不规则伊/蒙混层粘土矿物成因类型及晶体化学分类

不规则伊/蒙混层粘土矿物(I/S)分布极为广泛,根据大量资料,提出了I/S的成因及晶体化学分类。按其成因分为三类:成岩型、风化型、火山热液型;按其晶体化学性质分为完全无序型、部分有序型及准晶态型。讨论了各成因类型I/S的晶体化学特点,认为产出于P/T界线层粘土中的I/S具二维晶格一维准晶格。探讨了I/S与烃类形成的关系。     

成岩带、近变质带与一维纳米级层状硅酸盐

运用X射线衍射分析技术，计算了成岩带、近变质带粘土矿物C^*方向的粒度。根据阿尔卑斯造山带前陆碎屑岩粘土矿物粒度与伊利石结晶指数的关系，推导出了伊利石、绿泥石、蒙脱石、伊蒙混层、高岭石和叶蜡石的c^*方向粒度变化趋势曲线。结果表明，大多数产于成岩带和近变质带的粘矿物其c6*方向粒工为几至几十纳米。成岩带和近为质带是一维天然纳为级土帮物的产地。     

Electron Diffraction Patterns of Plesiotwinning of Fe-lllite

Abstract  A new selected area electron diffraction (SAED) pattern was found from Fe‐illite. The lattice of the ED pattern can be described as a compound tessellation of (3,6)[79{3,6}], which is based on a large coincidence‐site lattice (CSL) with oriented crystal associations rotated by a non‐crystallographic angle 26°. This phenomenon corresponds to the plesiotwinning of Fe‐illite and has been never reported in the nature so far.     

Incipient metamorphism in the Lower Palaeozoic marginal basin of Wales

Abstract A diagenctic through anchizone to epizone transition is demonstrated in pelitic rocks of the Lower Palaeozoic marginal basin of Wales by examination of variations in phyllo-silicate mineralogy, illite crystallinity and b_o parameter of white micas. This transition represents a temperature range from ∼ 150°C to ∼ 400°C and the metamorphism is of a low-pressure facies series type, with a geothermal gradient of ∼ 40°Ckm^-1. Variations in grade can be correlated largely with the original basin and shelf form, suggesting a depth-related metamorphism. However, in areas closer to the site of Caledonian plate collision an increasingly syn-tectonic metamorphic event is apparent.
Correlation of pelite data with metabasite assemblages is variable, the most consistent relationship being between epizone crystallinity values andepidote-actinolite (greenschist facies) assemblages. Diagenetic clay mineral assemblages are found associated with prehnite-pumpellyite assemblages in metabasites and it is suggested that the latter represent non-buffered, and therefore non-diagnostic, assemblages.     

Thermal structure and uplift of the Cretaceous Shimanto Belt, Kii Peninsula, Southwest Japan: An illite crystallinity and Mite bo, lattice spacing study

Abstract Illite crystallinity (IC) and illite b, lattice spacing were measured across the Cretaceous Shimanto Belt, Kii Peninsula, Southwest Japan. For the IC survey, 103 samples of argillaceous rocks were analyzed from the central area and the western area of the belt. Values of IC (Kubler Index) vary between 0.28 and 0.71 Δ°2θ and indicate diagenetic and anchizone metamorphism respectively. The IC distribution reveals two contrasting patterns of thermal maturity. The Hanazono Formation, exposed in the northern area of the belt, generally dips north, but IC values increase systematically from 0.28 Δ°2θ in the north to 0.54 Δ°2θ in the south and indicate an inverted thermal structure. Values in other formations vary widely in the southern area of the belt ranging between 0.45 and 0.71 Δ°2θ, but the values do not show any systematic change from north to south and on average remain almost constant. Illite b_o, lattice spacing values for 56 samples vary between 9.006 and 9.041 Å corresponding to intermediate pressure conditions of the metamorphic facies. These values, combined with paleotemperatures estimated from IC, indicate paleogeothermal gradients of 22 and 31°C/km for the northern and southern areas of the belt, respectively. The inverted thermal structure of the Hanazono Formation, together with a lower paleogeothermal gradient, possibly is a result of the subduction of a relatively cold oceanic plate during the Late Cretaceous. The higher geothermal gradient could be a product of late thermal overprinting caused by the later subduction of a comparatively younger and hotter oceanic plate during the Eocene.     

