河北磁县北西西向南山村－岔口活动断裂带活动特征与1830年磁县地震

河北磁县西部北西西向南山村－岔口活动断裂为北西西向磁县活动断裂西段，全长３５ｋｍ，又可再分为东西两段。全新世时期该断裂有多次活动，活动方式以具左旋性质的正倾滑为主。１８３０年磁县７．５级地震时，南山村－岔口断裂带出现新的地表破裂，地表垂直位移多处为２～４ｍ，最大约７ｍ。据目前资料，该断裂带最新两次地震事件的时间间隔约为３５００ａ。最近获取的位于磁县最高峰老爷山庙宇碑文资料，补充说明了邻近岔口活动断裂带的古建筑物在１８３０年地震中的严重破坏。     

不同成因类型煤中烷基环己烷和烷基苯的特征探讨

通过对藻煤、烛煤、腐殖煤共生煤层的分析，将不同成因类型煤中的烷基环己烷和烷基苯进行了比较。结果表明，不同成因类型煤中所含的烷基环己烷和烷基苯明显不同。各种成因类型煤中烷基环己烷和烷基苯所提供的母质信息与煤岩结果吻合。氧化环境不利于烷基环己烷和烷基苯的形成。烷基环己烷和烷基苯有时可以作为沉积环境和成熟度的标志。     

宁夏西吉地区滑坡灾害地貌的成因分析

宁夏西吉地区滑坡灾害地貌是海原地震区最严重的地形变特征。本文在分析区域滑坡呈 或团块状密集独特分布及其严重灾害特征的基础上，进一步探讨了它的成因机制。表明滑坡地形奕的分布规律不仅受地震烈度的影响，而且还受诸如黄土的自然特征，地质构造，地貌结构和区域新构造运行等自然环境的控制．     

秦巴地区中——酸性浅成小岩体与金矿

本文叙述了秦岭大巴山地区中——酸性浅成——超浅成侵入——爆破“杂”岩体的地质特征及其分布;叙述了与岩体有成生联系的斑(玢)岩型、矽卡岩型、爆破(隐爆——坍塌)角砾岩型、构造蚀变岩型、热液脉型等类型金矿的地质特征;总结了岩体的成矿模式,同时指出了矿床类型和共(伴)生元素的成矿系列;指出分布在秦巴地区的5个印支期——燕山期岩体带中的21个小岩体群,其中数百个小岩体及其附近有找到多种类型金矿的可能,预测其找矿前景乐观,金矿资源潜力很大。     

基于ArcGIS的滑坡空间分布的变维分形研究——以江西省宁都县为例

滑坡空间分布的定量研究对了解滑坡的发育特征具有实际意义，能够为滑坡的防治提供重要依据.为了了解滑坡的空间分布特征，以江西省宁都县1：5万地质灾害调查数据为基础，基于ArcGIS空间分析叠加模块，对滑坡空间分布规律应用变维分形理论进行定量研究，揭示出滑坡空间分布与地形地貌、岩土体类型、高程、坡度均呈二价累计和分形分布，使得滑坡与各因素之间的关系从定性分析上升到定量研究，并计算出分维值，说明了分维值的意义.     

铀矿床勘探类型之定量划分

本文提出矿化连续性分类法,它根据大矿体储量比例,将铀矿床划分为9个勘探类型。     

The interaction between armouring and particle weathering for eroding landscapes

The interaction between particle weathering and surface armouring and its effect on erosion has been investigated. The effect of soil armouring is to decrease sediment transport with time by preferentially stripping away fine particles. On the other hand the effect of weathering, which breaks down the particles in the armour, is generally believed to increase erosion. By extending an existing armouring model, ARMOUR, and using a variety of published weathering mechanisms this interaction has been explored. The model predicts that while this is generally true, in some cases erosion can be decreased by weathering. When the particles generated by weathering were approximately of equal diameter, erosion increased while armouring decreased. When weathering produced very fine particles by spalling, erosion increased and armouring also increased. When weathering produced a range of particles from fine to coarse, the armour layer broke down and erosion decreased relative to the no‐weathering case. This latter decrease in erosion was due to the high entrainment of coarser transportable materials from the bed decreasing the sediment transport capacity of the flow. In these studies clear regimes could be identified where erosion was limited by either the energy of the flow alone (i.e. ‘transport‐limited’), or the rate of weathering (‘weathering‐limited’); however, for some mechanisms there was an interaction between the two, which we called ‘weathering/transport limited’. Copyright © 2006 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

Effects of variable attribute weights on landform classification

This paper focuses on the attribute weight issue and advocates use of modi?able attribute weights in terrain‐based environmental analysis and classi?cation. A question was asked: ‘How much will the result of a terrain‐based environmental analysis be affected if the weights of used terrain attributes are changed?’ The literature on landform classi?cation and the fuzzy k‐means method was reviewed in particular to help clarify the background and importance of this weight assignment issue. As an example, the effects of modifying attribute weights were evaluated for fuzzy k‐means landform classi?cation in a case study area. A total of 102 classi?cations were compared with each other and with a soil map, and comparison methods were speci?cally designed to evaluate the differences between these classi?cations. The results show that fuzzy k‐means landform classi?cation is sensitive to weight adjustments of adopted terrain attributes. The sensitivity is particularly high when the attribute weights started to be tuned away from the standard (i.e. uniform) weight of one. Better matching between landform classi?cation and a soil map may be produced when attribute weights are tuned. In all, we advocate the widespread adoption of an exploratory attitude in assigning attribute weights for environmental analysis and classi?cation. Copyright © 2006 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

剑门地貌特征、成因及与丹霞地貌之比较

剑门地貌见于四川盆地北部的剑阁县剑门关一带,是一种特定的砾岩地貌,以发育砾岩悬崖绝壁、砾岩关隘、砾岩峡谷、砾岩山峦、砾岩峰丛等为特征,规模宏大,气势如虹。龙门山山前广泛分布,景观独特,与广东丹霞地貌显著不同。     

东北地区降水与大气环流关系

利用Lamb-Jenkinson大气环流分型方法, 将1951—2004年逐日的海平面气压场分型, 得到27种不同的环流型, 研究了大气环流型与我国东北地区降水的关系。给出了8种出现频率最高的主要环流型出现的规律及它们平均的环流形势, 分析了8种主要环流型下东北地区降水异常分布状况, 并选出东北地区资料齐全、有代表性的9个站点进行了深入细致地分析, 成功地建立了降水与环流型出现频率的统计关系, 并用此重建了9个代表站54年的降水序列。结果表明:Lamb-Jenkinson大气环流分型方法可以很好地应用于我国东北地区, 由此划分的环流型符合实际情况; 8种主要环流型与降水的空间分布特征有很好的对应关系; 所建立的9个代表站降水距平回归方程能够解释近54年各站的大部分降水变化, 进一步证明了东北地区降水与大气环流之间的密切关系。