莱芜市被征地农民基本养老保险问题初探

莱芜市本着即征即保和被征地后人均农用地不足0.3亩整体参保的原则,将全市所有被征地农民全部纳入基本养老保险范围,全面实施了被征地农民基本养老保险制度。但具体实施过程中仍然遇到一些困难和问题。对莱芜市被征地农民基本养老保险现行政策及实施过程中遇到的困难和存在问题进行了分析,并提出了合理化建议。     

Climate change impacts on pricing long-term flood insurance: A comprehensive study for the Netherlands

Recently long-term flood insurance contracts with a duration of 5, 10 or 15 years have been proposed as a solution for covering flood risk and mitigating increasing flood losses. Establishing a long-term relation between the policyholder and the insurer can provide better incentives to reduce risk through undertaking damage mitigation measures. However, the uncertainty about the development of future flood risk in the face of climate and socio-economic change may complicate insurers’ rate-setting of long-term contracts. This issue has been examined in this study by estimating the effects of these changes on flood risk and pricing flood insurance premiums of short- and long-term flood insurance contracts in all (53) dike-ring areas in the Netherlands. A broad range of simulations with hydrological and flood damage models are used to estimate the future development of flood risk and premiums. In addition, the long-term development of insurance funds is estimated with a spatial “Climate Risk Insurance Model (CRIM)” for a private insurance arrangement and for a ‘three-layered’ public-private insurance program. The estimation of flood insurance premiums of long-term insurance contracts reveals fundamental problems. One is that there is an incentive for either the consumer or the insurer to prefer short-term rather than long-term contracts in the face of climate-related uncertainty. Therefore, it seems advisable to examine the introduction of one-year flood insurance contracts in the Netherlands, at least until the large uncertainties with climate and socio-economic change on flood risk have been resolved. The estimations performed with the Climate Risk Insurance Model indicate that a private insurance fund could have difficulties with building up enough financial reserves to pay for flood damage, while the layered public-private insurance scheme is more robust.     

基于GIS的标的灾害风险评估系统的设计与实现

根据保险行业对于企业灾害风险管理的要求,解决无法量化评估标的自然灾害风险的问题,以SuperMapGIS为地理信息平台,利用服务式GIS、空间分析等技术,构建了基于GIS的标的灾害风险评估系统。该系统包括标的管理、风险专题地图、风险预警、风险录入、风险分析、评估报告等功能,实现了对标的风险受地震、台风、洪水等自然灾害影响的精细化管理,为保险公司的承保服务提供了决策支持。     

SuperMap GIS在保险行业的应用研究

地理信息系统在车险、财险等保险业务中起着至关重要的作用,事发地定位、故障救援、查勘调度、事故处理、车辆修理、定损理赔都离不开GIS在诸多保险业务中的辅助决策。GIS在保险行业的应用可基于"一张图"的区域信息资源管理与应用模式将基础地理信息、灾害信息等外部数据和承保理赔等业务数据在空间上进行有效整合与集成,从客户、标的、时间、空间、灾害指标等多个维度单独或者联合给出灾害风险情况,提供风险数据应用服务和可视化决策分析支持。     

外资寿险公司在中国的区位分布与区位选择研究

中国的保险市场历来被国际保险业公认为是下一个最具开发潜力的市场。加入WTO以来,外资寿险公司在中国的投资进入快速扩张期,区位分布范围不断扩大。本文回顾了外资寿险公司在华发展历程,总结了其区位分布特点,并对其区位选择因子进行了实证分析。结果表明,外资寿险公司的保费收入与区域人均城镇收入水平正相关,而与区域第三产业发展水平和FDI呈负相关。未来外资寿险公司将向经济发展水平较高而市场发育程度相对较低的区域发展。     

资本资产定价模型在工程地震保险费率厘定中的应用

作为国际金融市场的重要组成部分,保险市场在当下的全球经济复苏中发挥着重要作用。保险是地震灾害危机处理的一种重要方式。现有的工程地震保费厘定通常只着力于纯保费,对风险附加费的考量往往依经验,从而导致保费中无法体现对风险的补偿,成为工程地震险发展的瓶颈。本文通过将金融市场中的资本资产定价模型（CAPM）引入工程地震险的定价分析,从资本市场的角度探讨该模型在工程地震险定价中的应用,弥补了传统工程地震险保费厘定方法的固有缺陷,使得保费计算更为科学合理。最后,应用于一具体工程实例,验证了该模型的可行性和有效性。     

Assessing reparability: simple tools for estimation of costs and performance loss of earthquake damaged reinforced concrete buildings

Tools for assessing building reparability via the estimation of expected performance loss (PL) and associated costs for repair of existing RC building classes damaged by an earthquake are presented. The assessment approach relies on the availability of a number of suitably developed: (i) capacity curves for representative building classes; (ii) curves relating global ductility demand μ to the expected PL for the same classes; and (iii) PL–cost for repair relationship calibrated on database collecting cost data of more than 2300 buildings damaged after 2009 L'Aquila earthquake. The tools are developed applying a simplified procedure involving the simulated design of existing building classes, the assumption of predefined collapse mechanism types and the analyses of the seismic behavior of equivalent SDOF systems representative of ‘intact’ and ‘damaged’ structures after an earthquake. The use of these tools may give useful preliminary indications to decision makers for establishing reparability priorities in the aftermath of damaging earthquakes or to insurance companies to value sound insurance premium for existing building classes. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

村镇建筑基于性态抗震设防的地震保险费率厘定

针对目前城市和村镇地区采用统一抗震设防标准的现状,将村镇建筑分为农村、乡镇、县城3个层次,制定基于性态抗震设防标准并开展相应的地震易损性分析,进而计算典型砌体结构的离散化震害矩阵。通过考虑不同地区地震危险性特征的差异来计算地震危险性曲线,并分析不同层次村镇结构在将来地震中的可能经济损失,确定相应地震保险费率。通过对不同层次、不同设防标准的典型砌体结构地震保险费率的对比,验证了将村镇地区分3个层次并考虑不同地区地震危险性差异来研究地震保险费率的合理性。     

基于WebGIS的城市财产保险洪灾损失评估研究

WebGIS是Internet技术与GIS技术相结合的产物。本项研究在WebGIS支持下,从洪涝灾害的成灾机理出发,针对保险公司对具体受灾体理赔的需求,提出了每个投保户洪灾损失率的计算方法,建立起基于WebGIS的城市财产保险洪涝灾害损失评估模型。结合广东省深圳城市洪灾数据进行模型验证。验证结果表明,WebGIS可以快速方便地进行投保户洪涝灾害损失评估,并对于各个投保户均能得到较好的精度。     

Flood insurance: the challenge of the uninsured

Increasing concern about flooding and its potentially socially-devastating effects has reinforced the need for an effective mechanism to deal with the recovery of losses from these events. This paper highlights the problem of uninsurance in the UK and the potentially growing number of people who do not have flood insurance. A dual challenge of uninsurance is emerging: those who have been traditionally excluded from insurance cover due to price and a new phenomenon, those who live in high-risk areas who may become cost-prohibited through the introduction of risk-related premiums.