液力衡扭旋冲提速工具及其在达深16井的应用

大庆油田深部地层岩石坚硬、研磨性强,运用常规手段钻进,单只钻头进尺少、寿命短且机械钻速较低。应用液力衡扭矩提速工具,有效解决了这些问题,显著提高了机械钻速和单只钻头的进尺。通过达深16井的现场试验证明,该工具能够使钻头的破岩方式在剪切的基础上附加机械冲击和高压水力脉冲,有效提高PDC钻头剪切岩层的效率,为深井提速提供了一种有效的手段。     

不同建模假定下岩石损伤黏弹模型的参数转换关系探讨

将外界因素对岩石变形的影响考虑为瞬间弹性损伤和长期蠕变损伤,并根据加载瞬间弹性模量及蠕变模量的劣化分别对瞬间弹性损伤变量和蠕变损伤变量进行定义,由此建立了考虑损伤的kBurgers模型。在此基础上,通过假定泊松比和体积模量为常量分别得到了对应的模型三维表达式,并得到了不同建模思路下模型参数间的换算关系。最后结合实际算例,对常体积模量假定下模型参数随含水率变化的损伤演化规律进行了分析,获得了常体积模量假定下模型的瞬间弹性损伤和长期蠕变损伤演化方程,检验了模型参数换算关系的有效性。     

温度对土壤介电常数的影响规律研究北大核心CSCD

介电常数是频域反射法测定土样含水率的关键参数之一。为获取温度对土壤介电常数的影响规律,利用矢量网络分析仪测得不同含水率、含盐量的试样在不同试验温度下的介电常数。通过分析土样介电常数随不同因素的变化规律,最后建立了介电常数与温度的关系。结果表明:温度对土样介电常数的影响主要表现在冰水剧烈相变阶段。当温度低于某一温度或者高于冻结温度后,介电常数受温度的影响较小。负温条件下,土样介电常数随含盐量增大而增大。引入阶梯函数建立的三阶段模型,可有效描述土样介电常数随温度的变化规律。     

泡沫吸附-等离子体光谱法测定常量金探讨

利用泡沫塑料对地质样品中微量金进行富集,已经是非常成熟的富集方法。常量金经过泡沫塑料吸附后,用硫脲脱附原子吸收测定也是近几年许多实验室常用的方法。而用等离子体光谱仪测定常量金鲜有报道,该方法简单、快捷,通过对国家一级标样的分析试验,对于金含量为0．05-50．00g／t的样品能够满足要求。     

恒定主应力轴偏转循环荷载下饱和软黏土累积孔压特性分析

现有的饱和软黏土循环荷载累积孔压显式模型未能反映路基土体单元在土体自重作用下主应力轴的偏转现象。在确定饱和软黏土固结时间的基础上,在固结压力分别为100、150、200 kPa下,对软黏土进行主应力轴偏转角为15°、30°、45°的不排水循环加载试验,得到了固结围压、主应力轴旋转角及动应力比对循环累积孔压影响的规律。基于第一次循环加载累积孔压变化规律和修正动偏应力水平,建立了能考虑恒定主应力轴偏转角循环加载下累积孔压显式模型,并利用恒定主应力轴偏转角循环加载试验结果验证了模型的合理性。建立的循环荷载下饱和软黏土累积孔压显式模型参数易于确定,参数具有明确的物理意义且能考虑主应力轴的恒定偏转现象。     

Research on the Distribution and Content of Water Ice in Lunar Pole Regions Using Clementine UVVIS Data

Interest in the Moon started to increase at the beginning of the 21st century,and henceforth,more and more attention has been paid to the content and distribution of water ice in the lunar polar regions.The existence of water or ice in the regolith can apparently change its dielectric features.Therefore,in this article,the Dobson model is adopted and improved according to the Moon's environmental features,to construct the relationship between the volumetric water ice content and the dielectric constant.Ther...     

Effective Photoinactivation of Alpha‐Amylase,Catalase and Urease at 222 nm Emitted by an KrCl‐Excimer Lamp

The inactivation of enzymes is of great interest for many industrial applications. The effectiveness of photoinactivation of alpha‐amylase, catalase, and urease with 222 nm radiation was investigated in comparison to that at 254 nm. The enzymes were irradiated with different fluence rates of 222 nm radiation emitted by a KrCl‐excimer lamp and with 254 nm radiation produced by a low‐pressure mercury lamp. The relative activities were calculated before and after irradiation. Degradation caused by UV‐radiation was assessed by SDS‐PAGE analysis. The results clearly demonstrated that inactivation of the proteins is much more effective with the 222 nm excimer lamp compared to the 254 nm mercury lamp. Irradiation with the excimer lamp and a UV‐fluence rate of 1000 J/m² was sufficient to reduce the relative activities of amylase and urease to 15% and that of catalase to 60%. After irradiation with 4000 J/m², the enzyme activity was almost completely inhibited. In contrast, after irradiation with the mercury lamp with an UV‐fluence rate of 4000 J/m², the relative activity was still above 85%. The gel patterns showed no visible degradation after irradiation at 254 nm, but a strong and unspecific degradation was obvious after treatment at 222 nm, presumably caused by cleavage of the peptide bonds.     

高频电磁波测井同时求解视电导率和视介电常数

利用 Ｌａｍｂｅｒｔ Ｗ函数的性质,针对单发单收和单发双收两种电磁波测井仪器,给出 了一种求解视介电常数和视电导率的方法．理论分析和数值实验表明,该方法在计算速度和 精度方面,明显优于传统的求解复杂非线性方程组的方法．与查表方法相比,该方法不需要 预先计算大量图版,且精度较高．     

1949．0至1979．0 ILS地极坐标的均匀化

自１９８４年起在天文计算中都采用ＦＫ５基本星表和新天文常数,这些变动直接影响了用天顶仪等光学仪器观测订定的地极坐标。本文论述了基本星表和天文常数变动后,对国际纬度服务（ＩＬＳ）订定的地极坐标的影响。结果表明：１）星表系统差对地极坐标的影响在ｘ和ｙ方向最大,分别约－０．００６”和－０．００４”;２）章动序列变动的影响在ｘ、ｙ方向最大波动分别为０．０１２”和０．０１０”。     

Profile and Character of Atmospheric Structure Constant of Refractive Index Cn2

Random fluctuations of turbulence bring random fluctuations of the refractive index, making the atmosphere a random fluctuation medium that destroys the coherence of light-waves. Research in atmospheric turbulence is actually the investigation of the atmospheric refractive index. The atmospheric structure constant of refractive index, Cn2, is an important parameter denoting atmospheric turbulence. In this paper, Cn2 is measured during the day and at night and in all four seasons using a high sensitivity micro-thermal meter QHTP-2. The vertical profile of Cn2 in Hefei (0–30 km) is investigated by the analysis of experimental data. The average profile of Cn2 in Hefei exhibits conspicuous day and night differences with increased altitude. The distribution of log(Cn2) is nearly normal and has conspicuous seasonal differences.