洪水风险=灾害事件×暴露程度×脆弱程度

世界上,洪水可能是造成损失最大的自然灾害.世界上没有哪个地区不受到洪水的威助、由于洪灾风险是灾害事件、洪泛区财产遭遇风险的程度,以及它们的脆弱性的函数,所以灾害损失的增长与上述各个方面的变化都有关.防洪措施可以减少灾害事件的频率,恰当的预防措施也能显著降低财产风险.然而除了公共措施和私人措施外,在减少私人、企业、甚至整个社会的风险方面,保险发挥着关键作用.近年来,对洪水保险的需求日益增长,促使保险公司必须采取适当的解决方案.与此同时,至关重要的是,保险公司应当清楚在极端情况下他们自己可能承担的最大损失.     

Climate Change,Extreme Events and the Canadian Insurance Industry

Natural Hazards - At the same time that a scientific consensus has arisen that the world will most likely experience a changing climate in the near future, with more frequent extreme events of some...     

震灾保险新制式的理论依据及其科学内涵

震灾保险新制式是建立在新观念，新思维，新概仿之上的一种独特的保险机制，本文通过对其理论基础以及科学－社会意义的阐述，进一步揭示了这一新型制式的实质和内涵。     

建筑物地震保险的若干问题

将商业保险引入建筑物防震减灾是减少地震损失的一种有效经济手段。对建筑物地震保险进行讨论,对地震保险的形式、承保—理赔机制、保险基金等主要问题作了详细的阐述,建议将年震害期望损失比作为纯费率厘定的主要原则,同时以未来一段时间内的最大期望损失率估算地震保险基金的规模。     

我国开展地震保险的必要性、有利条件、模式选择

立足于中国地震风险的定量分析和巨灾保险理论，对国外有代表性的地震保险制度进行了比较性研究。认为我国幅员辽阔有利于分散风险，国外地震保险的成功经验可以应用于我国，而适应于我国的地震保险制度设计未必可以应用于其他国家。建议我国地震保险制度的最佳方案是在政策上采用新西兰的法定模式，在分保技术上采用日本模式，并阐述了这一组合模式的财政、保险和投保人的三赢原理，说明了我国地震风险分析技术已经具备了支持这一制度的能力。     

Development of an earthquake loss model for Turkish catastrophe insurance

Following the devastating Kocaeli and Düzce earthquakes of August andNovember 1999, the Turkish Government was faced with an enormousfinancial burden as a result of its statutory obligation to cover the full costsof rebuilding. In order to offset this liability in the future – which has hadan adverse effect on the Government's economic programme – acompulsory earthquake insurance scheme has been introduced for allhouseholders in Turkey. A key element for successful implementation ofthis novel and ambitious programme is the transfer of the earthquake riskabsorbed by the Turkish Catastrophe Insurance Pool (TCIP) to theinternational reinsurance market. An earthquake loss model, described inthis paper, has been developed for the TCIP to serve as a basis for thedecision-making process with respect to the pricing of its insurance policy,risk control, the purchase of reinsurance, and the transfer of seismic risk.Sample results of the loss calculations are presented.     

我国地震灾害风险分散模式探究

为加强我国防震减灾工作,完善地震灾后补偿制度,我国应建立合理的地震灾害风险分散模式。通过比较研究发达国家地震灾害风险分散的模式,得出我国实行地震灾害风险分散模式的必要性;同时提出建立适合我国国情的地震灾害风险分散模式,为地震灾后补偿机制及灾后保障体系的建立提供较好的建议。     

莱芜市被征地农民基本养老保险问题初探

莱芜市本着即征即保和被征地后人均农用地不足0.3亩整体参保的原则,将全市所有被征地农民全部纳入基本养老保险范围,全面实施了被征地农民基本养老保险制度。但具体实施过程中仍然遇到一些困难和问题。对莱芜市被征地农民基本养老保险现行政策及实施过程中遇到的困难和存在问题进行了分析,并提出了合理化建议。     

基于RS/GIS的城市财产保险洪灾损失评估研究

如何快速,有效地进行投保户洪涝灾害损失评估是保险行业急需解决的一个重要课题.从洪涝灾害的成灾机理出发,针对保险公司对具体受灾体理赔需求,提出了计算每个投保户洪灾损失率方法,建立基于遥感(RS)和地理信息系统(GIS)的城市财产保险洪涝灾害损失评估模型.建模时较全面地考虑了与投保物性质有关的承灾体易损度和与投保物所处环境有关的地基承载力等因素,并使用RS/GIS将其定量化提取.最后使用广东省深圳市洪灾数据进行模型检验.验证结果表明,模型对于各个投保户均能得到较好的精度.     

Investigation of insured earthquake damage

The assessment of the loss potential caused by natural perils is a very important task for all insurance companies working in hazard-prone markets. It has to be based on two crucial items: the frequency of events and the investigation of their effects on the insured portfolio.This article deals with the second aspect, i.e. an evaluation of the insured damage caused by two earthquakes, namely those occurring near Albstadt, Germany, on 3 September 1978, and in central Chile on 3 March 1985. The results of the analysis of the earthquake in central Chile enable the mean damage ratio (damage in relation to the value) to be related to the height and the type of construction of the buildings affected. The Albstadt earthquake data permit an illustration of the effects of the type of subsoil on the mean damage ratio. The damage to individual buildings can be described by a lognormal distribution. Possible applications of these results are mentioned.