基于语料库的英文海事声明体裁分析

以国内外20篇海事声明作为语料,运用语料库分析软件进行体裁分析,归纳出海事声明体裁六大语步的功能和语步结构;并对其语言特点进行分析和解读,以加深从业人员对海事声明体裁的理解,熟练拟写海事声明。     

澳门附近海域沉积物污染状况及特征分析

掌握澳门附近海域沉积物的污染状况及特征,对于合理安排澳门海洋海岸工程疏浚泥的海洋倾倒,防止造成海洋污染有十分重要的意义。根据1997—1999年连续三年对澳门附近主要区域的海洋沉积物采样测定结果,通过分析认为澳门附近海域沉积物污染具有下列特征:1)沉积物中重金属和油类含量普遍较高,除了总Hg外均高于珠江口海区的其他港口;2)沉积物中污染物的分布受人类活动的影响明显,澳门内港受船只排污、码头作业、陆地工业和生活污水排放的影响,是澳门附近海域沉积物污染最为严重区域;3)受水质交换的影响明显,澳门外港、路环岛东北等区域受珠江径流影响水质交换较快,沉积物中污染物的含量较低,而内港由于水质交换较差,沉积物中污染物的含量相对较高;4)与沉积物的成分组成(吸附)有关,大部分污染物与沉积物中粉砂有较好的相关性,表明粉砂对污染物质有较广泛性的吸附能力,尤其是Cu、Zn、Cd、油类、有机质。     

Transition Periods Between Sea Ice Concentration and Sea Surface Air Temperature in the Arctic Revealed by an Abnormal Running Correlation

This study used the synthetic running correlation coefficient calculation method to calculate the running correlation coefficients between the daily sea ice concentration(SIC) and sea surface air temperature(SSAT) in the Beaufort-Chukchi-East Siberian-Laptev Sea(BCEL Sea), Kara Sea and southern Chukchi Sea, with an aim to understand and measure the seasonally occurring changes in the Arctic climate system. The similarities and differences among these three regions were also discussed. There are periods in spring and autumn when the changes in SIC and SSAT are not synchronized, which is a result of the seasonally occurring variation in the climate system. These periods are referred to as transition periods. Spring transition periods can be found in all three regions, and the start and end dates of these periods have advancing trends. The multiyear average duration of the spring transition periods in the BCEL Sea, Kara Sea and southern Chukchi Sea is 74 days, 57 days and 34 days, respectively. In autumn, transition periods exist in only the southern Chukchi Sea, with a multiyear average duration of only 16 days. Moreover, in the Kara Sea, positive correlation events can be found in some years, which are caused by weather time scale processes.     

全球海潮模型最新进展及在中国沿海精度评估

介绍TPXO、FES、Chinatide、MIKE Global Tide、Utide等典型海潮模型,总结归纳其同化潮汐数据来源和最新的海洋地形数据,利用我国沿岸长期验潮站以外的26个中短期潮位观测站评估TPXO等海潮模型预报精度。结果表明,全球海潮模型对我国沿海M2分潮的预报精度普遍较低,且主导了几种海潮模型在中国海域的整体预报精度;相比MIKE Global Tide和TPXO7.2,TPXO8、TPXO_Yellow Sea 2010和TPXO_China&Ind模型在我国沿海的预报精度更高。     

淄博市大武水源地岩溶水水位多年动态变化分析研究

山东省淄博市大武水源地是北方特大型岩溶水水源地,该文依托山东省2009度地质勘查项目,对大武水源地的位置、范围、面积、历年开采量进行了介绍,并着重对1976年、1990年及2009年等特征年岩溶水流场特征、岩溶水降落漏斗演变趋势及多年开采动态特征及影响因素进行了分析研究。为大武水源地合理开发利用岩溶地下水提供了科学依据。     

