低分子量氨基糖及其衍生物对角膜细胞生长影响的研究

体外培养兔角膜上皮细胞和基质细胞,采用显微观察和MTT相结合的方法分析低分子量氨基糖(包括壳寡糖(chitosan)、羧甲基壳寡糖(Carboxymethyl chitosan oligosaccharide)、羧甲基甲壳寡糖(Carboxymethyl chitin oligosaccharide)、N-乙酰氨基葡萄糖(N-acetyl-glucosamine))对细胞生长的影响。结果在0~1000μg/mL浓度范围内4种氨基糖对角膜上皮细胞和基质细胞均没有细胞毒性,且均能促进角膜上皮细胞的生长,以壳寡糖和羧甲基甲壳寡糖效果最佳,二者与对照组相比均具有显著性差异(P<0.05)。壳寡糖、羧甲基甲壳寡糖和N-乙酰氨基葡萄糖能明显促进角膜基质细胞的生长,与对照组相比具有显著性差异(P<0.05),其中壳寡糖的促进作用最明显。提示低分子量氨基糖可适用于角膜细胞促生长的培养,为壳聚糖衍生物材料用于眼科研究提供一定的实验依据。     

Extraction of plasmid-like DNA and high-quality total DNA from Porphyra yezoensis

I~ODWrIONExtraction of DNA from Porphyra po~nsis is very difficult due tO its high content ofpolysaccharides. TO avoid the interference Of POlysaccharides, HOng et al. (1992) used LiCI tosoften Porphyra thalli cells to release DNA directly without lysing the thalli, hoWever, the procedure is problematic in the isolation of high-quality DNA. Kitade et al. (1996) established a complicated procedure which includes the grindiflg of material in liquid nitrogen, lysing of material inextra…     

Microscopic structures of Japanese lamprey peripheral blood cells and culture of lymphocyte-like cells in vitro

以日本七鳃鳗（Lampetrajaponica）为研究对象,观察其外周血细胞显微结构和探讨类淋巴细胞原代培养条件。采用Wright氏和Giemsa氏染色法对日本七鳃鳗外周血液有形成分进行显微观察,可鉴别出红细胞、淋巴细胞、中性粒细胞、单核细胞、嗜酸性粒细胞：未发现嗜碱性粒细胞。通过Ficoll密度梯度离心法和流式细胞仪分选获得高纯度的七鳃鳗类淋巴细胞。经条件优化后确定最适培养液L15＋20％FBS（5％七鳃鳗血清）＋0．46％NaCl,在18℃,pH6．8～7．0的条件下对日本七鳃鳗类淋巴细胞进行体外培养,大多数类淋巴细胞半贴壁生长,细胞状态较好,最长可以存活近一个月。类淋巴细胞的原代培养为日本七鳃鳗细胞体外培养的深入研究提供了实验依据。     

Calibrating a Land Parcel Cellular Automaton (LP-CA) for urban growth simulation based on ensemble learning

The reliability of raster cellular automaton (CA) models for fine-scale land change simulations has been increasingly questioned, because regular pixels/grids cannot precisely represent irregular geographical entities and their interactions. Vector CA models can address these deficiencies due to the ability of the vector data structure to represent realistic urban entities. This study presents a new land parcel cellular automaton (LP-CA) model for simulating urban land changes. The innovation of this model is the use of ensemble learning method for automatic calibration. The proposed model is applied in Shenzhen, China. The experimental results indicate that bagging-Naïve Bayes yields the highest calibration accuracy among a set of selected classifiers. The assessment of neighborhood sensitivity suggests that the LP-CA model achieves the highest simulation accuracy with neighbor radius r = 2. The calibrated LP-CA is used to project future urban land use changes in Shenzhen, and the results are found to be consistent with those specified in the official city plan.     

不同浓度亚油酸对日本对虾肝胰腺传代细胞磷含量的影响

在199培养基中加入促进细胞生长的亚油酸 ,对日本对虾(Penaeusjaponicus)肝胰腺细胞进行传代培养,测定传代细胞的总磷、无机磷含量。当亚油酸的加入量为16×10 -5mol/L时,细胞的总磷、有机磷含量均为最高。表明培养基中加入适量亚油酸 ,可促进日本对虾肝胰腺传代细胞的生长     

草鱼种质退化相关SRAP分子标记的筛选

采用相关序列扩增多态性（sequence-reared amplified polymorphism，SRAP）技术分析野生草鱼和家养草鱼，并筛选与草鱼种质退化相关的分子遗传标记。共进行88对引物组合的检测，产生标记数目共计905个。依据标记在群体中出现的频率和变化规律，共筛选出21个可能与种质相关的特异性标记，对这些特异性标记进行测序并将测序结果进行BLAST分析，发现测得片段中有8个片段能在GeneBank中找到同源性较高的序列，而其他片段与数据库中序列的相似性较低。     

