中国地震历史资料的信息开发与利用

本文对全国历史地震资料的有用信息作了进一步的开发和利用，按统一方法处理了大量有感以上地震的文字记载，确字每个独立地震的时间与地点；分区求得地震的有感区长半径与震级的关系式；确定了历史有感地震的最低震级为４；取得了８０００余次有感地震垢基本参数；用等震线测定了巨大地震的参数；将有感强震目录统编成全国与几个大区Ｍ≥４．０地震目录，按《地震学地震预报实用程序系统》（ＥＰＳＥＩＳ）的格式要求建库；同时编制     

Rupture zones in the area of the 17.08.99 Izmit (NW Turkey) large earthquake (Mw 7.4) and stress changes caused by its generation

The M_w 7.4 Izmit earthquake of 17 August 1999 struck a part ofthe North Anatolian fault in the area of Izmit Bay (NW Turkey). Historicalinformation shows that the fault which moved during the generation of thisearthquake consists of two fault segments moved during the generation oflarge (M 7) earthquakes in 1719 and 1754, respectively. Since then onlythe central part (between Izmit and Lake Sapanca) of this fault ruptured bythe generation of a smaller shock (M = 6.6) in 1878.The spatial stress variations based on the calculation of changes in theCoulomb Failure Function (CFF) associated with this earthquake aresupported by the distribution of strong aftershock foci. Large positive valuesof CFF to the east and west of the mainshock epicenter are inagreement with the notion that secondary faults were triggered there by thegeneration of the main event. Large positive values of CFF are alsoobserved in the adjacent western fault segment where the 1766 event wasgenerated, evidencing the occurrence of the next strong earthquake in thissegment.     

中国含油气盆地构造分析主要进展与展望

本文简要总结了中国含油气盆地构造分析的主要进展。中国区域大地构造理论特别是板块构造理论，对于指导盆地构造研究起了重要作用。通过各种地球物理探测方法，揭示了中国含油气盆地的上地幔结构，地壳结构、基底结构与盖层构造的关系。中国含油气盆地在地质历史中的演化过程十分复杂，伸展盆地、前陆盆地、走滑盆地、克拉通盆地和叠合具有各自独特的地球动力学系统。构造样式分析是盆地构造分析的重要方面，直接与寻找油气圈闭有关，可以划分出伸展构造、挤压构造、走滑构造、反转构造和潜山－披覆构造等。断裂和不含油气盆地中的重要构造要素，控制着油气运聚成藏、叠合盆地多期成盆、多期改造造成的复杂构成图像，是中国含油气盆地的重要特色之一。展望21世纪 中国油气盆地构造分析，需要重点关注的是：叠合盆地形成演化和地球动力学过程分析；盆－山耦合过程的深部－浅部耦全过程分析；盆地三维构造精细描述和盆地模拟技术，盐构造和天然气构造分析。     

新疆铀矿资源开发回顾及未来前景

从新疆铀矿资源勘查现状、铀资源优势和地位出发，论述了新疆铀矿资源勘查开发前景，进而提出了今后勘查开发工作的意见，新疆巳成为可地浸砂岩铀矿找矿最重要地区，加快其勘查开发，对确保中国核大国地位和国民经济可持续发展具有重要的战略意义。     

洞庭湖区第四纪气候变化的初步探讨

探讨了洞庭湖区第四纪以来的气候变化，初步得出以下规律：更新世气候变化剧烈，气候组合暖湿（温湿）与冷干；全新世气候转为温凉，主要气候组合为温湿与凉干；历史时期气候主要仍温湿与凉干交替，但15 世纪以来出现短暂的温干与凉温期；15世纪以来，气候波动频繁，有愈来愈不稳定的趋向，进入20世纪，旱涝灾害更加。在全球变暖的背景下，预计该区未来气候趋向于暖湿，但不排除暖干的可能性。     

环洞庭湖区城镇体系发展研究

通过对环洞庭湖区城镇体系发展的历史背景以及现状特征分析，指出其发展过程存在着城市空间格局发展不平衡，产业结构重复严重等问题，在此基础上，提出了相应的对策与发展措施，确保环湖区内城镇体系的持续，快速发展，并最终实现带动区域经济发展的目的。     

历史时期(1803～1958年)西藏水灾分析

分析了现有灾异史料所覆盖时段（1803－1958年）西藏水灾的时空变化特征。研究指出：①1803－1958年，西藏水灾发生（县）次数波动比较大；19世纪40－80年代为西藏的水灾多发期；1924、1954年为严重水灾发生年；②西藏水灾空间分布差异显著，主要分布在“一江两河”地区。其中，日喀则、山南地区的水灾（县）次最多，其次为拉萨市、林芝地区，昌都、阿里、那曲地区则水灾发生相对较少；③高强度的持续降水为西藏水灾发生的关键诱导因子，河流暴涨、漫溢、改道为重要媒体，山崩、雪崩、山洪及泥石流等要素为特定地貌条件下的主要致灾因子，雹灾、地水上涌等也是不容忽视的致灾因子；④19世纪40－80年代西藏气候湿润。     

鲜水河断裂带北西段的枢纽运动与强震的发生

由炉霍，道孕，乾宁三条次级断裂左阶斜列组合而成的鲜水河断裂带的北西段。在断裂左旋走滑运动中，普遍出现断裂的枢纽运动。在产生的枢纽轴部，是强震发生的最佳地质的构造部位。近代发生的１９７３年炉霍７．６级地震，１０２３年炉堆道孕间介促７．３级地震，１８９３年乾宁７．３级地震，都分别发生在断裂的枢纽轴部，审由于枢纽部易于造成闭锁的结果。     

A determination of source properties of large intraplate earthquakes in Alaska

Historically, large and potentially hazardous earthquakes have occurred within the interior of Alaska. However, most have not been adequately studied using modern methods of waveform modeling. The 22 July 1937, 16 October 1947, and 7 April 1958 earthquakes are three of the largest events known to have occurred within central Alaska (M _s =7.3,M _s =7.2 andM _s =7.3, respectively). We analyzed teleseismic body waves to gain information about the focal parameters of these events. In order to deconvolve the source time functions from teleseismic records, we first attempted to improve upon the published focal mechanisms for each event. Synthetic seismograms were computed for different source parameters, using the reflectivity method. A search was completed which compared the hand-digitized data with a suite of synthetic traces covering the complete parameter space of strike, dip, and slip direction. In this way, the focal mechanism showing the maximum correlation between the observed and calculated traces was found. Source time functions, i.e., the moment release as a function of time, were then deconvolved from teleseismic records for the three historical earthquakes, using the focal mechanisms which best fit the data. From these deconvolutions, we also recovered the depth of the events and their seismic moments. The earthquakes were all found to have a shallow foci, with depths of less than 10 km.The 1937 earthquake occurred within a northeast-southwest band of seismicity termed the Salcha seismic zone (SSZ). We confirm the previously published focal mechanism, indicating strike-slip faulting, with one focal plane parallel to the SSZ which was interpreted as the fault plane. Assuming a unilateral fault model and a reasonable rupture velocity of between 2 and 3 km/s, the 21 second rupture duration for this event indicates that all of the 65 km long SSZ may have ruptured during this event. The 1947 event, located to the south of the northwest-southeast trending Fairbanks seismic zone, was found to have a duration of about 11 seconds, thus indicating a rupture length of up to 30 km. The rupture duration of the 1958 earthquake, which occurred near the town of Huslia, approximately 400 km ENE of Fairbanks, was found to be about 9 seconds. This gives a rupture length consistent with the observed damage, an area of 16 km by 64 km.