等时叠加波动方程叠前正演

非零炮检距地震正演模拟在复杂区叠前地震资料处理和解释中有着重要意义。通常使用射线追踪法和全程波动方程法来实现这一模拟。通过提出等时叠加原理和数学检波器表达式，形成了非零炮检距地震正演的新一类方法——单程波动方程法。该方法与射线追踪法相比能保持波的动力学特征，正演结果与实际地震记录相似性好。并且在计算过程中，人工干预的程度低，操作简便。与全程波动方程法相比，该方法计算效率高，且不产生直达波、多次波等干扰，信噪比高，与目的层相对应的一次波突出，波型识别难度不大。因此，单程波动方程法特别适合于复杂油气藏反射地震资料的正、反演研究。     

Visual analytics clarify the scalability and effectiveness of massively parallel many-objective optimization: A groundwater monitoring design example

In this study, we contribute a comprehensive framework for simultaneously assessing solution quality and scalability for massively parallel multiobjective evolutionary algorithm (MOEA)-based search using a highly challenging optimization—assimilation application. Visual analytics are used to evaluate how changes in search metric performance relate to actual decision relevant changes in the Pareto approximate set. The application focuses on a four objective groundwater monitoring application in which parallel scalability is tested across compute core counts ranging from 64 to a maximum of 8192. This study demonstrates that parallel search performance must be assessed in terms of how well speedup is exploited to improve the quality of search results and that solely focusing on differences in computational time can be deceptive. Our results demonstrate how visualization can clarify when an MOEA’s search shifts from “translating” the approximation set to “diversifying” its coverage over the extent of the objectives. This is an important observation. If shorter parallel run durations are required, the rapid early translation of the set may yield a reasonable approximation of the Pareto approximate set where further search is unnecessary. Although a groundwater application is used to demonstrate our parallelization, the visual analytics and metrics utilized to characterize the parallel scalability of MOEA-based search are broadly applicable in water resources and beyond.     

地理空间可视分析及其研究方向综述

介绍了可视分析的概念和内涵,分析了可视分析与可视化、地理空间可视分析等概念的关系。研究了地理空间可视分析的概念和内涵,在此基础上提出了地理空间可视分析的5个重要研究方向:面向可视分析的地理空间数据转换;多维地理空间数据的深层可视化表达和分析;地理空间可视分析推理;地理空间数据的协同可视分析和决策;地理空间数据可视分析工具的设计和评估。     

地震数学模型技术在煤矿采区地震勘探观测系统设计中的应用

根据安徽淮南某煤矿的地质构造特点及煤层赋存形态,在三维地震测区中部选择了一条典型地质剖面,据此建立了陡倾角二维地震数学模型,并从波动方程出发确立了模型的三维地震观测系统。通过对正演模拟得到的炮集记录、叠加剖面、偏移剖面上的波场特征的分析,确定了适合勘探区地质条件的采集和处理方法。对该二维模型数据的处理结果表明,叠后偏移手段不适合陡倾角区煤层地震资料的处理,而叠前时间偏移可有效保证陡倾角勘探区块的地质目标成像。根据陡倾角目的层及逆掩断层区域开展地震勘探的难点问题,提出了适当调整观测系统、提高空间采样密度等措施。根据多年在淮南矿区开展采区三维地震勘探的工作经验,认为该区最佳观测系统为方位角特性好、共面元道集内炮检距分布均匀的八线八炮制束状规则观测系统。     

复合可修表决系统的数学模型和可靠性指标

讨论了由不同型号部件组成的复合可修复表决系统的可靠性数学模型,并给出可靠性指标计算方法。     

像素图数学基础变换方法研究

针对像素图数学基础变换问题 ,提出了一种间接变换思路 ,给出了具体的变换方法 ,包括整块变换和分块变换及拼接等问题 ,并作了相关的实验。     

THE CHARACTERISTICS OF THUNDERSTORM FREQUENCY VARIATION AND THEIR POSSIBLE RELATION WITH THE ADJUSTMENT OF CROP DISTRIBUTION IN THE LEIZHOU PENINSULA

In order to research possible influences of the adjustment of plant distribution on the development frequency of thunderstorms over the Leizhou Peninsula, mathematic statistic methods, including correlation analyses, 11 kinds of fitting models and all-variable regression methods, were used for analyses and research. The results show that the average trend of the number of annual thunderstorm days is descending obviously, and there are thunderstorms in all seasons, in which warm post-midday thunderstorms have taken up the most part, and high frequency is found from May to September, and the starting and ending dates of thunderstorms have a great annual discrepancy. The vegetation structure has been improved along with the reduction of rice fields and the area increment of sugarcane and fruits planting, which results in the decrease of the number of thunderstorm days; the change in the characteristics of winter spare fields, which is caused by the planting of vegetables, limits the formation of thunderstorms in early winter and late spring. Meanwhile, the area adjustment of peanut planting has little influence on the variation of thunderstorm days. The adjustment of principal crop distribution, such as rice, sugarcane, fruits and vegetables, may have obvious influence on the formation of thunderstorms, and sugarcane has the largest effect, followed in turn by rice, vegetables and fruits, and the adjustment of crop distribution has little influence on the starting and ending dates of thunderstorms.     

深盆气成藏平衡原理及数学描述

天然气从底部向储层中的注入过程一般可分为两种典型特征,一种是具有通常意义的置换式运移和成藏,形成常规气藏;另一种是具有活塞式气水排驱特征的天然气运移和成藏,形成天然气聚集与气源岩紧密相连的深盆气(根缘气)藏。深盆气藏形成的基本条件是储层致密、源储相通,但当致密储层中有裂缝发育时,典型的深盆气成藏条件不再满足,气水的排驱过程表现为置换式和活塞式的同时存在和发生。对典型和复杂情况下的深盆气成藏条件进行了讨论,分别建立了成藏时相应的动力平衡方程,对所建立方程的应用也进行了相应讨论。结果表明,深盆气成藏的基本条件是气源丰富、储层致密、源储相通、储盖一体。除此之外,埋藏深度和时间变化是典型深盆气藏的重要影响因素。     

凌子口隧道围岩稳定性分析评价

根据勘察资料对位于云南省昭通市北东约30km处凌子口隧道围岩的稳定性进行分析评价。隧道所处区域为滇东北拗褶带中心峡谷区，工程地质条件复杂，岩层分别为砂岩、白云岩、泥灰岩及钙质泥岩，岩体结构面主要为构造结构面，不良物理地质现象主要为进洞口附近残坡积层中发育的三个小滑坡。对隧道围岩计算得出各类岩体强度应力比均大于6，该隧道围岩能够承受围岩应力的作用，不会产生过大的整体塑性变形，剪切及弯折等变形破坏。但围岩中分离块体存在散块状松动坍塌的可能。本文根据分类评价结论及有关参数，提出了一次支护型式建议。     

微机自动控向垂钻系统中测斜技术研究

在微机自动控向垂钻系统中,钻孔的倾斜角测量是系统成败的关键因素。本文提出了利用重力加速度计测量钻孔倾斜角的方法,详细地介绍了重力加速度计的结构、原理,给出了测量倾斜角的数学模型,并导出倾斜角的计算公式。