Seasonal variation in abundance and species composition of a planktonic diatom assemblage including viable cells on the bottom in matsushima bay,northeastern japan

Seasonal variation in abundance and species composition of a planktonic diatom assemblage distributed in the water column and also settled on the bottom was investigated for the shallow coastal water in Matsushima Bay on the Pacific coast of northeastern Japan during the period from October 1999 to September 2000. A spring bloom of diatoms began in April when nutrient concentrations started to increase, indicating the importance of nutrients. Viable cells of Skeletonema costatum and Thalassiosira spp., which were the dominant species in the water column throughout the year, were also always abundant in the bottom sediment. Both populations in the water column and on the bottom fluctuated essentially in parallel. For the planktonic diatoms in shallow coastal waters to maintain their vegetative populations in the water column, it would be advantageous for them to have a seeding population of viable cells on the bottom that are easily resuspended into the upper photic layer.     

Humic Acid and Iron Chelation Modified Anode Improves the Electrochemical Performance of Marine Sediment Microbial Fuel Cell

Marine sediment microbial fuel cell(MSMFCs)can be utilized as a long lasting power source to drive small instruments to work for long time on ocean floor and its higher power has a significant meaning for practical application.Anode modification can greatly improve the performance of MSMFCs.Herein,humic acid(HA)and humic acid-iron ion complex(HA-Fe)were used to modify the anode for constructing a better MSMFCs.The results indicated that HA-Fe modified anode,better than HA modification,significantly improved the MSMFCs cell power output.The maximum power density of HA-Fe modified MSMFCs is 165.3 mW m?2,which are 6.5-folds of blank MSMFCs.The number of microorganisms on anode,redox activity,and relative kinetic activity were 1.8-,6.1-,and 13.1-folds of blank MSMFCs,respectively.The MSMFCs improvement would be attributed to the electron transfer media of HA and the valence conversion of Fe ions.A synergistic interaction between the naturally occurring HA and Fe ions on the anodic surface in marine sediments would make the modified anodes have‘renewable’characteristics,which is beneficial for the MSMFCs to maintain its long-term higher power.     

Histological Observation of Germ Cell Development and Discovery of Spermatophores in Ovoviviparous Black Rockfish（Sebastes schlegeli Hilgendorf） in Reproductive Season

Black rockfish（Sebastes schlegeli） is an important species for culture; however, its reproductive characteristics have not been fully documented. In this study, we investigated the morphology and developmental process of germ cells in this ovoviviparous rockfish in reproductive season（October 2011–November 2012） with histological methods. We found that the gonad of mature fish showed notable seasonal changes in developmental characteristics and morphological structure. The sperm cells matured during a period lasting from October to December, significantly earlier than the oocytes did. A large number of spermatozoa and other cells occurred in testis at different developmental stages. Vitellogenesis in oocytes began in October, and gestation appeared in April next year. Spermatophores were discovered for the first time in Sebastes, which assembled in testis, main sperm duct, oviduct and genital tract, as well as ovarian cavity in October and April. These organs may serve either as production or hiding places for spermatophores and spermatozoa which were stored and transported in form of spermatophores. Testicular degeneration started from the distal part of testis in April, with spermatophores assembled in degenerating testis and waiting for transportation. The copulation probably lasted for a long period, during which the spermatozoa were discharged in batches as spermatophores. These spermatophores were coated with sticky materials secreted from the interstitial areas of testis and the main sperm duct, then transported into ovary.     

不同盐度下鲈鱼稚鱼鳃的显微结构观察

采用石蜡切片和显微摄影技术,研究了不同盐度下鲈鱼(Lateolabrax japonicus)稚鱼鳃的显微结构.结果显示,在15.00盐度组,稚鱼鳃的鳃丝和鳃小片上泌氯细胞数量较多,泌氯细胞集中分布在鳃小片基部,且黏液细胞较多.与15.00盐度组和淡水组相比,7.50盐度组稚鱼鳃的鳃小片较窄,泌氯细胞的分布、结构及数量变化均不明显.在0.00盐度组,稚鱼鳃中鳃小片较宽,排列紧密,泌氯细胞数量较少,且主要分布在近鳃小片基部.鲈鱼稚鱼鳃的结构能够适应外界水体盐度的变化,其中泌氯细胞的结构和数量变化是与鲈鱼稚鱼所处的环境相适应的.