砂岩储层自生伊利石40Ar-39Ar定年技术及油气成藏年龄探讨

油气成藏年龄是石油地质学和同位素年代学共同面临的科学难题之一。本文探讨砂岩储层自生伊利石40Ar-39Ar阶段加热技术获得油气成藏年龄的可能性。样品采自南海珠江口盆地第三纪珠海组砂岩储层,采用冷冻加热循环技术缓慢碎裂样品,以减少碎屑长石混入量。释出气体首先经过专门研制的纯化装置,有效地除弃有机杂质气体,然后经过2个NP10Zr/Al泵进一步纯化。06ZJ26I伊利石40Ar-39Ar激光阶段加热分析获得了阶梯状上升的年龄谱。开始3个最低激光能量阶段加权平均年龄(12.1±2.2)Ma(2σ)解释为自生伊利石的最小年龄,可能代表了油气成藏的最大年龄;而较高激光能量阶段坪年龄(98.0±0.9)Ma则代表了砂岩中陆源碎屑长石的年龄。与传统K-Ar法相比,40Ar-39Ar法可以揭示伊利石样品更多的年代学信息。     

内蒙古中部地区晚古生代地层接触变质作用研究初探

内蒙古中部晚古生代地层由于中生代岩浆的侵入,部分发生接触变质,变质程度多处于沸石相或葡萄石绿纤石相。通过对典型剖面的泥质岩石中的粘土矿物、伊利石结晶度以及镜质体反射率的分析,得出以下结论：（1）粘土矿物以伊利石和绿泥石为主,只在极少数样品中有伊蒙混层和蒙脱石,多数缺乏伊绿混层;（2）伊利石结晶度为022~040;（3）镜质体反射率Ro值为15~40。其结果表明：在岩浆侵入地区有小规模的接触变质,为极低级变质带,并未发生大规模的低绿片岩相的区域变质,而且这种变质只影响到晚二叠世以前沉积的地层和油气,分布范围有限。     

伊利石测年在焉耆盆地油气成藏时期研究中的应用

油气藏成藏时期的确定是进行油气藏勘探与评价的重要工作内容之一。也是揭示成藏过程的有效途径，利用伊利石测年确定油气成藏期，能够得出其绝对年龄，因而受到人们重视，运用自生伊利石同位素年龄测定的原理和方法及自生伊利石同位素年龄资料对焉耆盆地博湖坳陷油气藏成藏时期及油气运移时期进行了分析，最后对自生伊利石同位素测年存在的问题和措施进行了有益的探讨并克服了以往只能根据地质综合研究定性确定油气藏成藏时期及油气运移时期问题，为定量确定油气藏成藏时期以及油气运移时期提供了科学的方法。     

蚀变矿物近红外光谱特征对地质找矿的指示意义——以甘肃岗岔金矿为例

甘肃岗岔金矿位于秦岭造山带之碌曲-成县逆冲推覆构造带的西段北侧,是典型的构造蚀变岩型金矿床,目前储量可达中型。在矿区地质填图的基础上,采用BJKF-1型近红外矿物分析仪对矿区7号勘探线ZK07-4钻孔、8号勘探线ZK08-6钻孔及27号勘探线的ZK27-1、ZK27-3、ZK27-4钻孔岩心进行蚀变特征研究,识别出的主要蚀变矿物为伊利石、云母类、地开石、高岭石等。蚀变矿物分布及含量变化特点表明,与矿化有关的蚀变主要是绢英岩化,其中已探明矿体多位于采用近红外分析技术圈出的绢英岩化带内。此外,伊利石反射光谱特征参数计算结果表明,伊利石结晶度和Al-OH特征吸收峰形态呈现有规律的变化,即含矿段和近矿段伊利石结晶度大(SWIR-IC值5.5~5.7),Al-OH吸收峰尖锐;远矿段和无矿段伊利石结晶度小(SWIR-IC值1.3~1.5),Al-OH吸收峰平缓,显示含矿段伊利石形成温度较高。上述结果表明,矿区内绢英岩化蚀变及伊利石结晶度、Al-OH峰形是有利找矿标志,对找矿具有实际指导意义。     

粘土矿物地温计在沉积盆地热演化研究中的应用

在成岩过程中形成的粘土矿物真实地记录了地层形成的成岩温度及其盆地热演化的信息,可以作为沉积盆地的热史指标。本文主要介绍了伊利石/蒙皂石间层矿物（以下简称伊/蒙间层或I/S间层）、伊利石结晶度、绿泥石化学成分三种常用的粘土矿物地温计的发展历史、基本原理和影响因素;回顾了我国沉积盆地热演化研究中粘土矿物地温计的应用现状,并对未来的应用推广工作提出了若干参考建议。