Origin of Listwanite in the Luobusa Ophiolite, Tibet, Implications for Chromite Stability in Hydrothermal Systems

Listwanite from the Luobusa ophiolite,Tibet,forms a narrow,discontinuous band along the eastern part of the southern boundary fault. We undertook a detailed petrographic and geochemical study to understand the mineral transformation processes and the behaviour of major and trace elements during listwanite formation. Three alteration zones characterized by distinct mineral components and texture are recognized and,in order of increasing degree of alteration,these are: zoneIII is rich in serpentine minerals; zoneII is rich in talc and carbonates; and zoneI is mainly composed of carbonates and quartz. Geochemical data for the three alteration zones show significant modification of some major and trace elements in the protolith,although some oxides show linear correlations with Mg O. Gold mineralization is recognized in the Luobusa listwanite and may signify an important target for future mineral exploration. Gold enrichment occurs in both zoneI and zoneIIand is up to 0.91 g/t in one sample from zoneI. We show that CO2-rich hydrothermal fluids can modify both the occurrence and composition of chromite grains,indicating some degree of chromite mobility. Low-Cr anhedral grains are more easily altered than high-Cr varieties. The compositions of chromite and olivine grains in the listwanite suggest a dunite protolith.     

印度尼西亚内格拉萨金矿床地质特征与找矿潜力

印度尼西亚内格拉萨金矿位于巽他—班达岛弧带中部的西爪哇岛,矿区内发育多条含金矿脉。根据矿区金矿脉的地质特征、矿石特征和围岩蚀变特征,研究了矿石成分、成矿温度、成矿流体、成矿年代和成矿模式,分析了找矿潜力。研究表明,矿区的主要矿体还未被剥蚀,深部可能存在规模更大、品位更高的金矿脉,甚至存在斑岩型铜金矿。     

Characterization of Galena and Vein Paragenesis in the Penjom Gold Mine, Malaysia: Trace Elements, Lead Isotope Study and Relationship to Gold Mineralization Episodes

The Penjom Gold Mine is located 30 km from the Bentong-Raub Suture at the western boundary of the Central Belt in Peninsular Malaysia. Gold mineralization hosted within the vein system is associated with pyrite, arsenopyrite, and minor base metals including galena. Trace element and lead isotope analysis was undertaken on nine samples that represent two stages of galena formed during two tectonic events. Both the Pb isotopes and the trace elements show that the first stage galena within the mineralized areas at the footwall has different geochemical characteristics compared with galena in non mineralized areas in the hanging wall, suggesting that galena crystallized from two different ore fluids and probably at two different times. Higher Te, Se and Bi in the galena from the mineralized area may indicate hydrothermal fluids that migrate through the structural conduit and leached out the metal along the pathway that consist of dominant carbonaceous unit. The Pb isotopic ratio composition are transitional between the bulk crustal growth and an upper crustal growth curve, indicating that derivation was from arc rocks associated with continental crust or a crustal source that includes arc volcanic and old continental sedimentary rocks.     

皖南地区天井山金矿的矿化时空结构及矿体定位规律

天井山金矿的矿化类型有石英脉型、蚀变岩型和千糜岩型,构成复合金矿化体系,各矿化类型的成因及时空配置具有密切的内在成生联系,组合产出特征明显。主成矿期成矿演化可以划分为微量金-石英阶段、金-单硫化物-石英阶段、金-多金属硫化物-石英阶段和微量金-萤石-方解石-石英阶段。矿体主要赋存于接触带构造及其附近,呈脉状、透镜状,膨大狭缩、尖灭再现、舒缓波状产出特征明显;断裂产状变化处及裂隙发育地段易于形成厚大富矿体,矿化发育程度与基性岩脉空间关系密切。矿体总体走向NE,具有浅部NW倾向、NE向侧伏,深部SE倾向、SW向侧伏的定位规律。其空间定位产出样式可分为外接触带型、接触带型和内接触带型。     

坦桑尼亚盖塔(Geita)绿岩带型金矿矿床地质特征

盖塔(Geita)金矿是坦桑尼亚重要的绿岩带型金矿之一。文章阐述了矿床地质背景、矿床地质特征,以及矿床同位素年代特征,并对矿床成矿模式进行了对比。在此基础上认为盖塔金矿以块状黄铁矿和浸染状黄铁矿的矿化为主,成矿时代约为2644~2680Ma,属于太古宙热液型金矿床,具有明显的"层控"特征,后生成矿模式可能是盖特金矿的矿床成因。     

