Conceptual design and implementation of spatial data warehouses integrating regular grids of points

ABSTRACT

Spatial online analytical processing (OLAP) and spatial data warehouse (SDW) systems are geo-business intelligence technologies that enable the analysis of huge volumes of geographic data. In the last decade, the conceptual design and implementation of SDWs that integrate spatial data, which are represented using the vector model, have been extensively investigated. However, the integration of field data (a continuous representation of spatial data) in SDWs is a recent unresolved research issue. Enhancing SDWs with field data improves the spatio-multidimensional analysis capabilities with continuity and multiresolutions. Motivated by the need for a conceptual design tool and relational online analytical processing (ROLAP) implementation, we propose a UML profile for SDWs that integrates a regular grid of points and supports continuity and multiresolutions. We also propose an efficient implementation of a ROLAP architecture.     

Challenges and strategies for the visual exploration of complex environmental data

ABSTRACT

In this opinion paper, we, a group of scientists from environmental-, geo-, ocean- and information science, argue visual data exploration should become a common analytics approach in Earth system science due to its potential for analysis and interpretation of large and complex spatio-temporal data. We discuss the challenges that appear such as synthesis of heterogeneous data from various sources, reducing the amount of information and facilitating multidisciplinary, collaborative research. We argue that to fully exploit the potential of visual data exploration, several bottlenecks and challenges have to be addressed: providing an efficient data management and an integrated modular workflow, developing and applying suitable visual exploration concepts and methods with the help of effective and tailored tools as well as generating and raising the awareness of visual data exploration and education. We are convinced visual data exploration is worth the effort since it significantly facilitates insight into environmental data and derivation of knowledge from it.     

Towards an integral strategy for modelling uncertain geospatial data

This paper endeavours to put the discussion on errors and uncertainties in geographical information systems (GISs) in a more systematic way by examining the strength and weakness of discrete objects and continous fields, the two distinct schools of spatial data modelling. In doing so, it argues that neither discrete objects nor continous fields alone provide objective and complete representations of highly complex geographical phenomena, though there are good reasons for asserting that continuous fields are better suited to modelling spatial dependence, heterogeneity and fuzzines significant in geographical reality than discrete objects. Thus, there seems to be merit in adopting an integrated model incorporating analytical capabilities of fields and generalization functions of objects, for which extended TIN (triangulated irregular network) models along with their duals (Voronoi diagrams) provide a pragmatical solution.     

Research on the security of national geospatial data clearinghouse based on ASP

On the basis of the authors' experiences of setting up an NGDC Web site, this paper attempts to present some significant aspects about the security of NGDC based on ASP. They include data storing, database maintenance, new technical support and so on. Firstly, this paper discusses how to provide the security of data which is saved in the hosts of NGDC. The security model of “Networks-DB Server-DB-DB Object” is also presented. In Windows NT Server, Internet Information Server (i. e., IIS) is in charge of transferring message and the management of Web sites. ASP is also based on IIS. The advantages of virtual directory technique provided by IIS are emphasized.     

Designing thought,technical line and some theoretical issues on geospatial digital framework of China

Based on the developing tendency of present China's basic GIS, this paper discusses the designing idea for scales of 1∶10 000, 1∶50 000, 1∶250 000 and 1∶1 000 000 pyramidlike multi-layer and multi-resolution of the basic GIS. A technical line for the construction of basic GIS of the whole country and various provinces for sustainable development is put forward. And some important theoretical GIS issues touched by the technical process are discussed.     

深部土煤系风化岩接触带类型划分及其意义

深部土岩接触带是指厚表土底部一定厚度的土层及其下一定厚度的煤系风化岩组成的土岩组合体。由于它由高压态土体、高压水和软弱破碎风化岩体组成,故具有整体不良的工程地质性质,在接近该带下采煤时易发生采场顶板矿压突变剧增、突泥溃砂、突水等重大安全问题。在煤田地质勘探资料的基础上,根据深部土层土性和岩层岩性将深部土岩接触带划分为4种类型：砂土-砂岩接触类型、砂土-泥岩接触类型、粘土-砂岩接触类型、粘土-泥岩接触类型,分析了每一种土岩接触带类型对应的工程地质意义,并对丁集矿井西南区13-1煤层的土岩接触带类型进行了划分,认为13-1煤层土岩接触带类型以砂土-泥岩、砂土-砂岩为主,近松散层工作面受到底含水的威胁比较严重,工作面溃泥、溃砂、压架出水的可能性比较大,开采设计时要充分考虑。     

海量、异构矿业权核查数据的查询与优化

矿业权核查单个矿业权成果数据具有文件小、数量多、异构、多源等特点,对从海量、异构核查成果数据中快速查询并提取数据提出了挑战。本文探讨并建立了科学合理的数据模型．并提出综合应用表分区、存储过程、优化查询语句等数据库技术,有效提高了核查成果数据的访问与提取效率,为相同或类似应用需求提供了参考。     

利用MDA进行空间信息服务组合建模

提出了一种基于MDA的空间信息服务组合建模方法。该方法使用UML设计空间信息服务组合元模型,利用MDA模型转换机制生成空间信息服务链设计器,利用设计器构建空间信息服务组合模型。该建模方法能很好地描述数据流和控制流,通过引入空间信息服务本体库,实现服务资源动态组合建模。     

100MPa、800℃下Mo和W在流体／花岗质熔体相间分配的实验研究

利用“RQV-快速内冷淬火”（外加热冷封式）高温高压实验装置,在100MPa、800℃条件下,以东秦岭地区出露的高钾钙碱性岩浆岩（合峪花岗岩）为实验初始物,实验研究了Mo和W在花岗岩-H2O、花岗岩-NaCl（KCl）-H2O及花岗岩-NaF-H2O体系流体／熔体相间的分配行为。实验结果表明,Mo比W更倾向于分配进入流体相（DMo^流体/溶体〉〉DW^流体/溶体）,相对于纯水体系而言,流体介质中Cl和F的存在均有利于Mo和W向流体相迁移富集,随体系内Cl含量的不断增高,Mo和W的分配系数呈线性增大趋势,而在天然花岗岩可能含有的F含量范围之内,F含量的增高将阻碍Mo、W向流体相迁移,流体介质中Na／K（摩尔比）的变化对Mo和W的分配系数没有明显影响,表明体系碱质（Na或K）类型不是Mo和W在流体／熔体相间分配的主要影响因素。     

黑龙江省五常地区重力场特征及区域地质构造特征分析

区域重力调查工作,对断裂的空间位置及区域构造分区是主要地质任务之一。本文利用布格重力异常,进行深部场、浅部场的分析。通过场的分离对区域场与剩余场特征分析;经过异常转换信息划分区域地质构造界线,特别是对Ⅲ级构造单元的划分从重力异常成果中,获得三高二低趋势,通过深大断裂划分确定区域地质构造分区界线,从而重新划分该区Ⅲ级以上构造区块位置,本次工作成果将为今后该区研究工作带来新的信息。