岩溶区漓江河流阶地建筑场地地下水抗浮设防水位的确定

地下抗浮设防水位是勘察报告中的一项重要参数, 影响抗浮设防水位的因素较多。该文结合工程实例,通过对河流阶地建筑场地内可能影响抗浮设防水位的因素进行综合分析,得出: 抗浮设防水位要综合考虑场地不同的工程水文地质条件、建筑条件和地形地貌条件等因素, 采用最不利组合综合确定。     

盐度对珠母贝幼虫和稚贝存活和生长的影响

为了解珠母贝早期发育阶段最适存活和生长条件,于2013年5—6月在珍珠贝养殖场进行不同海水盐度对珠母贝直线铰合期幼虫、壳顶期幼虫和稚贝生长及存活的影响实验。结果表明：珠母贝直线铰合期幼虫存活适宜盐度为2285—3886,最适盐度为2719—3502,壳长增长的适宜盐度为2043—4123,最适盐度为3110;壳顶期幼虫存活适宜盐度为2310-3914,最适盐度为2719—3502,壳长增长的适宜盐度为2029—4009,最适盐度为3110·3502;稚贝存活适宜盐度为2064—3910,最适盐度为2719—3502,壳长增长的适宜盐度为1938—4130,最适盐度为2719—3110。     

Analysis of multi-dimensional SAR for determining the thickness of thin sea ice in the Bohai Sea

Flat thin ice (<30 cm thick) is a common ice type in the Bohai Sea, China. Ice thickness detection is important to offshore exploration and marine transport in winter. Synthetic aperture radar (SAR) can be used to acquire sea ice data in all weather conditions, and it is a useful tool for monitoring sea ice conditions. In this paper, we combine a multi-layered sea ice electromagnetic (EM) scattering model with a sea ice thermodynamic model to assess the determination of the thickness of flat thin ice in the Bohai Sea using SAR at different frequencies, polarization, and incidence angles. Our modeling studies suggest that co-polarization backscattering coefficients and the co-polarized ratio can be used to retrieve the thickness of flat thin ice from C- and X-band SAR, while the co-polarized correlation coefficient can be used to retrieve flat thin ice thickness from L-, C-, and X-band SAR. Importantly, small or moderate incidence angles should be chosen to avoid the effect of speckle noise.     

Identification of five sea cucumber species through PCR-RFLP analysis

Sea cucumbers are traditional marine food and Chinese medicine in Asia. The rapid expansion of sea cucumber market has resulted in various problems, such as commercial fraud and mislabeling. Conventionally, sea cucumber species could be distinguished by their morphological and anatomical characteristics; however, their identification becomes difficult when they are processed. The aim of this study was to develop a new convenient method of identifying and distinguishing sea cucumber species. Polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) analysis of mitochondrial cytochrome oxidase I gene (COI) was used to identifing five sea cucumber species (Apostichopus japonicus, Cucumaria frondosa, Thelenota ananas, Parastichopus californicus and Actinopyga lecanora). A 692 bp fragment of COI was searched for BamHI, KpnI, PstI, XbaI and Eco31I restriction sites with DNAMAN 6.0, which were then used to PCR-RFLP analysis. These five sea cucumber species can be discriminated from mixed sea cucumbers. The developed PCR-RFLP assay will facilitate the identification of sea cucumbers, making their source tracing and quality controlling feasible.     

21世纪全球油气资源形势和海上多波地震技术展望

首先综述了现在对全球油气资源量的估计和对 2 1世纪全球油气资源发展形势的预测。表明2 1世纪全球油气资源不会枯竭。未来 10 0年 ,不是世界上有没有油气可供开采 ,而是环境允不允许和在多大程度上允许以及用多大的成本开采的问题。在所有情况下 ,技术进步都起着关键的作用。然后从油气勘探角度对技术进步中的一项主要技术———多分量地震的历史、现状和发展作了评述 ,并结合国家 86 3项目关于海上多波地震技术研究的状况提出了进一步实施的设想