靖远矿区采煤沉陷区复垦综合评价方法研究

以靖远矿区为例,从土地复垦和恢复生态学的角度出发,建立了靖远矿区采煤沉陷区复垦综合评价系统,选择土壤条件（土层厚度、土壤质地、有机质含量、土壤水分）、地形改造条件（地面坡度、地表破坏程度、改造难易程度）、气候及水文条件（年降雨量、灌溉条件）作为分类及评价因子对复垦潜力进行评价。将采煤沉陷地分为四种潜力区,对每种潜力类型区的复垦开发利用方向进行了优化设计,从理论上和实践上对靖远矿区采煤沉陷地的复垦能力以及复垦过程中用地结构的优化作了探讨,以期对当地沉陷地的复垦提供一定的科学依据。     

平顶山矿区钻探泥浆的研究

介绍了平顶山矿区地质特征、钻孔护壁概况和５种不同体系泥浆的组成特点、配方及性能参数；对泥浆的密度与固相含量、粘度与流变特性、滤水特性及防涌防漏的主要技术性能和作用机理进行了探讨；综合分析了各类泥浆的钻进技术效果和经济效益。     

Geotechnical assessment of the bearing capacity of coal mine floors

Summary This investigation concerns 3 longwall faces having variable strata and mining conditions, but supported by 202 tonnes hydraulic 6-leg chocks. Bearing capacity tests along the faces were conducted to evaluate the factors influencing floor deformation and failure. The effect of size, shape and perimeter of the base plates, thickness of the floor layer, time and moisture on the ultimate bearing capacity of the floor was measured and discussed. Application of this work is the prediction of stability and support performance of face ends, as well as the design of support systems and ground control on production faces.     

Decomposition analysis on direct material input and dematerialization of mining cities in Northeast China

Material dematerialization is a basic approach to reduce the pressure on the resources and environment and to realize the sustainable development. The material flow analysis and decomposition method are used to calculate the direct material input (DMI) of 14 typical mining cities in Northeast China in 1995-2004 and to analyze the demateri-alization and its driving factors in the different types of mining cities oriented by coal, petroleum, metallurgy and multi-resources. The results are as follows: 1) from 1995 to 2006, the increase rates of the DMI and the material input intensity of mining cities declined following the order of multi-resources, metallurgy, coal, and petroleum cities, and the material utilizing efficiency did following the order of petroleum, coal, metallurgy, and multi-resources cities; 2) during the research period, all the kinds of mining cities were in the situation of weak sustainable development in most years; 3) the pressure on resources and environment in the multi-resources cities was the most serious; 4) the petro-leum cities showed the strong trend of sustainable development; and 5) in recent years, the driving function of eco-nomic development for material consuming has continuously strengthened and the controlling function of material utilizing efficiency for it has weakened. The key approaches to promote the development of circular economy of min-ing cities in Northeast China are put forward in the following aspects: 1) to strengthen the research and development of the technique of resources' cycling utilization, 2) to improve the utilizing efficiency of resources, and 3) to carry out the auditing system of resources utilization.     

Design and Strength Analysis of A Spherical Connector for Lifting Subsystem in Deep Sea Mining System

1 .IntroductionThe lifting systemis composed of pipes andtheir connectors .It is not onlythe lifting channel formanganese nodule betweenthe miningship andintermediate bin,but alsothe supporting massfor deepsea miningequipment and cables .Sothe reliability…     

小秦岭太峪水系沉积物重金属污染生态危害评价

以金矿开发影响的黄河二级支流太峪水系沉积物为研究对象,沿河采集16个表层沉积物样品,分层采集垂向剖面10件水库沉积物样品,测定了样品中重金属元素Hg、Pb、Cd、Cr、As、Cu和Zn的含量,采用Hakanson潜在生态指数法和Tomlinson污染负荷指数法评价重金属元素污染程度和潜在生态风险。结果表明,矿业活动是太峪水系沉积物重金属元素污染的主要因素;变异系数、富集系数和最高污染系数均反映Hg、Pb、Cd是太峪水系沉积物的特征污染重金属元素,Cr和As的质量分数接近地区背景值;太峪水系表层沉积物受到重金属元素的极强污染,山区段污染较山外更严重;整个流域的Hg、Pb、Cd具有很强的潜在生态危害,Cr、As、Zn的潜在生态危害轻微;太峪水系沉积物垂向各层沉积物都受到重金属元素的极强污染,生态问题以Hg、Pb、Cd的潜在生态危害为主,其污染和生态危害程度都高于流向上的沉积物。潜在生态危害指数评价突出了不同元素的毒性和危害程度,而污染负荷指数法侧重于样本空间上的污染程度,二者互补使用有利于实际问题的全面评价。     

开采倾斜近地表矿体地表及围岩变形陷落的模型试验研究

以某铜矿矿山一典型地质剖面为原型,运用物理概化模型试验,采用网格数字摄影测量方法量测模型剖面全场位移,分析了开采倾斜近地表矿体地表及围岩变形陷落随不同开挖步的变化规律。在模型试验中,开挖-75 m～-45 m之间的矿体,围岩扰动范围及地表下沉位移逐渐增大,第7步开挖完成后,采空区上方岩体开始出现离层,第9步开挖完成后,地表1～4测点之间形成一明显沉陷盆地,最大下沉位移达825 mm。模型试验研究的结果与现场及离散元数值计算结果基本吻合。     

采用非线性决策树的学生课堂教学满意度研究

学生反馈是评估高等院校课堂教学质量的重要指标。目前,对学生反馈的问卷仅进行主观理解和简单统计,无法提供准确定量的分析和支持依据。使用非线性决策树,对近3年本科必修双语课程《数字图像处理》的学生评教问卷进行数据挖掘,首先将其分成3类和10个不同输入,然后通过数据预处理、模型选择和建模,最后构建树状模型对其进行分析。分析结果符合对于该课程学生反应和争议较大的问题预期,为课程设计提供定量有效的教学分析工具。     

山东阳谷茌平煤田阿城井田山西组煤岩层对比研究

通过对山西组沉积特征及聚煤变化规律的研究,采用煤岩层组合特征、标志层、层间距、测井曲线形态和地震物性特征等方法,对井田内山西组的煤、岩层进行综合对比。确定了山西组主采煤层的赋存层位、形态及区内的构造方案,对周边地区找煤工作具有指导作用。     

深海采矿转臂机构采矿姿态优化研究

针对海底地形不平坦特性,提出了一种变幅机构来自适应海底地形采矿姿态的采矿机构。综合考虑采矿机构采掘头距海底高度对采矿率影响,利用关键点法建立了节臂上的点到海底地形距离的数学模型。在此基础上,建立了以采矿率最高为目标的最优采矿姿态数学模型。以某实际地形为例,采用模拟退火遗传算法优化求解最优采矿姿态。根据其优化后结果可知,其最优采矿姿态与海底地形坡度变化一致,从而证明了采矿姿态模型的正确性。