浅谈延吉水洞地区的寻找金矿前景

水洞地区位于吉林省东部,处于天山—兴安地槽褶皱区,吉黑褶皱系延边优地槽褶皱带内,是我国比较重要的金成矿带之一[1]。本文介绍了该区的地层、构造、岩浆岩情况。通过化探分析确定了Au元素异常范围,且物探异常区与相应的化探范围内蚀变带相吻合,为该区寻找浅成中、低温热液型金矿奠定了基础。根据野外勘查工作中的实际情况对该区的找矿前景进行预测。     

新疆新源县扎色勒库勒一带金多金属矿矿床地质特征及找矿标志

介绍了新疆新源县扎色勒库勒一带地质特征,根据物、化探成果及地质资料,预测了该区的斑岩型铜钼矿床,矽卡岩型钼矿是斑岩型铜钼矿床的一部分。根据找矿的成果,对该矿床的成矿特征及找矿标志做了总结,为在该区找矿提供参考。     

西天山博故图金矿床地质特征和资源潜力预测

化探普查在西天山伊什基里克山东部发现一巨大金地球化学块体,对Au异常查证和评价发现了博故图金矿。金矿产于下石炭统大哈拉军山组地层中,赋矿岩石为流纹质火山碎屑岩、次火山岩和辉绿岩,金矿化与硅化、黄铁矿化关系密切。金矿体主要受区域大断裂及其次级断裂构造控制,与围岩无专属性,成因类型为浅成低温热液型。为查明金矿特征和成矿规律、扩大资源量,开展了地质、物化探综合方法找矿,在Ⅰ号矿区及东部邻区,激电测量和高精度磁测量发现多处异常,钻探验证发现了多条隐伏工业矿体,金资源量达大型。勘查结果表明博故图金矿区有很好找矿远景,找矿潜力巨大。     

粉质黏土堤防漫溢溃决试验

为研究粉质黏土堤防漫溢溃决破坏过程及其对水流要素和土体性质的响应规律,以河道流量、筑堤土体含水率和孔隙率为变量,在弯道水槽中开展了9组堤防漫溢溃决概化试验.通过试验发现,粉质黏土堤漫溢溃决溃口发展过程可分为垂向侵蚀和横向扩宽两个阶段,垂向侵蚀阶段以"陡坎"后退为主要形式;筑堤土体含水率与孔隙率不仅影响了溃口垂向侵蚀以及横向扩宽速度,而且决定了溃口最终形态,河道流量主要影响堤防溃口的横向扩宽速度;溃口处流速以及下游水位变化受溃口高度的制约.拟合得到土体黏聚力与土体含水率、孔隙率的相关关系式;通过试验数据提出了由土体黏聚力和水流参数表达的"陡坎"侵蚀后退速度计算公式,证明具有一定合理性.     

云南腾冲青海湖泊沉积物物化参数的特点、环境意义及末次冰消期以来气候环境变化

根据对云南腾冲青海湖泊沉积钻孔样品的粒度特征、总有机碳、碳酸盐、磁化率及年代学分析测试,探讨了各指标的变化特点及其环境指示意义,指出了云南高原湖泊沉积物化指标的特殊性及其变化特点.在此基础上,重建了云南腾冲地区末次冰消期(15830a B.P.)以来沉积环境与气候干湿变化历史.通过青海沉积物年代序列的重建和综合各物化参数分析得出,云南腾冲地区自15830a B.P.以来总体呈现冷湿-温湿-暖干-温和偏干的气候演变过程,并可分为4个阶段,即15830～12790a B.P.气候温凉偏湿;12790～4680a B.P.为温暖湿润期,湖泊水位高,气候湿暖,降水多;4680～312a B.P.气候特征呈现出从温湿到暖干气候逐渐演化,降水减少,湖泊水位下降;312a B.P.以来气候特征为前期温和湿润,后期具有暖干化特征,反映了近几十年来全球气候变暖导致的气候变化趋势并叠加了研究区人类活动对区域环境的影响.