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中国上地幔角闪石及其成因意义

我国土地幔成因角闪石以高铝(一般>2.0)为特征,以TiO_2、Cr_2O_3含量差异相区别,划分为韭闪石和钛角闪石两大类。韭闪石又有四种不同的成因类型:贫铬、钛型(Cr_2O_3=0.15％,TiO_2=0.07％),富铬型(Cr_2O_3=2.18％),富钛型(TiO_2=3.14％)和富铬、钛型(Cr_2O_3=2.59％,TiO_2=3.16％)。除贫铬、钛型韭闪石发现于苏北-胶南高压变质岩石中外,其它三种韭闪石(产于大陆区)和钛角闪石(产于台湾西部)均来自各种地幔橄榄岩、辉石岩及新生代玄武岩中。不管它们的产出方式如何(填隙、嵌晶、巨晶和包裹体子矿物),都直接或间接与地幔流体的交代作用有关,但各具成因之特点。     

A modified land surface temperature split window retrieval algorithm and its applications over China

Due to the difficulties in correcting the influences of the atmosphere absorbability and the Earth surface emissivity diversification, the retrieval of LST (land surface temperature) from satellite data is a challenging task. In this paper, a modified Becker's split window LST inversion algorithm is developed for retrieving LST from the NOAA-16/17 AVHRR data. A new set of parameters for Becker's LST algorithm is proposed. The algorithm is developed from a surface brightness temperature dataset generated from the MODTRAN program, which uses a range of surface parameters and atmospheric quantities as inputs. The 10-day composites of the channels 4 and 5 brightness temperature data of NOAA-17 AVHRR (1-km resolution) are used to generate the clear-sky LST. As a validation of the algorithm, the retrieved LST is compared with MODIS LST of same period and area. The two LST products are found to be consistent, with the absolute difference being about 2.5 K for most areas. The NOAA retrieved LST is also compared with in-situ ground surface 0-cm measurements taken from 257 meteorological stations, which cover overall China area for the three periods of satellite observations. The comparison shows that the correlation between the retrieved LST and in-situ measurements is over 0.90 and the RMSE (root mean square error) is about 3.4 K.     

剔除无人机影像BRISK特征误匹配点对算法

针对BRISK特征检测算法在遥感影像中匹配时同名点对冗余度高和全局性差等特点,考虑BRISK特征检测算法能获取大量无人机遥感影像特征点,Delaunay三角网算法能够利用影像的BRISK特征点的粗匹配点对构建三角网,本文综合两种算法的优点,提出了一种结合BRISK特征检测算法和Delaunay三角网算法的剔除无人机遥感影像误匹配点对方法。该方法利用两张影像的BRISK粗匹配特征点构建Delaunay三角网,利用遍历两张影像三角网中的三角形相似度剔除错误匹配点对,并利用摄影不变量原理进一步剔除误匹配点对,提高了两张影像的精度;对比分析了Delaunay三角网的射影不变量算法,RANSAC算法分别剔除原始影像组、加入椒盐噪声影像组及旋转影像组的BRISK特征误匹配点对的效果。试验结果表明,3组影像分别利用结合BRISK特征和Delaunay三角网的射影不变量算法的无人机遥感影像匹配方法获得的正确特征匹配点对冗余度低、全局性优。     

遗传算法优化支持向量机矿产预测方法

针对矿产预测中已知矿点的样本数目较少的问题,该文提出了一种基于遗传算法优化的支持向量机矿产预测方法。采用遗传算法优化支持向量机的惩罚因子和径向基核函数参数,避免了参数选择不当对支持向量机预测结果的影响,从而提高矿产预测的精度。以空间建模工具ArcSDM中的卡林型金矿床数据为例进行实验。结果表明,支持向量机模型的预测准确率为89.3%,查准率为70.2%;而证据权方法的预测准确率为79.4%,查准率为50%,均小于支持向量机预测结果,说明遗传算法优化的支持向量机是一种有效的矿产预测方法。     

内蒙古东乌旗达勒廷查干矿区成矿特征及成因类型浅析

内蒙古东乌旗达勒廷查干矿区位于宝格达山西南约70km处,是近两年以地、物、化、工程综合方法新发现的铅锌银多金属矿产地.矿区地处西伯利亚板块东南缘,考虑到其所处成矿环境,研究其成矿特征及成因类型,不论是对于矿区本身后续阶段的勘查,还是对邻区的矿产勘查以及成矿区带的研究均具有借鉴意义.     

模糊聚类与遗传算法相结合的卫星云图云分类

针对模糊C均值聚类（FCM）方法存在的缺陷,提出运用遗传算法（GA）全局寻优与FCM局部寻优以及模糊减法聚类客观估算聚类数等优势互补的思想和途径进行卫星云图云分类判别.试验结果表明,综合方法（GA\|FCM）的云分类效果明显优于单一的FCM和GA算法,可有效弥补FCM和GA算法在云分类中存在的不足,并可运用于实况云图中云类的客观、自动判别.     

Tessellations in GIS: Part II–making changes

Abstract

We attempt to describe the role of tessellated models of space within the discipline of Geographic Information Systems (GIS) – a speciality coming largely out of Geography and Land Surveying, where there was a strong need to represent information about the land’s surface within a computer system rather than on the original paper maps. We look at some of the basic operations in GIS, including dynamic and kinetic applications. We examine issues of topology and data structures, and produced a tessellation model that may be widely applied both to traditional “object” and “field” data types. The Part I of this study examined object and field spatial models, the Voronoi extension of objects, and the graphs that express the resulting adjacencies. The required data structures were also briefly described, along with 2D and 3D structures and hierarchical indexing. The importance of graph duality was emphasized. Here, this second paper builds on the structures described in the first, and examines how these may be modified: change may often be associated with either viewpoint or time. Incremental algorithms permit additional point insertion, and applications involving the addition of skeleton points, for map scanning, contour enrichment or watershed delineation and simulation. Dynamic algorithms permit skeleton smoothing, and higher order Voronoi diagram applications, including Sibson interpolation. Kinetic algorithms allow collision detection applications, free-Lagrange flow modeling, and pen movement simulation for map drawing. If desired these methods may be extended to 3D. Based on this framework, it can be argued that tessellation models are fundamental to our understanding and processing of geographical space, and provide a coherent framework for understanding the “space” in which we exist.     

2019年河南淅川ML 4.2地震震源深度测定

采用震源深度测定的确定性方法（PTD）和震源机制CAP反演法,对2019年11月30日河南淅川丹江口水库发生的M_L 4.2地震进行分析,重新计算了此次地震的震源深度。结果表明,2种方法所得到的震源深度基本一致,均约为7.0 km,与中国地震台网中心统一编目结果（7.1 km）相差不大,此结果可能表明地震监测台网相对较好的情况下,用不同方法测得的震源深度相差不大。     

不同成因类型煤中烷基环己烷和烷基苯的特征探讨

通过对藻煤、烛煤、腐殖煤共生煤层的分析，将不同成因类型煤中的烷基环己烷和烷基苯进行了比较。结果表明，不同成因类型煤中所含的烷基环己烷和烷基苯明显不同。各种成因类型煤中烷基环己烷和烷基苯所提供的母质信息与煤岩结果吻合。氧化环境不利于烷基环己烷和烷基苯的形成。烷基环己烷和烷基苯有时可以作为沉积环境和成熟度的标志。