离子交换-比色法测定农业地质普查样品中的微量碘(Fe3十-CNS--NO-2)

本文采用离子交换-比色法测定农业地质样品中的微量碘,本方法检出限为0.5×10-6,精密度达到2.4%.方法准确、快速、简便、成本低,适合大批量样品的测定.     

单扫描极谱法测定饮料和食盐中的碘

本文提出以ＫＭｎＯ４－ＮａＣｌＯ作氧化剂,将碘化物氧化成碘酸盐,然后Ｎａ２ＳＯ３还原过量氧化剂,在硼砂缓冲介质中,于－１．２６Ｖ测定ＩＯ＾－３产生的吸附波。此体系灵敏,稳定,重现性好,线性宽,有很好的实用性。本法用于饮料和食盐中痕量碘的测定,结果满意。     

The dissolved iodate and iodide distribution in the South Atlantic from the Weddell Sea to Brazil

Iodide and iodate concentrations are reported and discussed for the WOCE A23 transect from the Weddell Sea north to about 25°S. Iodide concentrations are very low in the surface waters of the Weddell Sea (20 nM) and increase steadily northwards to about 100 nM in the surface waters of the south Atlantic gyre. In deep waters iodide concentrations are low but detectable at 0.5–2 nM. There is no detectable total iodine depletion in the surface waters south of the polar front although there is a small depletion evident north of the front. The results are discussed in terms of the hydrography, nutrient concentrations and phytoplankton activity along the transect. In particular, a systematic change in the relationship between iodide and nitrate along the transect is discussed.     

Determination of Bromine and Iodine Speciation in Drinking Water Using High Performance Liquid Chromatography‐Inductively Coupled Plasma‐Mass Spectrometry

A specific method for the determination of bromine and iodine species in drinking water was developed by using high performance liquid chromatography‐ICP‐MS. An ICS‐A23 ion chromatography column was chosen for the separation of species, with the mobile phase being 0.03 mol l^?1 ammonium carbonate at a flow rate of 0.8 ml min^?1. The detection limits for BrO₃^?, Br^?, IO₃^? and I^? were 0.032, 0.063, 0.008 and 0.012 μg l^?1, respectively. Spectroscopic interferences were only observed in blank samples and mainly resulted from the argon‐potassium polyatomic ion (⁴⁰Ar³⁹K⁺). However, this interference was negligible because of the elution and complete separation from that of iodinate under optimised conditions. The method developed was successfully applied to twenty‐two samples of drinking water obtained from a supermarket. Results indicated that 36.4% of the samples had BrO₃^? concentrations exceeding the Chinese national limit for drinking water of 10 μg l^?1.     

溴、碘、砷、镉等有益有害元素形态分析技术及生态环境地球化学应用

率先在国土资源领域培育并形成相对稳定的元素化学形态(价态、金属有机化合物等)分析及其生态环境地球化学应用研究团队,采用高效液相色谱-电感耦合等离子体质谱联用技术,开展生态环境地球化学样品中痕量溴、碘、砷、镉、汞、锡、铅、铬、硒等有益有害元素的价态、金属有机化合物等形态分析方法研究,初步建立了有益有害元素形态分析体系。建立的形态分析方法灵敏度高、检出限低,具有创新性和实用性,工作成果在国内外期刊发表论文20篇。形态分析方法在我国环境地球化学研究中得到应用并取得了良好的应用成果,从形态分析水平上表征元素的环境地球化学及其健康效应在国内外属于探索性工作。     

Acute Toxicities of Potassium Permanganate, Formalin, and Lugol's Iodine Solution to a Marine Ciliate,Pleuronema coronatum ( Ciliophora, Scuticociliatida)

Acute toxicities of potassium permanganate, formalin, and Lugol's iodine solution to a commonly occurred ma-rine ciliate Pleuronema coronatum (Ciliophora, Scuticociliatida) were measured. Linear regression analysis of the resultshighlighted the close relationships between doses of the medicines and mortalities of the organisms, thus providing a capabili-ty to predict toxicity effects from the dose. Toxic effects of the medicines on the ciliates were described in the present paper,and the median lethal concentrations (LC50 values) were given. Results of measurements indicated that 2 h-LC50 and 12 h-LC50 values of formalin on P. coronatum were 59.00 × 10-6 and 43.57 × 10 6, while those of Lugol's solutions were 90.13 and67.84 × 10 6 respectively. The tolerance of P. coronatum to formalin is apparently lower than that to Lugol' s iodine solutionand potassium permanganate is a suitable medicine to kill ciliates in short time.     

碘分析方法研究进展

对国内外碘测定的样品前处理方法作了简要回顾,重点介绍了近10年来有关碘的测定方法及碘形态分析的最新研究进展。碘测定方法主要包括容量法、光度法、电化学法、中子活化法、色谱法、原子光谱法以及质谱法等。对测定碘形态的联用技术进行了简要介绍。引用文献113篇。     

Soil and landscape geochemical factors which contribute to iodine spatial distribution in the main environmental components and food chain in the central Russian plain

The distribution of iodine (Ι) has been studied in the main environmental components (soils and soil microorganisms, ground water and dominating plant species) and in the food chain (drinking water, forage and cow's milk) in the geochemically different areas of the non-chernozem zone of the Russian plain.     

Reduction of iodate in seawater during Arabian Sea shipboard incubations and in laboratory cultures of the marine bacterium Shewanella putrefaciens strain MR-4

Shipboard incubations from the US JGOFS cruise to the Arabian Sea (TN045) March, 1995 showed evidence of iodate reduction in 0.45 μ (Gelman Supor membrane) filtered seawater samples collected from intermediate depths (200–600 m) within the oxygen minimum zone (OMZ). Inorganic chemical reduction of iodate in these samples was ruled out as no free sulfide was measurable and concentrations of ammonia and nitrite were found to be less than 5 μM. To examine whether the reduction of iodate observed at sea could have been the result of bacterial metabolism, reduction of iodate (IO₃⁻) to iodide (I⁻) by Shewanella putrefaciens strain MR-4 was studied in artificial seawater using electrochemical methods. MR-4 is a ubiquitous marine bacterium which may be of considerable importance when considering redox zonation in the water column because it is a facultative anaerobe and may switch amongst a suite of electron acceptors to support metabolism. In all experiments MR-4 reduced all iodate to iodide. The rate of formation of [I⁻]in the culture followed pseudo-first order kinetics. This is the first report of the marine bacterial reduction of iodate where the concentrations of iodide and iodate were measured directly. Our results may help to explain the depth distribution of iodine speciation reported in productive waters like the Arabian Sea and for the first time couple iodine speciation with bacterial productivity in the ocean.     

Zonal discrepancy of iodine in the West Pacific Ocean and its adjacent seas

The species of iodine in the water samples collected from the west Pacific Ocean and its adjacent seas were analysed. Results show that the concentration of total inorganic iodine appears higher in the south than that in the north of the Equator. The iodide concentration is distributed symmetrically on both sides of the Equator in tropic and subtropic zones and it decreases away from the Equator. Around the Antarctic Divergence iodide concentration approaches its minimum in the surface waters .which only accounts for 10% of the total iodine. The dissolved organic iodine concentration keeps constant generally either in horizontal or in vertical. Discussions on the relationships of iodine with chemical, biological and hydrological factors reveal that iodine has a transitional behavior between conservative and biodepleting elements; I/S ratio is of a certain stability on a vast scale, however, it may be largely affected by organism activity in some zones. Besides, evidence shows that iodine is adsorbed by