合分析了1950—2010年间中国近海的海表风速、风浪、涌浪和混合浪的分布特点。结果表明,中国近海的风场主要受东亚季风控制,在南海南部靠近越南的海域夏季形成7 m/s的风速大值中心,冬季风速则可达9 m/s。风浪场的空间分布特点与风场相似,而受传播效应和浅水效应的影响,涌浪场四季均在吕宋海峡和东海东南部出现波高的大值中心。春夏季节中国近海大部分海域涌浪占优,与风速大值中心对应,夏冬季节南海南部10°N附近存在风浪池。趋势分析结果显示,风速和混合浪有效波高的线性趋势呈现相似的空间分布,南海的风速和波高分别以0.27 cm·s^-1/a和0.74 cm/a的速率显着增加。而渤海分别以-0.49 cm·s^-1/a和-0.85 cm/a的速率显著降低,黄海的变化率分别为-0.43 cm·s^-1/a和-0.79 cm/a。将中国近海风速和波高的年际变化分别与气候指数尼诺3.4进行相关分析,结果显示,冬季大部分海域的相关系数为负,而夏季在南海和东海海域则为正。     

结合空间信息选取最优端元组合的混合像元分解

传统的混合像元分解算法认为每个像元都包含图像中所能提取的全部端元组分,但这并不符合实际情况。实际上图像中大多数混合像元仅由少部分端元混合而成。由于端元提取精度及噪声的影响,采用全部端元对混合像元进行分解,会使得混合像元中实际并不存在的端元的丰度估计值不为零,分解结果存在较大误差。由于混合像元大多存在于不同地物的交界处,基于此,本文提出了一种结合图像的空间信息选取混合像元最优端元子集的方法。利用一个空间结构元素,从混合像元的附近邻域开始搜索,将搜索到的纯净像元光谱与所提取的图像端元光谱进行对比,并确定混合像元的端元子集进行分解。根据RMSE大小和变化情况,逐步扩大结构元素的大小,不断调整搜索范围,直至得到最优端元组合。模拟数据和真实数据的试验结果表明,该方法相比传统的全端元光谱分解方法,在总体上获得了更好的分解效果。     

南沙群岛海域混合层深度季节变化特征

基于南沙群岛海域综合科学考察11个航次的实测资料,研究了南沙群岛海域的混合层深度季节变化特征。研究结果表明,南沙群岛海域混合层深度存在明显的季节变化,并且与季风和海表热通量的变化密切相关。春季,风速较小且风向不稳定,海面得到的净热通量全年最大,上层水体层结稳定,混合层深度较小;夏季,南海西南季风盛行,上层为反气旋式环流,海面得到的净热通量减少,混合层呈加深的趋势;秋季,海面净热通量继续减少,混合层深度达到最大值;冬季,东北季风驱动下形成的上层气旋式环流引起深层冷水的上升,限制了混合层的加深。     

全站仪内供电系统的保养

全站仪是由电子经纬仪与光电测距仪组合的仪器,是集自动测距、测角、计算、数据存储及数据传输于一体的自动化、数字化及智能化的三维坐标测量与定位系统,是一种当今广泛应用于大地测量、工程测量、数字化测图的电子测量仪器,是现代测绘行业最主要、最普通的测绘仪器,仪器的维护和供电系统的保养,已经成为测绘生产单位的一项工作。     

超参数对GRU-CNN混合深度学习弹性阻抗反演影响研究

CNN-GRU混合深度学习反演弹性阻抗取得了较好的反演效果.但是,基于深度学习的叠前反演参数众多,包括内部深度学习网络可学习参数和外部超参数等,目前超参数选取对网络性能及计算速度影响尚缺乏系统性研究,这直接影响到了该方法的进一步推广应用.因此,本文在混合深度学习反演弹性阻抗基础上,探讨学习率、Ep-och、batch_...     

The impact of northern Indian Ocean rivers on the Bay of Bengal using NEMO global ocean model

The effect of river runoff over the northern Indian Ocean(NIO) especially over the Bay of Bengal(Bo B) has been studied using global Nucleus for European Modelling of the Ocean(NEMO). Two sensitivity experiments, with and without river runoff are conducted and the influence of river runoff on the Indian Ocean hydrography,stratification and circulation features are studied. It is found that due to river runoff surface salinity over the northern Bo B decreases by more than 5 and the East India Coastal Current strengthens by 2 cm/s during post monsoon season. The fresh river water reaches up to 15°N in the Bo B and is the main cause for low salinity there.Sea surface temperature in the northwestern Bo B increases by more than 0.2℃ due to the river runoff in summer monsoon while surface cooling upto 0.2℃ is seen in north-west part of Bo B in winter season. The seasonal mixed layer depth in the region is found to be dependent on river runoff. The effect of vertical shear and Brunt Vaisala frequency on stratification is also examined. The ocean water becomes highly stratified up to 3 035 m due to the river runoff. It is found that the energy required for mixing is high in the northern and coastal Bo B.     

Supply and Demand Levels for Livestock and Poultry Products in the Chinese Mainland and the Potential Demand for Feed Grains

The widening gap between the supply and demand levels for livestock and poultry products in the Chinese mainland poses a significant challenge to the secure supply of feed grains. Therefore, the accurate prediction of the demand potential for feed grains represents a key scientific issue for ensuring food security in the Chinese mainland. This study is based on an analysis of several factors, such as the Chinese mainland’s output, trade volume, apparent consumption of livestock and poultry products, and two different scenarios for predicting the future demand for feed grains are assessed. The results indicate that output and consumption of livestock and poultry products, as well as the country’s trade deficit and the pressure of the supply and demand balance with respect to these products, have been increasing in recent years. The analysis predicts that the demand for feed grains in the Chinese mainland will reach 425.5 or 389.6 million tons in 2030 based on the two scenarios. This finding indicates that with the increasing demand for livestock and poultry products in the Chinese mainland, the demand for feed grains will continue to increase, and the shortfall in feed grains and raw materials will expand further, especially dependence on external sources of protein-rich feed grains will remain high.