折射波静校正方法在复杂地表地区的应用

在地表复杂地区,静校正是地震资料处理中的一个重要工作.本文提出一个用折射波初至时间计算静校正量的新方法.它是通过对大量数据进行统计,用交互、迭代的方法求出全局最优解.笔者用西部地区的3 个典型例子说明该静校正方法对于处理地表复杂地区的静校正问题是行之有效的.     

常规直流电法二维人机联作反演软件系统Windows版的设计与实现

作者在文中主要介绍常规直流电法二维人机联作反演软件系统Ｗｉｎｄｏｗｓ版主要功能模块的设计与实现及系统的安装与使用,系统建立在Ｗｉｎｄｏｗｓ９５平台上,实现了常规直流法（对称四极电测深法、中间梯度法、单极梯度法等）的野外数据处理、成图和二维人机联作反演解释,系统的主要特点是以可视化的方式实现了在计算机屏幕上显示并修改地电断面和计算结果的功能,界面友好、完全汉化、操作方便、易于使用。     

Providing scientific visualization for spatial data analysis: Criteria and an assessment of SAGE

A consistent theme in recent work on developing exploratory spatial data analysis (ESDA) has been the importance attached to visualization techniques, particularly following the pioneering development of packages such as SPIDER and REGARD (Haslett et al. 1990).  The focus on visual techniques is often justified in two ways: (a) the power of modern graphical interfaces means that graphics is no longer a way of simply presenting results in the form of maps or graphs, but a tool for the extraction of information from data; (b) graphical, exploratory methods are felt to be more intuitive for non-specialists to use than methods of numerical spatial statistics enabling wider participation in the process of getting data insights. However, little work has been done to decide which visualization tools might be needed to support ESDA, or how they can be most effectively implemented.  This paper briefly reviews a theoretical framework that has been suggested for addressing these issues, which comprises two elements: firstly a data model, based on the distinction between rough and smooth properties of spatial data, that defines what an analyst is looking for in data (Haining et al. 1998) and secondly a theoretical model for assessing the quality of visualisation tools (Cleveland 1994). The emphasis of this paper is the use of the theoretical framework to structure an assessment of SAGE, a software system that has been written for the spatial statistical analysis (including both exploratory and confirmatory data analysis) of area based data linked to a GIS. The aim of the assessment is to identify the desirable features of the system (that might be employed in other systems) whilst also highlighting what the additional requirements are thereby contributing to the development of systems for ESDA that contain good quality scientific visualization tools for exploratory spatial data analysis. Received: 30 September 1998/Accepted: 17 September 1999     

SWS-Detector Glitch Effect Correction

We describe how the ISO-SWS (Infrared Space Observatory – Short Wavelength Spectrometer) software packages detect various glitch events i.e. high energy particle hits effecting the SWS detectors. A rough classification of glitch types is given. The events cause an instantaneous change in the slope of the SWS detector read outs followed by a distortion of the further samples, so called glitch tails. As a consequence the S/N ratio and photometric accuracy are reduced.Different strategies, how to remove the resulting distortion of the detectorread-out-ramp after a hit, are presented. The methods of the basic SWS software packages, the Pipeline and Interactive Analysis, will be discussed. The Pipeline has to treat glitch effects automatically. The Interactive Analysis system provides the user with a comfortable Graphical User Interface (GUI) for Trend Analysis, detailed analysis of certain glitches and the testing of new algorithms.     

基于FOCMEC方法反演震源机制解的交互式程序研制与使用

基于P、SV、SH波的初动和振幅比联合反演震源机制解程序包(FOCMEC),结合我国地震波资料的保存格式,利用Delphi面向对象语言,开发交互式FOCMEC方法反演震源机制解程序,并详细介绍了计算原理、使用方法和注意事项。通过严格的测试和对比,认为该程序反演结果准确可靠。     

复合加载下考虑接触作用的地基承载特性数值分析

港口、海洋工程结构物基础一般处于复合加载状态,其极限承载力通常采用近来引入的极限荷载图进行评价.对位于地基表面的重力式海洋基础,需要考虑基础与地基间的接触特性对极限承载力的影响.以大型通用有限元软件ABAQUS为计算平台,建立了复合加载模式的地基极限承载力数值分析方法;针对饱和黏土地基上的表面基础,利用在ABAQUS平台上开发的接触计算模块,模拟基础与地基间竖向可分离、切向完全粘结的接触作用;进而基于建立的分析方法,进行系统的有限元计算,分析地基的破坏模式随荷载条件的变化,给出地基的极限荷载包络图,并与经典承载力计算公式结果进行对比.研究结果表明,经典承载力计算公式低估了三维荷载条件下的地基极限承载力,有限元计算模型及数值分析方法,可以较好地分析研究地基的失稳机理及承载力特性,并可考虑基础与地基不同的接触条件对破坏模式及组合极限承载力的影响.     

电子地图图例可视化设计的研究

针对目前电子地图图例出现的一些问题,分析研究了电子地图相比较纸质地图的优势,总结出了计算机环境下的电子地图图例的特点,并从用户认知的角度,对电子地图图例的可视化设计进行了研究,提出了电子地图图例设计原则。最后,作者将其部分应用到统计电子地图系统中,取得了较好的可视化效果。     

基于浏览器的Google Earth交互式系统开发技术

介绍了基于浏览器的Google Earth交互式系统、开发技术、Struts框架和Ajax技术,描述了系统架构及开发途径。基于浏览器的Google Earth交互式系统具有广泛的商业应用前景。     

三维图视任意交互剪裁技术

本文应用了面表、环表、顶点表表链数据结构描述了三维空间立体图形，讨论了二维屏幕坐标转换立体空间坐标的算法及其关键技术，解决了在三维背景图上任意交互剪裁的三维图视显示技术。并在ＳＵＮ工作站上以图形用户界面（ｍｏｔｉｆ）软件为平台，实现了程序软件系统设计     

基于空间相互作用模型的商业布局——以北京市海淀区为例

在分析北京市海淀区人口增长与商业发展的基础上,运用空间相互作用理论和模型, 定量地测算了海淀区各个街乡的人口潜能与商业吸引力,对该区的人口与商业分布状况及其空间互动关系进行了分析,并根据人口增长的组合预测结果对未来海淀区各个街乡商业配置进行了具体的测算,在为商业发展布局规划提供决策支持的同时,探讨一种城市商业活动的空间分析框架。