Month-Long Simulations of Gravity Waves over North America and North Atlantic in Comparison with Satellite Observations

Mesoscale simulations of gravity waves in the upper troposphere and lower stratosphere over North America and North Atlantic Ocean in January 2003 are compared with satellite radiance measurements from the Advanced Microwave Sounding Unit-A (AMSU-A). Four regions of strong gravity wave (GW) activities are found in the model simulations and the AMSU-A observations: the northwestern Atlantic, the U.S. Rockies, the Appalachians, and Greenland. GWs over the northwestern Atlantic Ocean are associated with the midlatitude baroclinic jet-front system, while the other three regions are apparently related to high topography. Model simulations are further used to analyze momentum fluxes in the zonal and meridional directions. It is found that strong westward momentum fluxes are prevalent over these regions over the whole period. Despite qualitative agreement between model simulations and satellite measurements, sensitivity experiments demonstrate that the simulated GWs are sensitive to the model spin-up time.     

基于GPS单点测速的海浪测量方法初探

首先分析比对了已有的测波方法,阐述了将GPS单点测速应用到测波中的优点.然后讨论了基于多普勒频移的测速方法,并分析了各类误差对测速精度的影响.最后利用静态数据进行动态测速模拟试验和实测动态数据测速与RTK (Real Time Kinematic,实时动态测量系统)位置差分测速进行—致性检验.结果表明,使用静态数据采用...     

静电α卡法在旺苍县某区段找铀中的应用

静电α卡法是一种累积测氡找铀矿的方法;在旺苍县白垩系砂岩区段进行静电α卡法测量的试验,并与210Po、径迹测量进行对比;试验证明,该方法简单、周期短、衬度高、对矿化异常反映清晰,对微弱异常反映明显,在地表覆盖物较厚的沉积岩区寻找隐伏矿体和弱异常较为适用。     

DCMT枢轴误差的光电测定

枢轴误差是影响天体位置测量精度的重要因素.对于现代子午环的高精度天体测量而言,枢轴误差的精确测定是必不可少的.利用DCMT的自校准光源的像,并采用V形光栅的光电扫描直接测定DCMT枢轴误差在赤经和赤纬上的分量。通过几次测量结果的比较表明,该方法具有很高的测量精度与重复性.     

初探单片微机改造精密激光测距仪

本文从硬件和软件两个方面阐述了用单片微计算机改造我们原先研制的“JCY-3型精密激光测距仪”的试验情况,详细说明了应用单片微计算机管理仪器的工作过程及其用于数据处理的硬件、软件设计。     

Measurement of near surface soil water content using a capacitance probe

The portable surface capacitance insertion probe was used to measure the in situ water content of near surface soil layers. The probe readings were calibrated against gravimetric samples collected over a wide range of water contents, and were found to be very closely correlated. The capacitance probe was used repeatedly in time and space at a field site where ridges and furrows ensured a regular pattern of soil water variations. The observed spatial variations of the water content were related to topography and land mangement. The degree of variability was dependent on the average water content.     

流动形变及重磁综合监测断层的研究

分析了目前利用流动形变、重力、地磁复测资料进行地震预测所存在的困难，探讨了综合利用三种手段追踪应力场及地下介质动态的途径，提出了断层综合监测布点的原则，并介绍了依此原则所建的京西试验场的基本情况。     

关于Google Earth在测量工作中的应用

介绍了Google Earth的常见功能,对其在现代测量过程中的项目预算、测量控制网设计、施测和管理等方面的应用结合工作实际进行详细说明,通过笔者在实际工作过程中对Google Earth的使用,说明其应用减少测量的外业工作强度,提高了测量的工作效率,节约了生产成本。     

绝对重力测量值的改正

从实用角度出发，研究了在中国重力基本网2000（CGBN2000）精度要求下，仪器误差、潮汐引力、气压、极移和地下水变化等影响因素的计算公式和存在的问题，给出了一组便于实际测量应用的计算公式；同时对潮汐因子的取值、海潮模型的选取、非构造因素中地下水活动等问题进行了讨论。     

Traditional and New Ways to Handle Uncertainty in Geology

The paper presents an overview of the main types of uncertainty in geology. The best guess and uncertainty oriented approaches are outlined. Traditional methods of uncertainty analysis—deterministic and probabilistic—are discussed with special references to their limitations in geology. New mathematical methods, developed during the last decades are suitable to handle uncertainty in geology in scalar, spatial, and spatial-temporal conditions, such as uncertainty intervals, fuzzy sets, probability bounds, neural networks, hybrid arithmetic and fuzzy geostatistics. Geological applicability of these methods is discussed. Uncertainty of risk analysis for geological purposes also is outlined.